NCERT Solution - The Mughal Empire Notes | Study Social Studies (SST) Class 7 - Class 7

Q 3: What were the central provinces under the control of the Mughals?
Ans. The central provinces under the control of the Mughals were Delhi, Sindh, Kabul, Mewar, Marwar, Gujarat, Bihar, Bengal, Orissa and Deccan.

Q 4: What was the relationship between the mansabdar and the jagir?
Ans. A jagir was a revenue assignment for the mansabdars. The mansabdars had the right to collect revenue from a jagir but they could not reside in or administer the jagir.

Let's Understand

Q5: What was the role of the zamindar in Mughal administration?
Ans. The Zamindars in the Mughal administration collected revenue from the peasants. They acted as intermediaries between the rulers and the peasants.

Q6: How were the debates with religious scholars important in the formation of Akbar's ideas on governance?
Ans. Debates with religious scholars helped Akbar in framing the idea of sulh-i kul of ‘universal peace’. By using such a policy of tolerance Akbar was able to formulate governance guidelines which were based on a system of ethics.

Q7: Why did the Mughals emphasise their Timurid and not their Mongol descent?
Ans. The Mughals emphasized their Timurid and not their Mongol descent because Ghengiz Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people. They prided themselves on the fact that Timur had captured Delhi in 1398.

Let's Discuss

Q8: How important was the income from land revenue to the stability of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The income from land revenue played an important role in establishing stability in the Mughal Empire. It strengthened the economic system of the Empire. The money collected was invested in building forts and was for the welfare of subjects. Its importance can be easily assessed from the fact that Todar Mal, Akbar's revenue minister, took a 10-year period to carry out the proper calculation of land revenue.

Q9: Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis?
Ans. It was important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis because:

• The empire had expanded to encompass different regions and provinces, thus it was needed to provide stability to the empire.
• The problems of common folks would be understood better by the people living with them.
• Mughal also didn’t want people to rebel against them on the issue of privileges to Turanis and Iranis.
• They came here to rule, so they needed to respect the diversity of the country in order to have control over it.