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Introduction & Adjustment of Level - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Level | Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering PDF Download

Adjustments of level :
(i)  Temporarily Adjustments – adjustments which  are made for every setting of a level.

(ii) Permanent adjustments- required if some error is there in instrument. 
      (i)  Temporary Adjustments : includes
            a) setting up the level
            b) levelling up
            c) elimination of parallax

a) Setting up the level :  This operation includes fixing the instrument on the tripod and also approximate levelling by leg adjustment.

b) Levelling up :  Accurate levelling is done with the help of foot screws and by using plate levels.  The object of levelling up the instrument is to make its vertical axis truly vertical.

c) Elimination of parallax :  If the image formed by the objective does not lie in the plane of the cross hairs,  there will be a shift in the image due to shift of the eye.  Such displacement of image is termed as parallax.  Parallax is removed in two stages.
1)  Focusing the eye for distinct vision of cross hairs.
2)  Focusing the objective so that image is formed in the plane of cross hairs.

The document Introduction & Adjustment of Level - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Level | Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering is a part of the Agricultural Engineering Course Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg.
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FAQs on Introduction & Adjustment of Level - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Level - Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering

1. What is simple leveling?
Ans. Simple leveling is a basic method used in surveying to determine the differences in elevation between different points on the ground. It involves setting up a leveling instrument, such as a level or a theodolite, and taking readings at various locations to establish a level line.
2. How does fly leveling differ from simple leveling?
Ans. Fly leveling, also known as differential leveling, is a more precise method of leveling compared to simple leveling. It uses a series of interconnected level lines to determine the elevations of multiple points. Fly leveling takes into account the curvature of the Earth and can provide more accurate results over longer distances.
3. What are the applications of leveling in agricultural engineering?
Ans. Leveling plays a crucial role in agricultural engineering for various applications. It is used to create proper drainage systems in fields, ensuring efficient water management. Leveling is also important for designing irrigation systems, establishing uniform slopes for efficient water distribution, and determining the suitability of land for different agricultural practices.
4. What are some common instruments used in leveling?
Ans. There are several instruments used in leveling, both for simple leveling and fly leveling. Some common instruments include levels (such as dumpy levels or automatic levels), theodolites, leveling rods, and staffs. These instruments are used to measure vertical distances and angles, allowing surveyors to determine elevations accurately.
5. Can leveling be used for construction projects?
Ans. Yes, leveling is widely used in construction projects. It helps ensure that the ground is properly prepared before construction begins, allowing for proper foundation installation. Leveling is also essential for accurate grading and setting up the correct slopes for roads, buildings, and other infrastructure.
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