Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Assertion and Reason Questions - Understanding Economic Development

(ii) Tertiary Sector: The tertiary sector covers a wide range of activities from commerce to administration, transport, financial and real estate activities, business and personal services, education, health and social work. The non-market sector (public administration, education, human health, social work activities).

(iii) Secondary Sector: Manufacturing and Industry sector known as the secondary sector, sometimes as the production sector, includes all branches of human activities that transform raw materials into products or goods. The secondary sector includes secondary processing of raw materials, food manufacturing, textile manufacturing and industry.

(iv) Small and scattered units: The unorganised sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed. Jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. A lot also depends on the whims of the employer.

(iii) Spinning the yarn: A continuous often plied strand composed of either natural or man-made fibers or filaments and used in weaving and knitting to form cloth.

(iv) Weaving of the fabric: Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.

(i) Transporting cloth to the workshops: This is an activity of the secondary sector. It involves the conversion of natural products into other forms through the ways of manufacturing that are associated with industrial activity. It can be either done in a factory or at home.

(ii) Sale in shops and showrooms: A showroom salesperson works in the retail industry and is often referred to as a sales representative. They have to make sure items and merchandise are presented in a way that appeals to customers because that is often the first step in making a sale.

(iv) Cultivating the soil: Cultivating is actually a combination of two things, removing weeds from the garden and loosening the soil to improve the retention and penetration of air, water and nutrients.

(i) Harvesting the crop: Harvesting is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields. Reaping is the cutting of grain or pulse for harvest, typically using a scythe, sickle, or reaper. On smaller farms with minimal mechanization, harvesting is the most labor-intensive activity of the growing season.

(ii) Selling the surplus production in the market: Surplus causes a market disequilibrium in the supply and demand of a product. When producers have a surplus of supply, they must sell the product at lower prices. Consequently, more consumers will purchase the product, now that it's cheaper. This results in supply shortages if producers cannot meet consumer demand.

• MGNREGA guarantees hundred days of wage employment in a financial year, to a rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. MGNREGA works address the climate change vulnerability and protect the farmers from such risks and conserve natural resources.
• The act was first proposed in 1991 by P.V. Narasimha Rao. It was finally accepted in the parliament and commenced implementation in 625 districts of India. Based on this pilot experience, NREGA was scoped up to cover all the districts of India from 1 April 2008.

Correct answer is: MGNREGA guarantees 100 days of assured work to the people who are able and in need of work.

GDP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country. A higher GDP is indicative of higher production level and higher economic activity. Also, a higher GDP implies people of the country are earning more so it is indicative of the size of an economy.

An individual who manufactures flour from wheat is engaged in secondary sector as the products that are not manufactured directly from nature but require some manufacturing process are a part of secondary sector.