Class 10 Exam  >  Class 10 Notes  >  NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 10  >  NCERT Textbook: पाठ 7 - नेताजी का चश्मा, क्षितिज II, हिंदी, कक्षा - 10

NCERT Textbook: पाठ 7 - नेताजी का चश्मा, क्षितिज II, हिंदी, कक्षा - 10 | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 10 PDF Download

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 Page 1


Lo
;a izdk'k dk tUe lu~~ 1947 esa bankSj (eè;izns'k)
esa gqvkA eSosQfudy bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ djosQ ,d
vkS|ksfxd izfr"Bku esa ukSdjh djus okys Lo;a izdk'k dk
cpiu vkSj ukSdjh dk cM+k fgLLkk jktLFkku esa chrkA
;s olqèkk if=kdk osQ laiknu ls tqM+s jgsA
vkBosa n'kd esa mHkjs Lo;a izdk'k vkt ledkyhu
dgkuh osQ egÙoiw.kZ gLrk{kj gSaA muosQ rsjg dgkuh laxzg
izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa lwjt dc fudysxk] vk,¡xs
vPNs fnu Hkh] vkneh tkr dk vkneh vkSj laèkku
mYys[kuh; gSaA muosQ chp esa fou; vkSj b±èku miU;kl
pfpZr jgs gSaA mUgsa igy lEeku] cuekyh iqjLdkj] jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj vkfn iqjLdkjksa ls iqjLÑr fd;k
tk pqdk gSA budk fu/u 2019 esa gqvkA
Ekè;oxhZ; thou osQ oqQ'ky fprsjs Lo;a izdk'k dh
dgkfu;ksa esa oxZ&'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ psruk gS rks gekjs lkekftd
thou esa tkfr] laiznk; vkSj ¯yx osQ vkèkkj ij gks jgs
HksnHkko osQ f[kykI
+
kQ izfrdkj dk Loj Hkh gSA jkspd fdLlkxksbZ
'kSyh esa fy[kh xb± mudh dgkfu;k¡ ¯gnh dh okfpd ijaijk
dks le`¼ djrh gSaA
Lo;a izdk'k
7
pkjksa vksj lhekvksa ls f?kjs HkwHkkx dk uke gh ns'k ugha gksrkA ns'k curk gS mlesa jgus
okys lHkh ukxfjdksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa] isM+&ikSèkksa] ouLifr;ksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa ls vkSj bu
lcls izse djus rFkk budh le`f¼ osQ fy, iz;kl djus dk uke ns'kHkfDr gSA
usrkth oQk p'ek dgkuh oSQIVu p'es okys osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa
osQ ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tks bl ns'k osQ fuekZ.k esa vius&vius rjhosQ ls
lg;ksx djrs gSaA dgkuh ;g dgrh gS fd cM+s gh ugha cPps Hkh blesa 'kkfey gSaA
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Page 2


