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UNDERSTANDING
THE THREE STATES
OF MATTER
SOLID
Definite shape and volume.
Cannot be compressed easily.
Particles tightly packed and arranged
in a regular pattern.
LIQUID
Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape.
They take the shape of their container.
They are almost incompressible.
GAS
Gases have no fixed shape or volume.
Their particles are in constant random
motion.
Gases can be compressed or expanded with ease.
Matter can exist in three states solid,
liquid, or gas. The state depends on
temperature and pressure. Melting,
evaporation, and sublimation are
fundamental processes in which matter
changes from one state to another. 
REMEMBER!

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FAQs on Infographics: Solids, Liquids & Gases - Science for Class 4

1. What are the main characteristics that differentiate solids, liquids, and gases?

Ans. Solids have a definite shape and volume, with particles closely packed in a fixed arrangement. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, with particles that are close but can move past each other. Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume, with particles that are far apart and move freely, filling the available space.

2. How do temperature and pressure affect the states of matter?

Ans. Temperature and pressure significantly affect the states of matter. Increasing temperature generally increases the energy of particles, potentially causing a solid to melt into a liquid or a liquid to evaporate into a gas. Conversely, increasing pressure can compress gases into liquids or solids, while decreasing pressure can allow liquids to boil or solids to sublime.

3. What is the process of changing from one state of matter to another called?

Ans. The process of changing from one state of matter to another is called a phase change. Common phase changes include melting (solid to liquid), freezing (liquid to solid), vaporization (liquid to gas), condensation (gas to liquid), sublimation (solid to gas), and deposition (gas to solid).

4. Can a substance exist in more than one state of matter?

Ans. Yes, many substances can exist in more than one state of matter depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. For example, water can exist as ice (solid), liquid water, or steam (gas) depending on the environmental conditions.

5. What role do intermolecular forces play in the different states of matter?

Ans. Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction between molecules. In solids, these forces are strong, keeping particles fixed in place. In liquids, the forces are weaker, allowing particles to slide past each other. In gases, the intermolecular forces are negligible, allowing particles to move freely and fill the container.

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