Q1. Multiple choice questions
(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material.
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Sugar
(d) Jute
Ans: (b) Cement
Cement
(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA Steel
(d) MNCC
Ans: (b) SAIL
(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Jute
(d) Steel
Ans: (a) Aluminium
Aluminium
(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc?
(a) Steel
(b) Electronic
(c) Aluminium
(d) Information Technology
Ans: (b) Electronic
Q2. Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words.
(i) What is manufacturing?
(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
(iv) What are basic industries? Give an example.
(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
Ans:
(i) Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing. For example, paper is manufactured from wood.
(ii) Physical factors:
(a) Near to the raw material.
(b) Nearness to power i.e., sources of power generation.
(c) Climate particularly in the establishment of agro-based industries like cotton and jute textile.
(iii) Human factors:
(a) Labour may be skilled or unskilled.
(b) Transport facilities to bring the raw material to the industries and to take finished goods to the market.
(c) It should be close to the market so that goods may be purchased and consumed.
(iv) Basic industries are those industries which supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods e.g., iron and steel and copper smelting, aluminium smelting industries.
(v) The important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement are limestone, silica, alumina and gypsum.
Q3. Write the answers to the following questions in 120 words.
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?
Ans: (a)
Integrated steel plants | Mini steel plants |
(i) These are plants where all processes are handled in one complex from putting together raw material to steel making rolling and shaping. Thus manufactures all types of steel. | (i) These are small plants which specialise in one or two processes. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications. They use steel scrap and sponge iron. |
(ii) These plants being large need, big investment. | (ii) Being mini-plants these need less investment. |
(iii) These plants fulfil the need for local, national and international market. | (iii) These plant fulfil local needs. |
(iv) There are ten integrated steel plants in India. | (iv) There are more than 600 mini steel plants in India. |
(b) The following problems are being faced by this industry:
(c) Recent developments: Liberalisation and Foreign Direct Investment have led to a rise in the production capacity of steel industry. Efforts of private entrepreneurs have given a boost to the industry. However, there is a need to allocate resources for research and development to produce steel more competitively.
(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
Ans: Industries pollute the environment in four ways as given below:
(a) Air pollution:
(b) Water pollution:
(c) Thermal pollution:
(d) Noise pollution:
Industries Pollute the Environment
(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry?
Ans: Steps to minimise environmental degradation:
Minimise Environment Degradation by Industry
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