Ans: The term 'industry' refers to an economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods (e.g., iron and steel industry), extraction of minerals (e.g., coal mining industry) or provision of services (e.g., tourism industry).
Iron & Steel Industry
(ii) What are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
Ans: Setting up an industry leads to the development and growth of that location.
The factors that affect the location of industries are:
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
Ans: The iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry because almost everything is either made from iron or steel or has been made using tools and machinery of these metals.
Examples like -ships, trains, vehicles; all are made largely of steel. Materials of our day-to-day use starting safety pin to our building in which we live, are made from steel. Without the use of iron no industry can run.
Q2: Distinguish between the following
(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry
Ans:
Agro-based industry | Mineral-based industry |
Uses plant and animal products as raw materials | Uses mineral ores as raw materials |
Source of employment for people in rural areas | Source of employment for people in rural as well as urban areas |
Examples: Dairy industry, cotton textile industry | Examples: Iron and steel industry, heavy machinery industry |
(ii) Public-sector and joint-sector industry
Ans:
Public-sector industry | Joint-sector industry |
Owned and operated by the government | Jointly owned and operated by the government and individuals or a group of individuals |
Example: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Steel Authority of India Limited | Example: Maruti Udyog Limited |
Q3: Give two examples of the following in the space provided.
(i) Raw materials: ____________ and _____________
(ii) End product: ____________ and _____________
(iii) Tertiary activities: ____________ and _____________
(iv) Agro-based industries: ____________ and _____________
(v) Cottage industries: ____________ and _____________
(vi) Co-operatives: ____________ and _____________
Ans:
(i) Raw materials: cotton and steel
(ii) End product: shirt and safety pin
(iii) Tertiary activities: banking and transport
(iv) Agro-based industries: dairy industry and cotton textile industry
(v) Cottage industries: pottery industry and basket-weaving industry
(vi) Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy
Q.1. (iv) Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
Ans: The cotton textile industry is one of the oldest industries in the world. In India, Mumbai was the first place which saw the establishment of a successful mechanized textile mill in 1854. Mumbai saw the rapid expansion of the cotton textile industry after this because of the following reasons:-
(i) Favourable climatic conditions such as warm and moist climate
(ii) Nearness of a port which facilitated import of machinery
(iii) Availability of raw material and skilled labour.
(v) What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Ans: Similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California: → Presence of high quality educational institutions, and advanced scientific and technological centres.
→ Pleasant climate and clean environment.
→ Presence of good quality, skilled workforce.
→ Access to markets.
→ Well-developed and well-connected.
Q 2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Silicon Valley is located in
(a) Bangalore
(b) California
(c) Ahmedabad
Ans: (b) California
(ii) Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and steel industry
(b) Cotton textile
(c) Information technology
Ans: (c) Information technology
(iii) Which one of the following is a natural fibre?
(a) Nylon
(b) Jute
(c) Acrylic
Ans: (b) Jute
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1. What are the different types of industries mentioned in Class 8 NCERT Solutions? |
2. How are primary industries different from secondary industries? |
3. What are the factors that determine the location of industries? |
4. How does the government support the growth of industries in a country? |
5. What are the challenges faced by industries in the modern era? |
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