Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Practice Question Answers - Life Processes

Very Short Answer Questions :

1. Name the structural and functional unit of kidney.

2. Why is urine yellow in colour ?

3. Name the structure which stores urine temporarily.

4. Name the U shaped tubule of nephron.

5. What is the main drawback of artificial kidney ?

6. Name the tube which passes out urine from urinary bladder.

7. Name the chief nitrogenous waste materials in human beings.

8. What is the advantage of presence of two kidneys in man ?

9. Name two parts of a nephron.

10. Where does ultrafiltration occur in nephron ?

11. Name three parts of nephric tubule.

12. Define glomerulus.

13. Give the technical term for passing the useful substances from nephric filtrate back into blood in blood capillaries.

14. Give the technical term for the process of expelling of urine.

15. Which part of skeleton protects the kidney ?

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Answer Key - Very Short Answer Question :

1. Nephron 2. Due to a pigment urochrome 3. Urinary bladder 4. Loop of Henle 5. There is no reabsorption of useful substances 6. Ureter 7. Ammonia, Urea, Uric acid 8. If one kidney fails, man can live on the other kidney 9. Bowman's capsule and nephric tubule 10. Bowman's capsule 11. PCT, loop of Henle, DCT 12. A tuft of capillaries present in the cavity of Bowman's capsule 13. Selective re-absorption 14. Micturition 15. 11th, 12th ribs

Human Excretory System

Test: Excretion

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Short Answer Questions :

1. Define :

(a) Osmoregulation

(b) Haemodialysis

(c) Malpighian body

2. Name the excretory matter in : (a) Fishes (d) Birds (b) Tadpole (e) Human (c) Frog (f) Earthworm

3. What is the role of afferent and efferent arteriole in glomerular filtration ?

4. Explain the role of ADH in excretion.

5. Differentiate between ureter and urethra.

6. What will happen if there is no tubular re-absorption in the nephrons of kidneys ?

7. Differentiate between excretion and osmoregulation.

8. How is the amount of urine produced regulated ?

9. What happens to glucose which enters the nephron along with filtrate during excretion in human beings? State two vital functions of kidney.

10. Name the organ system responsible for excretion.

11. Name the excretory structures of Amoeba.

12. Name the excretory organs of vertebrates.

13. Name the major excretory product of human beings.

14. What is excretory organs of cockroach ?

15. Name three nitrogenous wastes produced during the metabolism.

Long Answer Questions :

1. Where and how is urea produced in ureotelic animals ? What happens to the kidney filtrate in descending limb of loop of Henle ?

2. Describe the structure of human nephron.

3. Briefly state the mechanism of urine formation in human kidney.

4. Explain the structure of kidney with the help of a well labelled diagram.

5. Explain the following, why ?

(a) Mammals are ureotelic, but birds are uricotelic

(b) Skin functions as an accessory excretory organ.

(c) Frog is ureotelic but tadpole is ammonotelic.

(d) Urine infection is more common in women than men.

(e) Frequency of urination increases after consuming alcoholic beverages.