Individual Games and Sports I NCERT Solutions | Health and Physical Education for Class 10 PDF Download

Q.1. What are track and field events? Which of these also belong to the category of team sports?

(i) Track events: The track events are the events mainly conducted on the track. This events are some of the running events for some specified distances. The track events include Sprints (100 m , 200 m, 400 m ), Long distance (3000 m , 3000 m steeplechase, 5000 m ,10,000 m ) , Middle distance (800m, 1000 m ), relays ( 4×100 m , 400x 400 m ), Hurdles (110/100 m, 40 m)
(ii) Field events: The field events are the events that are mainly conducted on field. This events includes the events like throwing, jumping etc. This events are mainly organized for men and women too. Throwing events are Javelin throw, Discus throw, Shot Put etc. whereas jumping events are high jump, long jump, triple jump etc.

Q.2. What are the main track rules?

The main rules for the track are as follows :
Starting
(i) The race startup line should be marked 5cm wide in white
(ii) The start line should be marked curved, so that all the athletes get a chance to run for same distance to finish
(iii) Starting block is the track must be used for every types of races400 meter (should be treated as the first lap of 4×100 m, 4x 400 m)
(iv) Any athlete who starts wrongly, can be
(v) None of the athletes are permitted inside curve, they are supposed to run within their lanes
Running
(i) In all the races, while running the athletes have to keep themselves in one lane from start to
(ii) If incase any of the athlete leaves the lane, or stamps on the line which leaves it demarking (marking is rubbed), then that athlete may be
(iii) If any athlete quits the race by his own self shall not be allowed again to continue the race in the
(iv) If incase any athlete, blocks the path/way/lane of other athlete intentionally, then he can be disqualified from the
Finishing
(i) As the start line, the finishing line is also marked with 5cm white line wide, in which the competitors are positioned in such a way that the competitors are observed from head, neck, arms, legs, hands or feet) the vertical plane which reaches at the edge of the
(ii) The race is started with the smoke or the shot of the gun finishing touch which shall be recorded 1/100^th of a second if taken

Q.3. Describe the major rules that are observed in long jump?

The rules that are to be followed during the long jump are:
(i) The runner should start run up one meter far form the pit and from the 20 cm wide board.
(ii) To take off the board and a sand pit, the athlete must take the sprint within the length of the track. If any of the runners part (foot) goes beyond the takeoff board, is to considered to be as foul and which he does not receive any
(iii) The distance s measured from the takeoff board to the nearby pit made by the athlete.
(iv) There are availability of maximum 6 rounds/chances to best 8

Q.4. Describe the special features of triple jump and high jump?

The features of triple jump and high jump are as followed:
(i) High jump: This jump has the combination of running speedily, holding/lifting the body and jumping. In this jump, the jumpers runs at a maximum speed and then make a jump to cross the heighted bar, generally they are been protected by the cushions laid down from getting hurt. They should make a jump in such a way that the 4 meter bar should crossed without touching it. Firstly the bar is raised at a very low height, so that its easier for the jumper to make a jump. The bar is raised again to the next specified height after every round. The athlete who makes an attempt to clear the heighted bar, is allowed/selected for the next round. The athlete is ranked as per the maximum height they cross/clear in jumping. For every height, each athlete/competitor has maximum three trials. The athletes/competitors who fails in making clearing/crossing the bar at any height for three trials, the that athlete is terminated from the competition. The athlete has to take a short run up and near one foot to jump over the horizontal bar and falls back down on the cushion that is laid on the
(ii) Triple jump: just like the long jump, the triple jump also take place on the sand pit. Its another name is hop – step and jump. The athlete starts this event as the long jump dashing down the runway, leaping/jumping from the take off board, takes the first hop then takes a step and then finally jumps into the sand pit. The points are scored identifying the maximum long jump.

Q.5. Discuss the specific rules for shotput and discuss throw?