Lo
;a izdk'k dk tUe lu~~ 1947 esa bankSj (eè;izns'k)
esa gqvkA eSosQfudy bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ djosQ ,d
vkS|ksfxd izfr"Bku esa ukSdjh djus okys Lo;a izdk'k dk
cpiu vkSj ukSdjh dk cM+k fgLLkk jktLFkku esa chrkA
;s olqèkk if=kdk osQ laiknu ls tqM+s jgsA
vkBosa n'kd esa mHkjs Lo;a izdk'k vkt ledkyhu
dgkuh osQ egÙoiw.kZ gLrk{kj gSaA muosQ rsjg dgkuh laxzg
izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa lwjt dc fudysxk] vk,¡xs
vPNs fnu Hkh] vkneh tkr dk vkneh vkSj laèkku
mYys[kuh; gSaA muosQ chp esa fou; vkSj b±èku miU;kl
pfpZr jgs gSaA mUgsa igy lEeku] cuekyh iqjLdkj] jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj vkfn iqjLdkjksa ls iqjLÑr fd;k
tk pqdk gSA budk fu/u 2019 esa gqvkA
Ekè;oxhZ; thou osQ oqQ'ky fprsjs Lo;a izdk'k dh
dgkfu;ksa esa oxZ&'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ psruk gS rks gekjs lkekftd
thou esa tkfr] laiznk; vkSj ¯yx osQ vkèkkj ij gks jgs
HksnHkko osQ f[kykI
+
kQ izfrdkj dk Loj Hkh gSA jkspd fdLlkxksbZ
'kSyh esa fy[kh xb± mudh dgkfu;k¡ ¯gnh dh okfpd ijaijk
dks le`¼ djrh gSaA
Lo;a izdk'k
7
pkjksa vksj lhekvksa ls f?kjs HkwHkkx dk uke gh ns'k ugha gksrkA ns'k curk gS mlesa jgus
okys lHkh ukxfjdksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa] isM+&ikSèkksa] ouLifr;ksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa ls vkSj bu
lcls izse djus rFkk budh le`f¼ osQ fy, iz;kl djus dk uke ns'kHkfDr gSA
usrkth oQk p'ek dgkuh oSQIVu p'es okys osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa
osQ ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tks bl ns'k osQ fuekZ.k esa vius&vius rjhosQ ls
lg;ksx djrs gSaA dgkuh ;g dgrh gS fd cM+s gh ugha cPps Hkh blesa 'kkfey gSaA
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
44
usrkth dk p'ek
gkynkj lkgc dks gj ianzgosa fnu oaQiuh osQ dke osQ flyflys esa ml dLcs ls xq”kjuk
iM+rk FkkA dLck cgqr cM+k ugha FkkA ftls iDdk edku dgk tk losQ oSls oqQN gh edku
vkSj ftls ck”kkj dgk tk losQ oSlk ,d gh ck”kkj FkkA dLcs esa ,d yM+dksa dk LowQy]
,d yM+fd;ksa dk LowQy] ,d lhesaV dk NksVk&lk dkj[kkuk] nks vksiu ,;j flusek?kj vkSj
,d Bks uxjikfydk Hkh FkhA uxjikfydk Fkh rks oqQN&u&oqQN djrh Hkh jgrh FkhA dHkh
dksbZ lM+d iDdh djok nh] dHkh oqQN is'kkc?kj cuok fn,] dHkh dcwrjksa dh Nrjh
cuok nh rks dHkh dfo lEesyu djok fn;kA blh uxjikfydk osQ fdlh mRlkgh cksMZ ;k
iz'kklfud vfèkdkjh us ,d ckj ^'kgj* osQ eq[; ck”kkj osQ eq[; pkSjkgs ij usrkth
lqHkk"kpanz cksl dh ,d laxejej dh izfrek yxok nhA ;g dgkuh mlh izfrek osQ ckjs
esa gS] cfYd mlosQ Hkh ,d NksVs&ls fgLls osQ ckjs esaA
iwjh ckr rks vc irk ugha] ysfdu yxrk gS fd ns'k osQ vPNs ewfrZdkjksa dh tkudkjh
ugha gksus vkSj vPNh ewfrZ dh ykxr vuqeku vkSj miyCèk ctV ls dgha cgqr ”;knk gksus
osQ dkj.k dkI
+
kQh le; mQgkiksg vkSj fp_h&i=kh esa cjckn gqvk gksxk vkSj cksMZ dh
'kklukofèk lekIr gksus dh ?kfM+;ksa esa fdlh LFkkuh; dykdkj dks gh volj nsus dk fu.kZ;
fd;k x;k gksxk] vkSj var esa dLcs osQ bdykSrs gkbZ LowQy osQ bdykSrs Mªkbax ekLVjµeku
yhft, eksrhyky thµdks gh ;g dke lkSai fn;k x;k gksxk] tks eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj
^iVd nsus* dk fo'okl fnyk jgs FksA
tSlk fd dgk tk pqdk gS] ewfrZ laxejej dh FkhA Vksih dh uksd ls dksV osQ nwljs cVu
rd dksbZ nks iqQV m¡QphA ftls dgrs gSa cLVA vkSj lqanj FkhA usrkth laqnj yx jgs FksA
oqQN&oqQN eklwe vkSj defluA I
+
kQkSth onhZ esaA ewfrZ dks ns[krs gh ^fnYyh pyks* vkSj ^rqe
eq>s [kwu nks---* oxSjg ;kn vkus yxrs FksA bl n`f"V ls ;g lIkQy vkSj ljkguh; iz;kl
FkkA osQoy ,d ph”k dh dlj Fkh tks ns[krs gh [kVdrh FkhA usrkth dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek
ugha FkkA ;kuh p'ek rks Fkk] ysfdu laxejej dk ugha FkkA ,d lkekU; vkSj lpeqp osQ
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Page 3


