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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties

Q1: State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.
Ans:  The various functions of political parties in a democracy are:NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties

  • Contesting elections: Political parties select candidates to run for office, making elections competitive.
  • Law-making: Parties play a vital role in creating laws, as the ruling party usually holds the majority in the legislature.
  • Forming governments: Parties manage the government, making key policy decisions and appointing ministers.
  • Providing opposition: Parties not in power offer alternative views, ensuring a balance of power.
  • Influencing public opinion: Parties raise important issues, shaping discussions between citizens and the government.
  • Connecting citizens: Party members assist people in accessing government services, making them more approachable than officials.


Q2: What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
Or
Examine the main ‘challenges’ before ‘political parties.’
Ans:  Main challenges before political parties:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties(i) Lack of internal democracy: Across the globe, political parties often concentrate power on a few top leaders.
(ii) Dynastic succession is related to the first one: A rule where one family governs forever without change goes against democracy.
(iii) Money and muscle power: Rich people and companies who give funds to the parties tend to have influence on the policies and decisions of the party.
(iv) No meaningful choice: Recently, ideological differences among parties have decreased globally. Parties are becoming more similar, and leaders often switch between parties, making it hard for voters to choose between distinct options. For instance, in Britain, the gap between the Labour Party and the Conservative Party is quite small.
(v) Casteism and religion: They have always been challenges. People prefer to vote for the representatives of their own caste and religion.

Q3: Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well?
Ans: 
(i) Internal Affairs:  A law should be made to regulate internal affairs of political parties. There should be open elections for all posts.
(ii) Women candidates: It should be mandatory to give one-third tickets to women candidates.
(iii) State funding of elections: Introduce state funding for elections to reduce the influence of money. This could include support in kind, such as petrol, or cash based on previous election votes.
(iv) Background checks: The parties should not allow candidates who have criminal records to contest elections.

Q4: What is a political party?
Ans: political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. A political party has three important components:
(i) Party leadership
(ii) Party members
(iii) Party followers.
Political parties contest elections and occupy political offices to exercise political power.


Q5: What are the characteristics of a political party?
Ans:  Characteristics of a political party

  • A political party is a group that joins forces to compete in elections and govern. 
  • They agree on policies and programs to promote the common good. 
  • Parties present their policies as the best option, reflecting the diverse views within society
  • They aim to implement these policies by gaining support through elections. 
  • Parties represent different segments of society and reflect political divisions, so they are defined by the interests they support and the policies they advocate. 


Q6: A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a ___________.
Ans: A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a political party.

Q7: Match List I (organisations and struggles) with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties

 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties

Ans:

 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties


Q8: Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party?
Α. Kanshi Ram
Β. Sahu Maharaj
C. Β.R. Ambedker
D. Jotiba Phule

Ans: Α. Kanshi Ram

Kanshi Ram founded the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in 1984. He established the party with the goal of representing and empowering the marginalized and disadvantaged sections of society, particularly those from Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. 


Q9: What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party?
A. Bahujan Samaj
B. Revolutionary democracy
C. Integral humanism
D. Modernity

Ans: C. Integral humanism.

The guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is Integral Humanism, which was articulated by its founder, Deendayal Upadhyaya. This philosophy emphasizes the integration of spiritual and material progress, advocating for a balanced approach to development that respects Indian cultural values and seeks to achieve a harmonious and just society.

Bhartiya Janta PartyBhartiya Janta Party

Q10: Consider the following statements on parties.
(a) Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people.
(b) Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top party leaders.
(c) Parties are not necessary to run governments.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) A and C

Ans: (b) A and B

Political parties often struggle with public trust due to issues like corruption and ineffective governance, and scandals involving top leaders can further damage their credibility. However, it is incorrect to say that parties are not necessary to run governments. In fact, political parties are crucial for organizing elections, forming governments, and representing diverse interests in a democratic system. 


