Q1. What were the social, economic, and political conditions in Russia before 1905?
Ans: The following were the social, economic, and political conditions in Russia before 1905:
(a) Social Conditions
(b) Economic Conditions
(c) Political Conditions
Q2. In what ways was the working population in Russia different from other countries in Europe, before 1917?
Ans:
Q3. Why did the Tsarist autocracy collapse in 1917?
Ans:
There was widespread anger against the Tsar's autocratic rule. The Russian people wanted an end to the war and peace, but the Tsar, who had mishandled the war, insisted on continuing it. The peasants, in particular, wanted land for themselves, but the corrupt government ignored their demands.
Workers also faced terrible conditions. They couldn't form trade unions or political parties to voice their concerns. Private industrialists ran most industries, and workers often received less than minimum wages and worked 12-15 hours a day with no set limits.
The Tsar's rule had become ineffective. He was corrupt, oppressive, and indifferent to the people's welfare.
Karl Marx's ideas inspired people to demand change.
The Tsar’s involvement and defeat in World War I was the final blow that led to the collapse of his rule.
Q4. Make two lists: one with the main events and the effects of the February Revolution and the other with the main events and effects of the October Revolution. Write a paragraph on who was involved in each, who the leaders were, and what the impact of each was on Soviet history.
Ans:
(a) The February Revolution
In February 1917, there were severe food shortages in the workers’ areas. Parliamentarians were against the Tsar’s decision to dissolve the Duma.
(b) The October Revolution
Q5. What were the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?
Ans:
Q6. Write a few lines to show what you know about
(a) Kulaks
(b) The Duma
(c) Women workers Between 1900 and 1930
(d) The Liberals
(e) Stalin’s Collectivisation Programme
Ans:
(a) Kulaks
(b) The Duma
The Duma was a consultative parliament that was created with the permission of the Tsar during the 1905 Revolution.
(c) Women Workers Between 1900 and 1930
(d) The Liberals
(e) Stalin’s Collectivisation Programme
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1. What were the main causes of the Russian Revolution? |
2. How did socialism develop in Europe during the 19th century? |
3. Who were the key figures in the Russian Revolution? |
4. What were the major events of the Russian Revolution? |
5. What impact did the Russian Revolution have on the world? |
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