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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History - The Three Orders

Q1: Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Ans:

Two features of early feudal society:
(i) The lord enjoyed special status. His order was supreme. Nobody could deny his order.
(ii) It was based on the lord peasants relationship. The peasants offered labour in the service of the service of their lord.
(iii) Early society was divided into three  orders .These order were the priests, nobles and the peasants. In reality the nobility played a very dominating role in the society.

Q2. How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe?
Ans:

Long term changes in population levels affected the economy and society:
(i) A number or towns came into being. They also became the centre of trade and commerce. Society became more advanced and civilized.
(ii) This change brought about new changes in agricultural production. Production reached at its peak. Good quality of goods was also produced .It increased the life expectancy rate.

Q3: Why did knights become a distinct group, and when did they decline?
Ans:

Local wars became the common feature of the European society during the 9th century. There was also a shortage of trained cavalry for these wars. The adroit horsemen were the need of the hour to win these localized wars among the nobles feudal. Taking the advantage of this situation, the knights became a distinct group precisely for the achieving this aim. The fall of feudal power paved the way for the way for the decline of knight during the 15th century.

Q4: What was the function of medieval monasteries?
Ans:

The places where few religious figures preferred to live during middle age Europe were as monasteries. The function of the medieval monasteries was:
(i) The monasteries also inspired the people to donate.
(ii) They also inspired the people to serve the sick.
(iii) They encourage to develop art and architecture.
(iv) The people living in monasteries inspired the people to lead a simple life.

Q5: Imagine and describe a day in the life of a craftsman in a medieval French town.
Ans:

Students are advised to answer this question with the help of their teacher. Following guidelines are given to  complete this task.
(a) Trading guilds controlled and supervised their activities and took great care of their needs.
(b) Craftsmen worked under the supervision of guilds. They were skilled persons.

Q6: Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.
Ans:

French serf:

They cultivated land that mainly belonged to the lord. Most of the produce from these lands were to given to the lord. The lord could decide their fate. As a whole their life was full of misery. They also had to work that belonged to the lord and most of the wages. They could not leave the estate without the prior permission of their master/lord and could not marry their child according to their wishes. They also had to work that belonged exclusively to the land and were given no wages.

Roman Slave:
Roman slaves were regarded as a form of property. They were treated as object or commodity which could be bought and sold in market. They have no right and identity of their own. They were forced to do work several hours. They were forced to produce more children, so that when they grew up, they could also made slaves.

The document NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History - The Three Orders is a part of the Humanities/Arts Course History Class 11.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History - The Three Orders

1. What is the significance of the Three Orders in the medieval society?
Ans. The Three Orders in medieval society represented the three main social classes: the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. The clergy held religious authority, the nobility held political and military power, and the commoners, also known as the Third Estate, consisted of peasants and craftsmen. These orders defined social hierarchies and determined the roles and privileges of individuals in society.
2. How did the Three Orders contribute to the stability of the medieval society?
Ans. The Three Orders contributed to the stability of medieval society by providing a hierarchical structure that maintained social order. Each order had its own rights, duties, and responsibilities, which helped in maintaining a balance of power. The clergy provided spiritual guidance, the nobility protected the people and maintained law and order, and the commoners worked the land and provided goods and services. This division of labor and responsibilities helped prevent conflicts and ensured the smooth functioning of society.
3. What were the limitations faced by each of the Three Orders?
Ans. Each of the Three Orders faced certain limitations in medieval society. The clergy, although they held significant power, were restricted by their religious duties and obligations. They were expected to lead a pious and celibate life and were bound by the rules of the church. The nobility, while enjoying political and military power, were expected to uphold the feudal obligations towards their king and provide protection to their subjects. The commoners, on the other hand, faced restrictions on their mobility and were often subjected to heavy taxes and feudal dues.
4. How did the roles of the Three Orders change over time?
Ans. The roles of the Three Orders underwent significant changes over time. With the rise of the middle class and the decline of feudalism, the commoners began to demand more rights and privileges. This led to the emergence of a new social class known as the bourgeoisie, which challenged the traditional order. The power of the clergy also declined with the Reformation and the rise of secularism. The nobility, although they retained their privilege and status, had to adapt to changing political and social circumstances.
5. Did the Three Orders exist in all medieval societies?
Ans. The Three Orders existed in most medieval societies, but their composition and power dynamics varied. In some societies, such as feudal Europe, the three orders were clearly defined and played a significant role in shaping the social and political structure. However, in other societies, such as Islamic civilizations or feudal Japan, different social classes and hierarchies existed. While the concept of social hierarchy was prevalent, the specific divisions and roles of the Three Orders might not have been identical to those in medieval Europe.
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