JEE Advanced (Single Correct Type): Chemistry in Everyday Life | Chapter-wise Tests for JEE Main & Advanced PDF Download

Q.1. For medicinal chemists, the classification of medications based on is the most useful.
(a) pharmacological effect
(b) molecular targets
(c) chemical structure
(d) drug action

Correct Answer is option (b)
Medicinal chemists are interested in the site where a drug will take effect, and they prescribe specific drugs to people based on their needs. This also includes the structure-based mechanism of pharmacological action on the target.

Q.2. Which of the following medications is not classified according to the pharmacological effect criteria?
(a) Analgesics
(b) Antiseptics
(c) Antihistamines
(d) Antipyretics

Correct Answer is option (c)
The pharmacological effects of medications are a group of drugs that all have the same effect on a specific sort of problem. Analgesics relieve pain, antiseptics inhibit the spread of bacteria, and antipyretics aid to reduce body temperature during a fever.

Q.3. Drugs that prevent an enzyme’s binding site form a substrate are known as ______.
(a) messengers
(b) poisons
(c) inhibitors
(d) receptors

Correct Answer is option (c)
Enzyme inhibitors are drugs that either hinders the enzyme from retaining the substrate or from delivering functional groups that attack the substrate. Enzymes’ catalytic activity is inhibited by these substances.

Q.4. Which of the following occurs when the enzyme and the inhibiting medication have a strong bond?
(a) The active site slowly regains its original shape
(b) The body synthesizes a new enzyme
(c) The enzyme is blocked temporarily
(d) The enzyme develops a new active site

Correct Answer is option (b)
When the enzyme and the medication form a strong covalent link, the enzyme is permanently inhibited. The entire drug-enzyme complex is degraded, and a new enzyme is synthesized as a result.

Q.5. Which of the following is not a factor in receptor selectivity for messengers?
(a) Shape of binding site
(b) Location in the membrane
(c) Amino acid composition
(d) Structure

Correct Answer is option (b)
There are many distinct types of receptors in the body, all of which are located in different places. They communicate with a variety of chemical signals. Their preference for one messenger over the other is due to differences in binding sites, structure, and amino acid composition.

Q.6. Which of the following chemicals aids in the regulation of stomach acid production?
(a) Ranitidine
(b) Cimetidine
(c) Histamine
(d) Omeprazole

Correct Answer is option (c)
Histamine is the substance that causes pepsin and HCl to be secreted in the stomach. Cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), omeprazole, and lansoprazole are drugs that block histamine from interacting with stomach wall receptors, resulting in less acid being released.

Q.7.  Which of the following should never be used to treat people directly?
(a) Antiseptics
(b) Antimalarials
(c) Disinfectants
(d) Antibiotics

Correct Answer is option (c)
Antimalarials and antibiotics are taken orally in pill form. Antiseptics are used to treat the skin. Disinfectants are used to disinfect and protect items such as floors, toilets, and drains from pathogenic activity.

Q.8. Which of the following is a preservative and which is not?
(a) Sodium benzoate
(b) Potassium metabisulphite
(c) Dulcin
(d) Sorbic acid salts

Correct Answer is option (c)
Preservatives are chemicals added to food to keep it from spoiling and to keep its nutritional value and flavour. The most common examples are salt, sugar, and oils. In jams, potassium metabisulphite is utilised. Dulcin is a synthetic sweetener.

Q.9. What type of soap is generated when soap is dissolved in ethanol and then the surplus solvent is evaporated?
(a) Shaving soap
(b) Floating soap
(c) Transparent soap
(d) Laundry soap

Correct Answer is option (c)
A transparent soap is created by dissolving the soap in an ethanol solution while manufacturing it and then evaporating the excess ethanol not used in the process.

Q.10. Choose the cationic detergent from the list below.
(a) Pentaerythritol monostearate
(b) Sodium dodecyl sulphate
(c) Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
(d) Sodium lauryl sulphate

Correct Answer is option (c)
Bromine is the anion of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, a quaternary salt cation. The cationic component aids in the washing process. Non-ionic detergents are pentaerythritol monostearate and sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium lauryl sulphate, whereas anionic detergents are sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium lauryl sulphate.

Q.11. Which of the following is a basic dyes
(a) Congo Red
(b) Aniline Yellow
(c) Alizarin
(d) Indigo

Correct Answer is option (b)
Aniline yellow is a basic dyes.

Q.12. The dyes which are applied to the fabric in the colourless reduced state and then oxidised to coloured state are called
(a) Vat dyes
(b) Disperse dyes
(c) Triphenyl methane dye
(d) Azo dyes

Correct Answer is option (a)
Vat dyes are insoluble compounds which reduction give soluble (leucoform) product. The product may be either coloured or colourless a have affinity for specific fabrics e.g. Indigo.

Q.13. Aspirin is
(a) Antibiotic
(b) Antipyretic
(c) Sedative
(d) Psychedelic

Correct Answer is option (b)
Aspirin is antipyretic i.e., a drug which is responsible for lowering the temperature of Feverish organism to normal, other antipyretic drugs are paraacetamol, Phenacetin.

Q.14. Substance used for bringing down temperature in high fever are called
(a) Pyretics
(b) Antipyretics
(c) Antibiotics
(d) Antiseptics

Correct Answer is option (b)
It is antipyretic i.e., a drug which is responsible for lowering the temperature of feverish organism to normal.

Q.15. Which of the following is used as an antibiotic
(a) Ciprofloxacin
(b) Paracetamol
(c) Ibuprofen
(d) Tocopherol

Correct Answer is option (a)
Ciprofloxacin is used as antibiotic while Paracetamol, Ibuprofen and tocopherol are respectively antipyretic, pain killer and Vit. E.

Q.16. Which of the following is not an antibiotic
(a) Penicillin
(b) Sulphaguanidine
(c) Chloramphenical
(d) None of these

Correct Answer is option (b)
Antibiotics are those drugs, which act against bacterial and viral infections e.g.,  Chloramphenicol Streptomycin, Penicillin, Tetracycline etc. Sulphaguanidine is a Sulphadrug.

Q.17. Which of the following is not a broad spectrum antibiotic
(a) Tetracycline
(b) Chloromycetin
(c) Penicillin
(d) None of these

Correct Answer is option (c)
Penicillinis not a broad spectrum antibiotic since it is active against infections caused by gram positive bacteria only.

Q.18. Structurally biodegradable detergent should contain
(a) Normal alkyl chain
(b) Branched alkyl chain
(c) Phenyl side chain
(d) Cyclohexyl side chain

Correct Answer is option (b)
Structurally biodegradable detergent contain normal (or Linear) alkyl chain.

Q.19. One of the oxidants used with liquid propellants is
(a) Ammonium perchlorate
(b) Nitrocellulose
(c) Sulphuric acid
(d) Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N₂O₄)

Correct Answer is option (d)
Dinitrogen tetraoxide is used as an oxidant with liquid propellant.

Q.20. Which of the following could act as a propellant for rocket
(a) Liquid hydrogen + Liquid nitrogen
(b) Liquid oxygen + Liquid argon
(c) Liquid hydrogen + Liquid oxygen
(d) Liquid nitrogen + Liquid oxygen

Correct Answer is option (c)
Liquid hydrogen + Liquid oxygen Could act as a propellant or rocket.