The specific rules for shotput and discuss throw are as follows:
(i) Shotput throw: The shotput metal ball (called as shot) for men’s/male athlete weight is 7.26 kg whereas 4kg weight to the female/women athlete. At the time of throwing the shotput, the athlete must remain in the circle of 2.135m (has diameter of 7 meter) and should not come out of the radius until the thrown ball is landed on the ground. The ball must be thrown with one arm only and should not be brought behind the shoulders. In shotput the athlete take and hold the ball near to his neck, moves it in a straight line or spin around for taking the balance of it, and when he gains the balance, he suddenly throws at a very far distance as much he can.
(ii) Discuss throw: In this event, the athlete has to stand in a circle of 2.5 meter (whose diameter is 8’-21/2”) which is also known as throwing circle. At the time of throwing the disc, the athlete is allowed to turn one and half times around and make a throw at far distance as he can. The discuss throwing disc/plate is made up of metal and wood, its weight for male/men athlete is 2kg whereas for females/women athlete its weight is 1kg. at the time of throwing a discuss, the athlete is required to remain/stay in the circle, until the discus lands on the ground. Afterwards also the athlete can leave the circle from rear half circle. If not then it will be treated as a fault, and throw will not be To gain the speed and proper balance, the athlete has to spin the disc and release it in the proper direction. The athlete who throws the disc at the maximum distance and in legal manner, win the event.

Q.6. How do you break a tie in high jump?

Firstly the bar is raised at a very low height, so that its easier for the jumper to make a jump. The bar is raised again to the next specified height after every round. The athlete who makes an attempt to clear the heighted bar, is allowed/selected for the next round. The athlete is ranked as per the maximum height they cross/clear in jumping. For every height, each athlete/competitor has maximum three trials. The athletes/competitors who fails in making clearing/crossing the bar at any height for three trials, the that athlete is terminated from the competition.

Q.7. How is high jump executed?

In this jump, the jumpers runs at a maximum speed and then make a jump to cross the heighted bar, generally they are been protected by the cushions laid down from getting hurt. They should make a jump in such a way that the 4 meter bar should crossed without touching it. Firstly the bar is raised at a very low height, so that its easier for the jumper to make a jump. The bar is raised again to the next specified height after every round. The athlete who makes an attempt to clear the heighted bar, is allowed/selected for the next round. The athlete is ranked as per the maximum height they cross/clear in jumping. For every height, each athlete/competitor has maximum three trials. The athletes/competitors who fails in making clearing/crossing the bar at any height for three trials, the that athlete is terminated from the competition. The athlete has to take a short run up and near one foot to jump over the horizontal bar and falls back down on the cushion that is laid on the ground.

Q.8. Describe various relay races?

The relays are of 4 x 100 meter and 4 x 400 meter. In this type of relay the runner has to run within the lane only in the track. The entire team has to run the entire one circuit/track in circular form. 4 x 400 meter the runner has to wait in the their own lane till the second runner legs passes the first bend, where the runner can leave their lanes and head towards the inner-most part of the circuit. For the second and third baton exchange team must stand together as per their positions. The team which is leading can take the inne5r lane where as the other slower team has to wait for the baton and then take the outer lane.

Q.9. In which events does the athlete take standing position to start the race.

The track events are the events mainly conducted on the track. This events are some of the running events for some specified distances. The track events include Sprints (100 m , 200 m, 400 m ), Long distance (3000 m , 3000 m steeplechase, 5000 m ,10,000 m ) , Middle distance (800m, 1000 m ), relays ( 4×100 m , 400x 400 m ), Hurdles (110/100 m, 40 m) etc. these are the some events where the athlete take standing position to start the race.

Q.10. Fill in the blanks:
(i) The standard tracks of ____ meter.

The standard tracks of 400 meter.

(ii) The hurdles event common for man and woman is ________.

The hurdles event common for man and woman is 100 m and 400 m

(iii) The diameter of discuss circle is _______.

The diameter of discuss circle is 8’-2¹/2 (2.5 meter)

(iv) The baton exchange area in relay event is _______. 

The baton exchange area in relay event is baton exchange zone.

Q.11. State whether True or False:
(i) Modern Olympic Games started at Greece in 1896.  

True

(ii) The weight of discuss for men is 1kg.  

False

(iii) The official women javelin size is 2.2 to 2.3 meters long and weighs 600 grams. 

True