Q1: What was the total population of India according to the 2011 census, and what percentage of the world's population did it represent?
Ans: The total population of India according to the 2011 census was 121.02 crores, representing 16.7% of the world's population.
Q2: In terms of population and area, where does India rank globally?
Ans: India ranks 2nd in terms of population and 7th in terms of area worldwide.
Q3: When was the first complete census held in India?
Ans: The first complete census in India was held in 1881.
Q5: Which state in India has the highest population density, and what is the density?
Ans: Bihar has the highest population density in India, with 1102 persons per square kilometer.
Q7: What are the average birth rate and death rate in India?
Ans: The average birth rate in India is 21 per thousand, and the death rate is 7.9 per thousand.
Q8: How many villages are there in India according to the 2011 census?
Ans: According to the 2011 census, there are 6,40,867 villages in India.
Q9: What is the significance of the year 1921 in India's demographic history?
Ans: The year 1921 marked a significant shift in India's population growth. Until 1921, the population remained relatively stable. However, after 1921, there was a steady increase in population, leading to rapid growth in subsequent decades.
Q10: Explain the factors responsible for the high rate of population growth in India.
Ans: The high rate of population growth in India can be attributed to several factors, including a decline in death rates due to improved medical facilities, increased life expectancy, and a fall in infant mortality rates. Additionally, migration from neighboring countries and internal migration for better economic opportunities have contributed to the rapid growth.
Q11: Describe the occupational structure of the population in India based on the 2001 census data.
Ans: According to the 2001 census data, more than half of the main workers in India were engaged in agricultural activities. Cultivators accounted for 31.71% of the workforce, while agricultural laborers constituted 26.69%. The rest of the workforce was divided between workers in household industries (4.07%) and other workers (37.58%) engaged in non-agricultural activities.
Q12: Discuss the factors responsible for the declining trend in the sex ratio in India.
Ans: The declining trend in the sex ratio in India can be attributed to social biases favoring male children, leading to female infanticide and neglect. Additionally, higher mortality rates among females, especially during childhood and reproductive age, contribute to the decline. Pre-birth sex determination leading to female foeticide is another significant factor.
Q13: Explain the concept of arithmetic density of population. Why is it considered a crude measure of population density?
Ans: Arithmetic density of population is calculated by dividing the total population of an area by its total land area, usually expressed per square kilometer. However, it is considered a crude measure because it does not take into account the distribution of population within the area. It includes uninhabitable or less habitable areas, making it less sensitive to variations in population density.
Q14: Describe the geographical distribution of different language families in India.
Ans: The people of India display a high degree of diversity in their languages. The languages spoken by the people can be classified into four language families.
Austric Family. The Austric languages are spoken by 6.2 million people in India. These include languages spoken by tribal people.
Sino-Tibetan Family. These languages are spoken by tribal groups of Himalayan Region.
Dravidian Family. These languages are spoken in Deccan plateau region. It includes Tamil (Tamil Nadu), Malayalam (Kerala), Kannada (Karnataka) and Telugu (Andhra Pradesh). There is less diversity in this group of languages. It also includes Kin, Parji, Khond, Tulu, Kurgi, etc.
Aryan Family. It has two main branches :
The majority of people speak these languages. Hindi is the principal language spoken by the majority of people. Hindi is the main language in Northern plains. Urdu, Sindhi, Marathi, Konkani, Oriya, Bangla, Punjabi, Rajasthani, Marwari are other important languages in different regions. Hindi occupies the fourth place in the World. Urdu is very akin to Hindi and is widely spoken in this belt.
Q15: Describe briefly the factors responsible for the variations in ; density of population in India.
Ans: Density of population means the average number of people living in a sq. km. area. It is called arithmetic density. It is calculated as under :
Density ol population = Total population/Total area
Density of population of India in 2011
persons per sq. km.
With this average density of 382 persons per sq. km, India is considered to be one of the densely populated countries of the world.
Distribution Of Population
The population in India is not evenly distributed among different states. Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu are the most populous states of India while Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, Nagaland, Meghalaya and Tripura are sparsely populated states. The factors affecting the distribution of population can be grouped into three classes:
The following factors determine the density of population:
Q16: Discuss the trend of urbanisation in India with special reference to the post independence period.
Ans: Urbanization in India, especially in the post-independence period, has been a significant and complex phenomenon. India, which was primarily an agrarian economy at the time of independence in 1947, has witnessed a rapid increase in urban population and the growth of cities and towns. Several factors have contributed to this trend of urbanization in India:
1. Population Growth:
2. Industrialization and Economic Opportunities:
3. Infrastructure Development:
4. Government Policies and Programs:
5. Globalization and Urban Influence:
6. Rural-Urban Migration:
7. Technological Advancements:
Challenges and Issues:
Despite the opportunities, urbanization in India has also brought forth challenges:
In conclusion, urbanization in post-independent India has been transformative, providing economic opportunities and improved living standards for many. However, it also presents significant challenges that require strategic planning, investment in infrastructure, and inclusive policies to ensure sustainable and equitable urban development.
50 videos|247 docs|43 tests
|
|
Explore Courses for Humanities/Arts exam
|