L13 : Respiration types: Aerobic - Life Processes, Science, Class 10 Video Lecture

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with this basic this introduction on
respiration let us now talk about the
types of respiration there are two types
of respiration aerobic respiration and
an aerobic respiration aerobic
the word arrow it means air so
respiration which happens in presence of
air air is oxygen so that is respiration
which takes place in presence of oxygen
is known as aerobic respiration and
aerobic is just the opposite that means
by respiration which takes place in
absence of oxygen is an aerobic
respiration so you might have got this
misconception that oxidation of the
assimilated molecules because we have
this dumb oxidation it should always
need oxygen but it is not like that
oxidation of food molecules can take
place even without oxygen so we will
have a look at that when we talk about
anaerobic respiration so let us first
talk about the aerobic respiration here
oxidation of food releases energy and
oxidation of food takes place in
presence of oxygen so let us look at the
process of aerobic respiration step by
step so let us look at each of the steps
so the first step that happens is
glycolysis so what happens in glycolysis
it occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell we
are all aware of the terminal rods
inside cytoplasm is nothing but the
fluid matter present in the cell so it
occurs in cytoplasm for this glycolysis
step no oxygen is needed so here we do
not need any oxygen so this step is
something which is common to both
aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration so in both of them first of
all what happens is in the cytoplasm one
molecule of glucose gets converted into
two molecules of pyruvate or thus
pyruvate it is
timid pyruvic acid so what happens a
glucose molecule that is c6h12o6 this
glucose molecule which is a six carbon
molecule because there are six carbon
present in this so it gets converted
into a little simpler form in pyruvate
we have three carbon molecules so the
structure of pyruvate looks somewhat
like this
so how many carbon we have we have here
three carbons so pyruvate is a three
carbon molecule now along with that
there is a net gain of two ATP molecules
so two ATP molecules are also produced
here so actually four ATP molecules are
produced but in this process two of the
ATP molecules are utilized by this six
carbon molecule so as a result the net
ATP L is 2 ATP molecules as I mentioned
before only that the energy which is
released is in the form of ATP molecules
so the first step in aerobic as well as
anaerobic respiration is that the
glucose which is a six carbon compound
gets converted into a three carbon
compound so one molecule of glucose gets
converted into two molecules of pyruvate
so that means the compound became little
simpler right and at the same time some
energy is also released that is some two
ATP molecules are released so now what
happens to this pyruvate this pyruvate
which was created in the cytoplasm will
now move to the mitochondria do you
remember what is mitochondria is the
powerhouse of a cell it is a cell
organelle where actually energy
generation takes place so this pyruvate
will move to mitochondria and in
mitochondria it will lose carbon dioxide
and thereby form acetyl coenzyme a so
what happens so this is the pyruvate
so this pyruvate in presence of an
enzyme called coenzyme a what will
happen it will release one carbon
dioxide so carbon dioxide will be
released and what if carbon dioxide is
released from here so co2 is gone so
what is left with the acetyl group is
left so that means this acetyl group is
left so this acetyl group will combine
with this enzyme got a enzyme a and it
will form a Setai coenzyme e so you
understood this pyruvate in presence of
an enzyme called coenzyme a it will lose
carbon dioxide so the remaining is the
acetyl group this acetyl group will
combine with a enzyme a and it will form
acetyl coenzyme a so we call this as
acetone coenzyme a so this acetyl
coenzyme a is formed so where is a
certain coenzyme a form it is formed at
the mitochondria now the next step so
this is my step this glycolysis for step
one Krebs cycle is the step two and this
is an intermediate step between 1 and 2
so in credit occurs in the matrix of
mitochondria so you remember what this
mitochondria the yellow-colored
structure which you see inside this cell
that is mitochondria so if you look at
the structure of mitochondria in detail
you can see what is matrix matrix is
again this blue colored thing that is
the fluid which fills the space inside
mitochondria that is matrix this outside
membrane which is shown in red color
that is the outer membrane this is a red
colored border is outer membrane and
this yellow colored border outside the
matrix that is that inner membrane right
so the Krebs cycle occurs in the matrix
