Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Question Answers - Nutrition in Animals

Short

Type

Questions Answers

Q.1. What is nutrition?

Nutrition is the process by which living organisms obtain and use food to grow, repair, and maintain their bodies.

Q.2. How does Amoeba obtain its food?

Amoeba obtains its food through a process called phagocytosis, in which it engulfs food particles by forming pseudopodia around it.

Q.3. What is the function of incisors in humans?

The incisors in humans are sharp, chisel-shaped teeth that are used for biting and cutting food.

Q.4. What is the role of bile in digestion?

Bile is a digestive juice produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It emulsifies fats and helps in their digestion and absorption.

Q.5 What is rumination in ruminants?

Ruminants such as cows and sheep have a specialized digestive system that allows them to regurgitate and re-chew their food in order to break it down further. This process is called rumination.

Long

Type

Questions Answers

Q.1. Explain the process of nutrition in amoeba. How do amoeba obtain its food and what happens after it engulfs the food particle?

Amoeba is a single-celled organism that obtains its food through the process of phagocytosis. It engulfs the food particle with the help of pseudopodia, forming a food vacuole. The food vacuole then moves towards the cytoplasm and combines with the lysosome, which contains digestive enzymes. These enzymes break down the food particle into simpler molecules, which can be absorbed by the cell. The absorbed nutrients are then utilized by the cell for energy and growth.

Q.2. What are the different types of teeth in humans and their functions? Explain.

Humans have four different types of teeth, namely incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Each type of tooth has a specific function. The incisors are used for cutting and biting, the canines are used for tearing and shredding food, the premolars are used for grinding and crushing food, and the molars are used for grinding and crushing food. The number and arrangement of teeth are different in herbivores and carnivores, depending on their diet.

Q.3. Explain the process of digestion in humans. How does the food move through the alimentary canal and what are the different organs involved in the process of digestion?

The process of digestion in humans begins in the mouth where the food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains digestive enzymes. The food is then swallowed and enters the esophagus, which carries it to the stomach. In the stomach, the food is mixed with stomach acid and digestive enzymes, which break down the food into a liquid form called chyme. The chyme then moves into the small intestine, where it is further broken down by pancreatic enzymes and bile from the liver. The nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. The remaining waste products are then passed into the large intestine, where water is absorbed, and the waste products are eliminated through the rectum and anus.

Q.4. Explain the process of nutrition in ruminants. How do ruminants digest cellulose, which is present in the plant cell wall?

Ruminants are herbivorous animals that have a specialized digestive system that allows them to digest cellulose, which is present in the plant cell wall. The process of digestion in ruminants occurs in four stages. In the first stage, the food is ingested and stored in the rumen, where it is mixed with saliva and broken down by microbes. In the second stage, the food is regurgitated and chewed again, which allows it to be broken down further. In the third stage, the food passes through the reticulum and omasum, where water and nutrients are absorbed. In the fourth and final stage, the food passes into the abomasum, where it is further broken down by digestive enzymes. The nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream.

Q.5. What is the importance of nutrition in animals? Explain with suitable examples.

Nutrition is essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of the body in animals. It provides the necessary nutrients for energy production, repair of tissues, and other bodily functions. Animals have different nutritional requirements depending on their diet, habitat, and physiology. For example, carnivorous animals require a high protein diet for muscle development, while herbivorous animals require a high fiber diet for digestion. Lack of proper nutrition can lead to malnutrition, which can result in various health problems. For instance, vitamin C deficiency in humans can lead to scurvy, while protein deficiency can cause kwashiorkor.