Agricultural Engineering Exam > Agricultural Engineering Notes > Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg > Methods of Levelling - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Levelling
Methods of Levelling - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Levelling | Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering PDF Download
RISE AND FALL METHOD
- The staff readings of the points observed from the same setting of the instrument are compared.
- It is found whether a point is above or below the preceding point.
- If the point is above, the staff reading will be less than the preceding point. The difference between the staff readings is called rise.
- If the point is below the preceding point, the staff reading will be greater than that at the preceding point. The difference between the staff readings is termed fall.
The difference between the staff readings at P and Q
= 2.10 – 1.80 = 0.30 (rise)
Hence, level of Q = Elevation of P + Rise
= 100.00+0.30 = 100.30 m
Back sight | Intermediate station | Fore sight | Rise | Fall | Reduced Level | Remarks |
1.245 | 100.00 | BM | ||||
2.100 | 0.855 | 99.145 | ||||
2.425 | 0.810 | 1.290 | 100.435 | STATION A | ||
0.480 | 1.945 | 102.380 | STATION B | |||
∑BS 3.670 | ∑FS 1.290 | ∑RISE 3.235 | ∑FALL 0.855 |
Arithmetical Check of Rise and Fall method
∑ B.S - ∑F.S = ∑Rise - ∑ Fall = Last R.L – First R.L.
3.670 – 1.290 = 3.235 – 0.855 = 102.380 – 100.00
2.380 = 2.380 = 2.380
Height of collimation or Height of instrument method: In this method, the height of the instrument is established for each setting of the instrument and the reduced level of the new point is arrived by detecting the fore sight reading of that point.
The document Methods of Levelling - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Levelling | Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering is a part of the Agricultural Engineering Course Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg.
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FAQs on Methods of Levelling - Simple Levelling and Fly Levelling methods, Surveying and Levelling - Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg - Agricultural Engineering
| 1. What is simple levelling? |  |
Ans. Simple levelling is a method used in surveying and levelling to determine the difference in height between two points. It involves using a levelling instrument, such as a dumpy level or a theodolite, to measure the vertical distance between the points.
| 2. How does fly levelling differ from simple levelling? | |
Ans. Fly levelling is a more advanced method of levelling compared to simple levelling. In fly levelling, a series of levelling points are established, and the instrument is moved from one point to another without having to re-establish the line of sight. This method allows for faster and more efficient levelling over large areas.
| 3. What is the role of surveying and levelling in agricultural engineering? | |
Ans. Surveying and levelling play a crucial role in agricultural engineering. They are used to determine the topography and contours of agricultural land, which helps in planning and designing irrigation systems, drainage systems, and land leveling. Accurate levelling also ensures proper water distribution and minimizes soil erosion.
| 4. What are the advantages of using the simple levelling method? | |
Ans. The simple levelling method has several advantages. It is relatively easy to understand and implement, making it suitable for beginners in surveying. It also requires minimal equipment, making it cost-effective. Additionally, the simple levelling method provides accurate results for smaller areas or when precise measurements are not required.
| 5. Is fly levelling suitable for all types of surveying projects? | |
Ans. While fly levelling offers advantages in terms of speed and efficiency, it may not be suitable for all types of surveying projects. Fly levelling is more commonly used for large-scale projects, such as highway construction or pipeline installations. For smaller-scale projects or areas with complex terrain, simple levelling or other methods may be more appropriate.
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