of mitochondria ducklings within this
blue colored structure so what will
happen here this acetyl coenzyme a which
was formed before this acid
a will get oxidized in presence of
oxygen so that means acetyl coenzyme a
in presence of oxygen so what will it
form it will form carbon dioxide plus 2
ATP molecules plus some hydrogen carrier
molecules plus some hydrogen carrier
molecules so here we are not going into
the very much detail of each of these
equations because there are other
molecules also which are involved in
these equations but at this level I do
not want to make things complex so that
is why I am giving you a rough idea
about how the things happen in arabic
respirations in your higher classes you
will learn about these equations in even
more detail so for now you can just see
that this acid I'll go enzyme a in
presence of oxygen will give two
molecules of ATP it will form carbon
dioxide and some hydrogen carrier
molecules will also be formed so what is
the total ATP yield here 2 ATP molecules
are again produced here so in glycolysis
2 ATP molecules are produced again in
Krebs cycle 2 ATP molecules produced so
now you can see that in this step oxygen
is needed and that is why it is Arabic
recitation
now what happens what is the third step
the third step is electron transport
what do I mean by electron transport now
what this process takes place in the
inner membrane of mitochondria that
means in this membrane the
yellow-colored structure so what happens
here the hydrogen carrier molecules
which were produced in the previous step
what are those hydrogen carrier
molecules which were produced they were
only nadh and fadh2 a lot of nadh
molecules are produced so we will not go
into the detail of these molecules so
you just understand that the hydrogen
carrier molecules which were produced in
their previous steps what are they they
are actually they actually have high
energy hydrogen atoms that is why they
are
erosion carrier molecules that means
molecules which are carrying high-energy
hydrogen atoms now these molecules are
brought to electron transport system so
what happens is that these molecules
start carrying electrons to the electron
transport system the high hydrogen
carrier molecules are brought in to the
electron transport system within the
mitochondria so this will happen inside
mitochondria it will happen on the inner
membrane of mitochondria so what will
happen the hydrogen molecules which were
at higher energy levels and brought down
to lower energy levels and in this
process eventually a very large amount
of energy is released so what basically
happens here is
high-energy
high-energy hydrogen molecules
I brought to lower energy levels
and during these process a lot of energy
is produced so how many energy ATP
molecules are produced yet 34 ATP
molecules so now you can understand how
much more energy is produced in this
step in the first two steps only two ATP
molecules are getting produced but in
this step that the four ATP molecules
are getting produced so a huge amount of
energy will get produced during this
electron transport so what does the
portal process we can review it the
first step is glycolysis where the
glucose molecule which was a six carbon
molecule gets converted into pyruvate
which is a three carbon compound in the
next step the three carbon compound
pyruvate and listen to the macro
mitochondria it loses one carbon dioxide
and in presence of an enzyme called
coenzyme a it forms acetyl coenzyme a so
this acetyl coenzyme a then enters into
the matrix of mitochondria and it in
presence of oxygen it forms carbon
dioxide and two molecules of ATP and a
lot of hydrogen carrier molecules these
hydrogen carrier molecules are those
which have high energy hydrogen atoms
now these hydrogen carrier molecules are
then brought into the electron transport
system and the hydrogen atoms which were
at very high energy levels were brought
to lower energy levels and during this
process a large amount of energy is
produced and the total yield of ATP is
34 ATP molecules so now if we combine
all these steps so what will be the
overall equation for aerobic respiration
it will be glucose plus oxygen so
glucose in presence of oxygen will give
co2 plus h2o plus 36 ATP molecules how
conditions in electron transport itself
we have 34 ATP molecules and in the
Krebs cycle we have 2 ATP molecules so
let us 36 now if we even include the
glycolysis part which is common to both
aerobic and of anaerobic so if we
include that also then you can say that
it is 38 so in many places you will see
that it sees
aerobic respiration 36 to 38 molecules
of ATP I produced so it is active six
when you only conclude that aerobic
respiration part that means when you
won't include the part which involves
oxygen it is 38 when you also loop the
glycolysis but so this is the overall
equation of aerobic respiration thank
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