Q.1. Among the terms listed below, those that are not technically correct names for a floral whorl are:
i. Androecium
ii. Carpel
iii. Corolla
iv. Sepal
(a) i and iv
(b) iii and iv
(c) ii and iv
(d) i and ii
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.2. The embryo sac is to ovule as _______ is to an anther.
(a) Stamen
(b) Filament
(c) Pollen grain
(d) Androecium
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.3. In a typically complete, bisexual and hypogynous flower, the arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the outermost to the innermost is:
(a) Calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium
(b) Calyx, corolla, gynoecium and androecium
(c) Gynoecium, androecium, corolla and calyx
(d) Androecium, gynoecium, corolla and calyx
Ans. (a)
Solution:
Arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the outermost to the innermost is :
► Calyx → Corolla → Androecium → Gynoecium.
Q.4. A dicotyledonous plant bears flowers but never produces fruits and seeds. The most probable cause for the above situation is:
(a) Plant is dioecious and bears only pistillate flowers.
(b) Plant is dioecious and bears both pistillate and staminate flowers.
(c) Plant is monoecious.
(d) Plant is dioecious and bears only staminate flowers.
Ans. (d)
Solution: A dicotyledonous plant bears flowers but never produces fruits and seeds because it is dioecious and bears only staminate flowers.
Q.5. The outermost and innermost wall layers of microsporangium in an anther are respectively:
(a) Endothecium and tapetum
(b) Epidermis and endodermis
(c) Epidermis and middle layer
(d) Epidermis and tapetum
Ans. (d)
Solution:
Wall layers of microsporangium in an anther are:
MicrosporangiumQ.6. During microsporogenesis, meiosis occurs in:
(a) Endothecium
(b) Microspore mother cells
(c) Microspore tetrads
(d) Pollen grains
Ans. (b)
Solution: During microsporogenesis, meiosis occurs in microspore mother cells.
Q.7. From Among the sets of terms given below, identify those that are associated with the gynoecium.
(a) Stigma, ovule, embryo sac, placenta
(b) Thalamus, pistil, style, ovule
(c) Ovule, ovary, embryo sac, tapetum
(d) Ovule, stamen, ovary, embryo sac
Ans. (a)
Solution: Stigma, ovule, embryo sac and placenta are associated with the gynoecium.
Q.8. Starting from the innermost part, the correct sequence of parts in an ovule is:
(a) Egg, nucellus, embryo sac, integument
(b) Egg, embryo sac, nucellus, integument
(c) Embryo sac, nucellus, integument, egg
(d) Egg, integument, embryo sac, nucellus
Ans. (b)
Solution:
The correct sequence of parts in an ovule is:
Ovule
So, the correct answer is 'Egg, embryo sac, nucellus, integument.'
Q.9. From the statements given below, choose the option that are true for a typical female gametophyte of a flowering plant:
i. It is 8-nucleate and 7-celled at maturity.
ii. It is free-nuclear during the development.
iii. It is situated inside the integument but outside the nucellus.
iv. It has an egg apparatus situated at the chalazal end.
(a) i and iv
(b) ii and iii
(c) i and ii
(d) ii and iv
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.10. Autogamy can occur in a chasmogamous flower if:
(a) Pollen matures before the maturity of an ovule.
(b) Ovules mature before the maturity of pollen.
(c) Both pollen and ovules mature simultaneously.
(d) Both anther and stigma are of equal lengths.
Ans. (c)
Solution: In a normal flower that opens and exposes the anthers and stigma complete autogamy is rare.
Autogamy in such flowers requires synchrony in pollen release and stigma receptivity. Also, the anthers and the stigma should lie close to each other so that self-pollination can occur.
Q.11. Choose the correct statement from the following:
(a) Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy.
(b) Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy.
(c) Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy.
(d) Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy.
Ans. (a)
Solution:
Q.12. A particular species of the plant produces light, non-sticky pollen in large numbers and its stigmas are long and feathery. These modifications facilitate pollination by:
(a) Insects
(b) Water
(c) Wind
(d) Animals
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.13. From among the situations given below, choose the one that prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy.
(a) Monoecious plant bearing unisexual flowers.
(b) Dioecious plant bearing only male or female flowers.
(c) Monoecious plant with bisexual flowers.
(d) Dioecious plant with bisexual flowers.
Ans. (b)
Solution:
Q.14. In a fertilised embryo sac, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures are:
(a) Synergid, zygote and primary endosperm nucleus.
(b) Synergid, antipodal and polar nuclei.
(c) Antipodal, synergid and primary endosperm nucleus.
(d) Synergid, polar nuclei and zygote.