Q11: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
Muhammad Yunus is a famous economist of Bangladesh. He received several international honours for his efforts to promote economic and social development for the benefit of the poor. He and the Grameen Bank jointly, received the Nobel Peace Prize for the 2006. In February 2007, he decided to launch a political party and contest in the parliamentary elections. His objective was to foster proper leadership, good governance and build a new Bangladesh. He felt that only a political party different from the traditional ones woxild bring about new political culture. His party would be democratic from the grassroots level.
The launching of the new party, called Nagarik Shakti (Citizens’ Power), has caused a stir among the Bangladeshis. While many welcomed his decision, some did not like it. "Now I think Bangladesh will have a chance to choose between good and bad and eventually have a good government”, said Shahedul Islam, a government official. "That government, we hope, would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make fighting corruption and black money a top priority.”
But leaders of traditional political parties who dominated the country’s politics for decades were apprehensive. “There was no debate (over him) winning the Nobel, but politics is different - very challenging and often controversial”, said a senior leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Some others were highly critical. They asked why he was rushing into politics. “Is he being planted in politics by mentors from outside the country”, asked one political observer.
(a) Do you think Yunus made a right decision to float a new political party?
(b) Do you agree with the statements and fears expressed by various people?
(c) How do you want this new party organised to make it different from other parties?
(d) If you were the one to begin this political party how would you defend it?
Ans: 
(a) He has made the right decision. In a democracy, every citizen has a right to form a political party or join a political party.
(b) No, The statements and fears expressed by various people and apprehensions of the traditional political parties are baseless. Yunus has established Grameen Bank for the welfare of the people. He knows about the welfare of the people and will be successful in politics too.
(c) The new party should be organized on democratic lines. Organizational elections should be held regularly. There should be transparency in the working of the party. Due representation should be given to all sections of the society including women and minorities.
(d) I would defend the formation of the party on the ground that in a democracy, every citizen has a right to join or form a political party of his choice.

The document NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties is a part of the Class 10 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 10.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 - Political Parties

1. राजनीतिक पार्टियां क्या होती हैं और इनका महत्व क्या है?
Ans. राजनीतिक पार्टियां वे संगठन होती हैं जो चुनावों में भाग लेकर सत्ता हासिल करने का प्रयास करती हैं। इनका महत्व इस बात में है कि ये मतदाताओं के विचारों और समस्याओं का प्रतिनिधित्व करती हैं, नीति निर्धारण में योगदान करती हैं, और लोकतंत्र को सशक्त बनाती हैं।
2. भारत में प्रमुख राजनीतिक पार्टियों के नाम क्या हैं?
Ans. भारत में प्रमुख राजनीतिक पार्टियों में भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस (INC), भारतीय जनता पार्टी (BJP), आम आदमी पार्टी (AAP), राष्ट्रीय जनता दल (RJD), और बहुजन समाज पार्टी (BSP) शामिल हैं। ये पार्टियां देश की राजनीति में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती हैं।
3. राजनीतिक पार्टियों के प्रकार कौन-कौन से होते हैं?
Ans. राजनीतिक पार्टियों के मुख्य रूप से तीन प्रकार होते हैं: राष्ट्रीय पार्टियां, क्षेत्रीय पार्टियां, और विचारधारा आधारित पार्टियां। राष्ट्रीय पार्टियां पूरे देश में काम करती हैं, जबकि क्षेत्रीय पार्टियां विशेष राज्यों में सक्रिय होती हैं। विचारधारा आधारित पार्टियां किसी विशेष विचारधारा पर केंद्रित होती हैं।
4. राजनीतिक पार्टियों के चुनावी प्रक्रिया में क्या भूमिका होती है?
Ans. राजनीतिक पार्टियां चुनावी प्रक्रिया में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती हैं। वे उम्मीदवारों का चयन करती हैं, चुनाव प्रचार करती हैं, और मतदाताओं को अपनी विचारधारा और नीतियों से प्रभावित करने का प्रयास करती हैं। इसके अलावा, वे चुनावी नियमों का पालन करते हुए लोकतांत्रिक प्रक्रिया को सुनिश्चित करती हैं।
5. राजनीतिक पार्टियों के खिलाफ उठने वाले मुख्य आरोप क्या हैं?
Ans. राजनीतिक पार्टियों के खिलाफ मुख्य आरोपों में भ्रष्टाचार, चुनावी धोखाधड़ी, जातिवाद, और सांप्रदायिकता शामिल हैं। कई बार पार्टियां अपने स्वार्थ के लिए नीतियों को बदलने या जनता के हितों की अनदेखी करने का आरोप भी झेलती हैं।
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