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Codons for Amino Acids Video Lecture | Biology Class 12 - NEET

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FAQs on Codons for Amino Acids Video Lecture - Biology Class 12 - NEET

1. What are codons and how do they relate to amino acids?
Ans. Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in DNA or mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids during protein synthesis. Each codon represents a particular amino acid, and the sequence of codons determines the order of amino acids in a protein.
2. How many codons exist for the 20 standard amino acids?
Ans. There are 64 possible codons, but only 61 of them code for the 20 standard amino acids. The remaining three codons serve as stop signals to terminate protein synthesis.
3. What is the start codon and which amino acid does it represent?
Ans. The start codon is the codon AUG, which serves as the initiation signal for protein synthesis. It also represents the amino acid methionine.
4. Can a single codon code for multiple amino acids?
Ans. No, each codon codes for a specific amino acid. However, an amino acid can be represented by more than one codon. This redundancy in the genetic code allows for flexibility and error correction during protein synthesis.
5. How do mutations in codons affect protein synthesis and amino acid sequence?
Ans. Mutations in codons can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein. Depending on the type of mutation, it can result in the substitution of one amino acid for another, the insertion or deletion of amino acids, or even premature termination of protein synthesis. These changes can have significant impacts on protein structure and function.
78 videos|280 docs|174 tests

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