Ans. (a)
Solution:
Q.15. In an embryo sac, the cells that degenerate after fertilisation are:
(a) Synergids and primary endosperm cell
(b) Synergids and antipodals
(c) Antipodals and primary endosperm cell
(d) Egg and antipodals
Ans. (b)
Solution: In an embryo sac, synergies, and antipodals degenerate after fertilization.
The following conversion takes place:
Q.16. While planning for an artificial hybridization programme involving dioecious plants, which of the following steps would not be relevant:
(a) Bagging of a female flower.
(b) Dusting of pollen on the stigma.
(c) Emasculation
(d) Collection of pollen.
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.17. In the embryos of a typical dicot and a grass, true homologous structures are:
(a) Coleorhiza and coleoptile
(b) Coleoptile and scutellum
(c) Cotyledons and scutellum
(d) Hypocotyl and radicle
Ans. (c)
Solution:
Q.18. The phenomenon observed in some plants wherein parts of the sexual apparatus is used for forming embryos without fertilisation is called:
(a) Parthenocarpy
(b) Apomixis
(c) Vegetative propagation
(d) Sexual reproduction
Ans. (b)
Solution:
Q.19. In a flower, if the megaspore mother cell forms megaspores without undergoing meiosis and if one of the megaspores develops into an embryo sac, its nuclei would be:
(a) Haploid
(b) Diploid
(c) A few haploid and a few diploid
(d) With varying ploidy
Ans. (b)
Solution:
Q.20. The phenomenon wherein, the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilisation is called:
(a) Parthenocarpy
(b) Apomixis
(c) Asexual reproduction
(d) Sexual reproduction
Ans. (a)
Solution: If the fruit is formed without fertilisation of ovary, it is called a parthenocarpic fruit.
Example: Banana and grape.
Q.1. Name the component cells of the ‘egg apparatus’ in an embryo sac.
Ans. Egg apparatus has three cells—one egg cell and two synergids.
Q.2. Name the part of gynoecium that determines the compatible nature of pollen grain.
Ans. The stigma of carpel/ pistil determines compatible nature of pollen grain.
Q.3. Name the common function that cotyledons and nucellus perform.
Ans. Both cotyledons and nucellus provide nourishment.
Q.4. Complete the following flow chart
Ans.
Q.5. Indicate the stages where meiosis and mitosis occur (1, 2 or 3) in the flow chart.
Ans. Stages:
Q.6. The diagram given below shows the path of a pollen tube from the pollen on the stigma into the embryo sac. Name the components of the egg apparatus.
Ans. Components of egg apparatus: one egg cell and two synergids.
Egg
Q.7. Name the parts of the pistil which develop into fruit and seeds.
Ans. Ovary of pistil develops into the fruit while ovules develop into seeds.
Q.8. In the case of polyembryony, if an embryo develops from the synergid and another from the nucellus which is haploid and which is diploid?
Ans. Synergid embryo is haploid, and the nucellar embryo is diploid.
Q.9. Can an unfertilised, apomictic embryo sac give rise to a diploid embryo? If yes, then how?
Ans. Yes, if the embryo develops from the cells of nucellus or integument, it will be diploid.
Q.10. Which are the three cells found in a pollen grain when it is shed at the three celled stage?
Ans. One vegetative cell and two male gametes.
Q.11. What is self-incompatibility?
Ans. The device to prevent inbreeding is self-incompatibility or self-sterility. This is a genetic mechanism and prevents self-pollen (from the same flower or other flowers of the same plant) from fertilising the ovules by inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth in the pistil.
Q.12. Name the type of pollination in self-incompatible plants.
Ans. Xenogamy.
Q.13. Draw the diagram of a mature embryo sac and show its 8-nucleate, 7-celled nature. Show the following parts: antipodals, synergids, egg, central cell, polar nuclei.
Ans.
Q.14. Which is the triploid tissue in a fertilized ovule? How is the triploid condition achieved?
Ans. The triploid tissue in the ovule is the endosperm. Its triploid condition is attained due to the fusion of two polar nuclei and one nucleus of the male gamete (also called triple fusion).
Q.15. Are pollination and fertilization necessary in apomixis? Give reasons.
Ans.
Q.16. Identify the type of carpel with the help of diagrams given below:
Ans.
(a) Multicarpellary, Syncarpous pistil or Papaver
(b) Multicarpellary, apocarpous gynoecium of Michelia
Q.17. How is pollination carried out in water plants?
Ans.
Q.18. What is the function of the two male gametes produced by each pollen grain in angiosperms?
Ans.
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1. What is sexual reproduction in flowering plants? |
2. How do flowering plants reproduce sexually? |
3. What are the different types of pollination in flowering plants? |
4. What is the significance of sexual reproduction in flowering plants? |
5. What are the reproductive structures in flowering plants? |
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