The British administration in India adopted a policy of ___ and ___ to maintain control over the population.

Divide and rule

True or False: The British government's attitude towards educated Indians was supportive during the rise of the nationalist movement.

False. The British adopted a hostile attitude towards educated Indians, interpreting their leadership as a challenge.

The British sought alliances with the most reactionary elements of Indian society, such as ___ and ___.

Princes and zamindars

What was a major consequence of the British withdrawal of support for social reforms in India?

It hindered the progress of social reforms and favored reactionary social elements.

Fill in the blank: The Indian Factory Act of 1881 primarily addressed the issue of ___ labor.

Child

True or False: The Indian Factory Act, 1891 allowed for children under the age of seven to work in factories.

False. The Act prohibited the employment of children under seven years of age.

What were the working hours limited to for children under the Indian Factory Act of 1881?

9 hours per day

Fill in the blank: A disproportionately large expenditure on the army and civil administration in British India resulted in an underdevelopment of ___ services.

Social

The maximum working hours for children as per the various Factory Acts were limited to ___ hours a day.

7 hours a day

True or False: The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was repealed without any public opposition.

False. The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was repealed under public protest in 1882.

Fill in the blank: The maximum working hours for women were fixed at ___ hours per day.

11 hours per day

What was the primary concern behind the imposition of the Vernacular Press Act?

The primary concern was to prevent the influence of the nationalist press on public opinion.

True or False: Colonial rulers systematically included Indians in higher grades of civil and military services.

False. Colonial rulers systematically excluded Indians from higher grades of services.

Fill in the blank: The British policy of non-interference in Indian society lasted until ___.

1813

True or False: The Industrial Revolution in Britain had no impact on Indian society.

False. The Industrial Revolution led to the British desire to transform Indian society to create a market for industrial goods.

What fundamental ideas did the French Revolution promote that influenced British policies in India?

Liberty, equality, and fraternity, which contributed to the rise of democracy and nationalism.

Fill in the blank: The doctrine of ___ suggests that societies must change with time.

Progress

Which group advocated for minimal changes in Indian society during the British rule?

Conservatives

True or False: Paternalistic Imperialists viewed Indian culture as superior and justified their economic policies accordingly.

False. Paternalistic Imperialists were critical of Indian society and culture, using this critique to justify economic and political domination.

What was one characteristic of the new wave of thought that emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries?

Advocacy of rationalism, which emphasized faith in reason and a scientific approach.

Fill in the blank: The ___ Renaissance involved a cultural and intellectual revival in India influenced by Western ideas.

Indian

The government feared that too much modernization might generate forces hostile to their interests. True or False?

True. The government was concerned that rapid modernization could lead to opposition against their authority.

Christian missionaries supported the Radicals because they believed their scientific approach would undermine native culture. Fill in the blank: The missionaries regarded Christianity as a ___ religion.

Superior

What was one of the roles of Christian missionaries in relation to the Imperialists?

They supported the Imperialists as they believed British law and order were essential for their propaganda.

Fill in the blanks: Christian missionaries sought ___ and ___ support, holding out the hope that converts would be better customers of their goods.

Business and capitalist

True or False: The primary goal of Christian missionaries was to eradicate all forms of native culture in India.

False. Their primary goal was to spread Christianity and westernization, not to eradicate all native culture.

The dilemma before the government was whether to prioritize modernization or to maintain traditional interests. Explain this dilemma.

The government faced a conflict between embracing modernization, which could foster progressive reforms and challenges to authority, and preserving traditional systems that maintained social order and stability.

The British policy towards princely states emphasized their ___ to British authority after the title of Kaiser-i-Hind was adopted in 1876.

Subordination

True or False: The adoption of the title Kaiser-i-Hind by the Queen symbolized the equality of Indian states with the British Crown.

False. It symbolized British sovereignty over entire India.

What were the major aims of British foreign policy in India?

Protection of the Indian empire, expansion of British commercial and economic interests, and keeping other European imperialist powers at bay in Asia and Africa.