JEE Advanced (Single Correct Type): General Principles & Process of Isolation of Metals | Chapter-wise Tests for JEE Main & Advanced PDF Download

Q.1. Which of the following is not a suitable ore for extracting iron?
(a) Hematite
(b) Magnetite
(c) Siderite
(d) Iron Pyrites

Correct Answer is option (d)
FeS₂ is the chemical formula for iron pyrite. Because iron pyrite is exothermic and poses a safety risk in mines, it is more cost-effective to extract iron from other ores like magnetite and hematite. Pyrites are generally unstable, and they have the potential to transform into sulphurous minerals.

Q.2. Which of the following ore is used to extract silver?
(a) Calamine
(b) Cinnabar
(c) Argentite
(d) Malachite

Correct Answer is option (c)
Argentite, commonly known as a silver glance, is the only silver ore with the chemical composition Ag₂S among the above choices. Smelting or chemical leaching is a straightforward procedure for extracting silver from a silver glance.

Q.3. Which of the scenarios is best for hand-picking concentration?
(a) When the ores are good conductors of electricity
(b) When the impurities can be distinguished from the ore by the naked eye
(c) When either the ore or the impurities are magnetic
(d) When the ore particles are heavier than the impurities

Correct Answer is option (b)
It is vital for contaminants to be easily discernible from ore particles when concentration is done by handpicking. The ore is deemed to be pure if these contaminants can be seen with the naked eye. The ore is said to be suitable for concentration by handpicking.

Q.4. By electromagnetic separation, where are magnetic particles collected in concentration?
(a) Away from the magnetic roller
(b) On the conveyor belt
(c) Below the magnetic roller
(d) Above the magnetic roller

Correct Answer is option (c)
The powdered ore is dropped over a conveyor belt that moves around two rollers, one of which is equipped with an electromagnet. The magnetic roller attracts the magnetic particles when the ore particles move across the belt. As a result, two heaps form independently. Magnetic particles are gathered below the magnetic roller, whereas non-magnetic particles are collected away from the roller.

Q.5. In froth flotation, what role does the revolving paddle play?
(a) Enhances wettability of gangue particles
(b) Stabilises the froth
(c) Draws in the air causing frothing
(d) Enhances non-wettability of the ore particles

Correct Answer is option (c)
The rotating paddle in the froth flotation process violently agitates the suspension of powdered ore in water, as well as the collectors and froth stabilisers, generating frothing.

Q.6. What is the name of the metallurgical process in which the ore is leached and the metal is extracted using electrolysis?
(a) Zone refining
(b) Hydrometallurgy
(c) Liquation
(d) Thermite process

Correct Answer is option (b)
Hydrometallurgy is a technique for extracting metals from their ores in the subject of extractive metallurgy. Hydrometallurgy is the process of extracting metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials using aqueous solutions.

Q.7. Oxides are formed when food is roasted. But why is it necessary to roast oxide ores?
(a) To avoid gangue particles
(b) To get crude metal by using an oxidising agent
(c) To remove volatile impurities in the form of their oxides
(d) To make the ore porous

Correct Answer is option (c)
Roasting is used to eliminate volatile impurities in the form of oxides from oxide ores. Metals are easier to acquire (by reduction) from their oxides than from carbonates or sulphides. As a result, the ore must first be transformed into metal oxide before it can be reduced.

Q.8. Electrolysis does not remove which of the following metals?
(a) Na
(b) Mg
(c) Al
(d) Fe

Correct Answer is option (d)
In reality, choosing the right reducing agent is crucial to extracting a metal from its ore. Because iron is a fairly active metal, its oxides can be reduced with carbon rather than electrolysis. Electrolysis is used to recover reactive metals like aluminium, while reduction with carbon is used to extract less reactive metals like iron.

Q.9. What is the method for extracting sodium from halide ores like sodium chloride (NaCl)?
(a) Pyrometallurgy
(b) Hydrometallurgy
(c) Electrometallurgy
(d) Magnetic separation

Correct Answer is option (c)
Sodium is a highly electropositive metal that can be extracted readily from sodium chloride using an electrometallurgy or electrolysis technique. Metals such as copper, iron, and silver are extracted using pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.

Q.10. Which of the following is an illustration of metallurgical electrochemical principles?
(a) Baeyer’s process
(b) Solvay process
(c) Bergius process
(d) Hall-Heroult process

Correct Answer is option (d)
The Hall-Heroult process reduces bauxite to virtually pure aluminium by an electrochemical reaction. The bauxite is dissolved in a molten electrolyte containing sodium, fluorine, and aluminium and kept at a high temperature. Aluminium is deposited at the cathode and oxygen gas is produced at the anode in this process.

Q.11. ‘Lapis–Lazuli’ is a blue colouredprecious stone. It is mineral of the class
(a) Sodium–alumino silicate
(b) Zinc cobaltate
(c) Basic copper carbonate
(d) Prussian blue

Correct Answer is option (a)
Lapis lazuli is the aluminium silicate present in earth rocks as blue stone.

Q.12. Which of the following is not an ore
(a) Bauxite
(b) Malachite
(c) Zinc blende
(d) Pig iron

Correct Answer is option (d)
Pig iron → It is the most impure form of iron and contains highest proportion of carbon (2.5-4%)
Malachite → Cu(OH)₂ .CuCO₃
Zinc blende → ZnS
Bauxite ® Al₂O₃.2H₂O

Q.13. Which of the following is not an ore of magnesium
(a) Magnesite
(b) Dolomite
(c) Gypsum
(d) Carnalite

Correct Answer is option (c)
Gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) is an ore of calcium.
Dolomite (CaCO₃.MgCO₃) , Magnesite (MgCO₃) and Carnalite (KCl.MgCl₂.6H₂O) are the ores of Magnesium.

Q.14. Method used for obtaining highly pure silicon used as a semiconductor material is
(a) Oxidation
(b) Electrochemical
(c) Crystallization
(d) Zone refining

Correct Answer is option (d)
By the process of zone refining pure silicon is obtained which is used in semiconductor.

Q.15. Cyanide process is used in the extraction of
(a) Au
(b) Ag
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) Cu

Correct Answer is option (c)
Cyanide process is used in the extraction of both Silver and Gold because these form complex salts with CN^- ion due to presence of lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom.