L7 : Nutrition in Amoeba & Paramecium - Life Processes, Science, Class 10 Video Lecture

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let us now look at the nutrition amoeba
so we know all know that amoeba is and
unicellular organism that is it has only
one cell and the type of nutrition which
amoeba has is again hollow soil that
means amoeba takes in complex organic
matter as food so you are all familiar
with how an amoeba looks like right we
have studied that in diversity in living
organisms in class night now I'm going
to see the different steps how the
different steps of follows WIC nutrition
happens in case of any bar so the first
step is injection that means intake of
food so for intention amoeba uses the
pseudopodia or the pseudopodia
pseudopodia sudo means false and podía
means feed so pseudopodia is false feed
what is false feed it is nothing but a
temporary extension of the cytoplasm let
it's the cytoplasm of amoeba it extends
it for example it is position cytoplasm
it will extend it like this again it
will extend it like this so wherever
there is a food particle the cytoplasm
will extend it and we enclose the food
so that is how the intake of food will
take place so this process is known as
phagocytosis
so intake of food by amoeba with the
help of the pseudopodia is known as
phagocytosis so see here in this picture
it is shown how the intake of food
happens if let us suppose this is the
food particle so this is the amoeba so
now the cytoplasm will extend itself so
like this right so now if you see this
particle gets enclosed and as a result a
food vacuole is formed and then the food
is absorbed from that food venture so
this is how ingestion takes place so
invasion take place with the help of the
pseudopodia or false feed and the
process is slowed
spyro psychosis now the next step is
digestion now how the food is digested
so now the enzymes released by lysosomes
in food vacuole as I said a food vacuole
will be formed by the end of the
injection process now in that food
vacuole some enzymes will be reused by
the lysosomes water lysosomes in a
lesson on sin we saw their geyser zones
are the cell organelles which are also
known as suicidal bags because they
release enzymes which breaks the arm
itself right so their enzymes which are
really used by the lysosomes in the food
vacuole those enzymes will actually help
in converting the complex food into
simpler forms so the complex food will
get converted to simpler form so where
will this take place this will take
place inside the food vacuole complex
food into simpler form so this is known
as intracellular digestion why if this
is called intracellular because this
manam process of digestion takes place
within the cell that is why it is called
interest anywhere the third step is
absorption so what is absorption now the
digested food then diffuses into the
cytoplasm so once the food is digested
so now that simple food will come back
to them cytoplasm so once it comes back
to the cytoplasm so it gets spread all
over so the food gets absorbed by the
cytoplasm now is assimilation so absorb
food stored and utilized later for
synthesis so this absorbed food is
stored as fat or glycogen and it is
later used for synthesis of protoplasm
what does protoplasm it is the leaving
substance of the cell that is the
cytoplasm plus the nucleus that if they
are together known as protoplasm so this
absorbed food is then stone and it is
used later for synthesis so for
synthesis off for example synthesis of
protoplasm
and the last one that is ejection so
undigested food expand out through cell
membrane now whatever out of Greater
suppose this is the food right this blue
colored object so whatever it is
digested is fine they will be in the
cytoplasm and then they will be
assimilated by the remaining undigested
part will be excreted out through the
cell membrane how the same membrane will
get ruptured and then the undigested
food will come out and the cell membrane
will soon get repaired as well so that
is how the process of nutrition happens
in case of amoeba intake of food with
the help of sudo podium this is known as
phagocytosis then the digestion of food
will happen within the cell with the
help of the enzymes released by
lysosomes and then the digested food
will be absorbed in the cytoplasm and it
will be assimilated that is will be
stored and utilized later for some cases
and the undigested food will be expelled
out through the cell membrane called
each dish
right so let us look at the nutrition
another simple organism that is
perishing so we always have studied
about parameter as well in class night
so let us see how nutrition happens in
case of Paramecium so even Paramecium
has is has hollows awake nutrition so it
feeds on microorganisms like bacteria I
will be pleased so it feeds on such
things so that is also follows really so
let us see how the different steps
happen in case of para nation so the
first step that is ingestion how does
how the intake of food takes place in
case of Paramecium by Celia through oral
groove into gullet so what the seriously
I had a fine hair like structures on the
outside so this is either Celia right
what does oral groove oral means mouth
so what is oral groove this is the oral
groove
and what is garlic this is the connect
so the oil groove will end into a gullet
so this is that got it so the food is
taken from this oral groove and from
oral groove the food reaches into the
gullet now how is the food obtained near
if the food is brought nearer with the
help of celia let the function which
pseudopodia plays in case of amoeba the
same function is played by celia in case
of Paramecium so see here will actually
help in get the food in the other and
then the intake happens through the oral
groove there is one mount leg opening
and from that groove it will go into the
gullet so food vacuole is formed so here
also the food will form a food vacuole
so now here the Celia will sweep food
along with water through the oral group
into Canada now immediately the virtual
we'll not reform' when in our food is
accumulated food that cureless want this
poor vacuole will keep on circulating
through the cytoplasm in the same so
this is the food vacuole suppose this is
the food back sure so this vacuole will
lie on the cytoplasm so it will keep
circulating through the cytoplasm
because I comply as some is a fluid like
structure so it will keep floating on
the cytoplasm so food vacuole will keep
moving from one place to another in the
cytoplasm so this is how we injection
take place so invasion happens with the
help of cerium through the older groove
and goes into the collector when enough
of food is accumulated a food vacuole is
formed which keeps circulating in the
cytoplasm now the next step is digestion
so for digestion we obviously need some
enzymes so that they can break down the
complex food into simpler molecules so
enzymes released by lysosomes enter the
food vacuole
the term is known as intracellular
so the same process will happen in case
of Paramecium also lysosomes will
release some enzymes those enzymes will
enter inside this virtual and they will
break down the complex food into simpler
ones that is it for absorption the
digested food diffuses to cytoplasm and
the food vacuole shrinks so inside the
food vacuole is our food so now due to
the action of the enzymes inside the
food vacuole the food is digested so the
digested food will come out of the food
vacuole so so one is the content of the
food vacuole is empty the food vacuole
will shrink and now the digested food
will remain in the cytoplasm right
assimilation absorbed food nutrients are
stored and utilized later for some
places the same thing here is action
undigested food expelled out through
animal bone so here in case of a
Paramecium we have an animal for
somewhere here so through the annal pore
the undigested food is expand out so
unlike amoeba where the undigested food
was expelled out from anywhere through
the surface but here we have a specific
handle pool so the some changes which
were there information is that here we
have a specific or location through
which in lake of food happens that is
the oral groove similarly there is a
specific location from where the waste
products are excreted that is the animal
pool right so here what did we see the
shrink the vacuole and the undigested
food they will reach the annal poor then
the poor will rupture and will expel
them out so now we are we are getting
some idea on how holosuite nutrition
takes place in different animals right
but so far we were talking only about
the simple unicellular angles so here we
are
only one say now once we get into the
multicellular animals the complexity
increases to a very large extent because
there are so many cells and the cells
are grouped together to perform specific
functions right thank you please visit
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