Justice is defined as the fair and impartial treatment of individuals, ensuring that ___ and ___ are upheld.

Rights and laws

True or False: 
The principle of treating equals equally states that all individuals should receive identical treatment regardless of their circumstances.

False. While equal treatment is important, justice may require different treatment based on individual circumstances.

How did different ancient societies interpret the concept of justice? Give examples.

• India: Justice linked to dharma, duty of kings.
• China: Confucius - punish wrongdoers, reward the virtuous.
• Greece: Plato - explored why being just is better than being unjust.

What principle ensures that individuals who require extra support to enjoy equal opportunities are acknowledged?

Recognition of special needs

Which philosopher argued for equal opportunities for individuals to pursue their goals, emphasising dignity and respect in justice?

Immanuel Kant

What are the three types of rights that are typically granted in liberal democracies to ensure equal treatment?

Civil rights
Political rights
Social rights

What does justice ensure for all members of society?

• Correction of injustices
• Protection of the vulnerable
• Equal opportunity to participate.

What is the relationship between justice and the concept of dharma in ancient Indian philosophy?

In ancient India, justice was closely linked to dharma, where rulers were responsible for maintaining a just social order.

What is social justice primarily concerned with?

Fair distribution of goods and services within a society and between nations.

True or False: 
Social justice only focuses on economic equality without considering social inequalities.

False. 
Social justice addresses both economic and social inequalities.

Who is a renowned political philosopher that argued for assisting the least privileged members of society?

John Rawls

Multiple Choice: 
Which of the following is a key aspect of social justice? 
A) Equal treatment under the law 
B) Complete economic freedom 
C) Strict class separation 
D) Unrestricted resource accumulation

A) Equal treatment under the law

What is the concept of the 'veil of ignorance' in John Rawls' theory of justice?

A thought experiment where individuals design a just society without knowing their own position, status, or abilities, ensuring fairness for all.

True or False: 
According to Rawls, moral considerations are the primary basis for making decisions under the veil of ignorance.

False. 
Rawls believes that rational thinking could lead to fair and impartial judgments.

According to Rawls, what limitation might affect those born into disadvantaged sections when applying the veil of ignorance?

They may still be unaware of the real challenges of disadvantage, making it difficult to fully ensure fairness for the least advantaged.

What is the primary responsibility of a democratic government regarding social justice?

To provide people with their fundamental requirements.