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Flashcards: Judiciary 48 Flashcards 
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What is the principal role of the judiciary in a democratic society? |
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The principal role of the judiciary is to protect the rule of law and ensure the supremacy of law. |
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True or False: The judiciary should be influenced by the executive and legislative branches of government. |
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False. The judiciary must operate independently without interference from the executive or legislative branches.  |
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Fill in the blanks: An independent judiciary safeguards the rights of the individual and ensures that democracy does not give way to ___ or ___ dictatorship. |
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Individual or group  |
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What must judges be able to do in order to ensure justice? |
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Judges must be able to perform their functions without fear or favor.  |
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Riddle: I am a part of a democratic structure, ensuring justice without bias. What am I? |
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The judiciary.  |
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What does it mean for the judiciary to be accountable to the Constitution? |
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It means the judiciary must operate within the framework of the Constitution and uphold its principles and rights.  |
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MCQ: Which of the following is NOT a function of the judiciary? A) Settling disputes B) Enforcing laws C) Making laws D) Protecting individual rights |
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C) Making laws |
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What significant change occurred in the appointment of the Chief Justice of India in 1973? |
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A. N. Ray was appointed as Chief Justice, superseding three senior judges.  |
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The appointment of judges involves which key figures in the process? |
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The Council of Ministers, Governors, Chief Ministers, and the Chief Justice of India.  |
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True or False: The Supreme Court has always upheld the seniority principle in the appointment of judges. |
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False. The principle was broken in 1973 and 1975 when junior judges were appointed as Chief Justice. |
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What principle did the Supreme Court establish regarding judicial appointments? |
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The principle of collegiality, where the Chief Justice recommends names in consultation with four senior-most judges. |
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Riddle: I am a process that involves consultation but my final decisions are made by the Council of Ministers. What am I? |
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The appointment of judges.  |
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Fill in the blank: The other judges of the Supreme Court and the High Court are appointed by the President after ‘consulting’ the ___. |
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Chief Justice of India. |
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Short Answer: What was the outcome of the Supreme Court's intervention in judicial appointments between 1982 and 1998? |
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The Supreme Court suggested that the Chief Justice should recommend appointments in consultation with four senior judges.  |
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What is the primary reason a judge can be removed from the Supreme Court or High Court? |
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A judge can be removed only on the grounds of proven misbehavior or incapacity.  |
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A motion to remove a Supreme Court judge must be approved by ___ in both Houses of Parliament. |
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A special majority |
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True or False: The executive has the power to remove judges from the Supreme Court. |
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False. The legislature has the powers of removal.  |
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What powers does the Supreme Court have in relation to other courts? |
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The Supreme Court's decisions are binding on all courts, can transfer judges of High Courts, can move cases from any court to itself, and can transfer cases from one High Court to another.  |
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Fill in the blank: The High Court can issue writs for restoring ___ rights. |
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Fundamental |
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Riddle: I deal with cases that arise in the district and decide serious criminal offenses. What am I? |
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District Court |
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What is the role of Subordinate Courts in the judicial system? |
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Subordinate Courts consider cases of civil and criminal nature.  |
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What is one key function of the High Court? |
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The High Court can hear appeals from lower courts.  |
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What is meant by Original Jurisdiction in the context of the Supreme Court of India? |
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Original Jurisdiction refers to cases that the Supreme Court can consider directly without them going through lower courts, particularly involving federal relations.  |
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The Supreme Court can issue writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, and Certiorari to protect ___ rights. |
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Fundamental |
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 Completed! Keep practicing to master all of them. |
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