Lo
;a izdk'k dk tUe lu~~ 1947 esa bankSj (eè;izns'k)
esa gqvkA eSosQfudy bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ djosQ ,d
vkS|ksfxd izfr"Bku esa ukSdjh djus okys Lo;a izdk'k dk
cpiu vkSj ukSdjh dk cM+k fgLLkk jktLFkku esa chrkA
;s olqèkk if=kdk osQ laiknu ls tqM+s jgsA
vkBosa n'kd esa mHkjs Lo;a izdk'k vkt ledkyhu
dgkuh osQ egÙoiw.kZ gLrk{kj gSaA muosQ rsjg dgkuh laxzg
izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa lwjt dc fudysxk] vk,¡xs
vPNs fnu Hkh] vkneh tkr dk vkneh vkSj laèkku
mYys[kuh; gSaA muosQ chp esa fou; vkSj b±èku miU;kl
pfpZr jgs gSaA mUgsa igy lEeku] cuekyh iqjLdkj] jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj vkfn iqjLdkjksa ls iqjLÑr fd;k
tk pqdk gSA budk fu/u 2019 esa gqvkA
Ekè;oxhZ; thou osQ oqQ'ky fprsjs Lo;a izdk'k dh
dgkfu;ksa esa oxZ&'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ psruk gS rks gekjs lkekftd
thou esa tkfr] laiznk; vkSj ¯yx osQ vkèkkj ij gks jgs
HksnHkko osQ f[kykI
+
kQ izfrdkj dk Loj Hkh gSA jkspd fdLlkxksbZ
'kSyh esa fy[kh xb± mudh dgkfu;k¡ ¯gnh dh okfpd ijaijk
dks le`¼ djrh gSaA
Lo;a izdk'k
7
pkjksa vksj lhekvksa ls f?kjs HkwHkkx dk uke gh ns'k ugha gksrkA ns'k curk gS mlesa jgus
okys lHkh ukxfjdksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa] isM+&ikSèkksa] ouLifr;ksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa ls vkSj bu
lcls izse djus rFkk budh le`f¼ osQ fy, iz;kl djus dk uke ns'kHkfDr gSA
usrkth oQk p'ek dgkuh oSQIVu p'es okys osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa
osQ ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tks bl ns'k osQ fuekZ.k esa vius&vius rjhosQ ls
lg;ksx djrs gSaA dgkuh ;g dgrh gS fd cM+s gh ugha cPps Hkh blesa 'kkfey gSaA
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
44
usrkth dk p'ek
gkynkj lkgc dks gj ianzgosa fnu oaQiuh osQ dke osQ flyflys esa ml dLcs ls xq”kjuk
iM+rk FkkA dLck cgqr cM+k ugha FkkA ftls iDdk edku dgk tk losQ oSls oqQN gh edku
vkSj ftls ck”kkj dgk tk losQ oSlk ,d gh ck”kkj FkkA dLcs esa ,d yM+dksa dk LowQy]
,d yM+fd;ksa dk LowQy] ,d lhesaV dk NksVk&lk dkj[kkuk] nks vksiu ,;j flusek?kj vkSj
,d Bks uxjikfydk Hkh FkhA uxjikfydk Fkh rks oqQN&u&oqQN djrh Hkh jgrh FkhA dHkh
dksbZ lM+d iDdh djok nh] dHkh oqQN is'kkc?kj cuok fn,] dHkh dcwrjksa dh Nrjh
cuok nh rks dHkh dfo lEesyu djok fn;kA blh uxjikfydk osQ fdlh mRlkgh cksMZ ;k
iz'kklfud vfèkdkjh us ,d ckj ^'kgj* osQ eq[; ck”kkj osQ eq[; pkSjkgs ij usrkth
lqHkk"kpanz cksl dh ,d laxejej dh izfrek yxok nhA ;g dgkuh mlh izfrek osQ ckjs
esa gS] cfYd mlosQ Hkh ,d NksVs&ls fgLls osQ ckjs esaA
iwjh ckr rks vc irk ugha] ysfdu yxrk gS fd ns'k osQ vPNs ewfrZdkjksa dh tkudkjh
ugha gksus vkSj vPNh ewfrZ dh ykxr vuqeku vkSj miyCèk ctV ls dgha cgqr ”;knk gksus
osQ dkj.k dkI
+
kQh le; mQgkiksg vkSj fp_h&i=kh esa cjckn gqvk gksxk vkSj cksMZ dh
'kklukofèk lekIr gksus dh ?kfM+;ksa esa fdlh LFkkuh; dykdkj dks gh volj nsus dk fu.kZ;
fd;k x;k gksxk] vkSj var esa dLcs osQ bdykSrs gkbZ LowQy osQ bdykSrs Mªkbax ekLVjµeku
yhft, eksrhyky thµdks gh ;g dke lkSai fn;k x;k gksxk] tks eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj
^iVd nsus* dk fo'okl fnyk jgs FksA
tSlk fd dgk tk pqdk gS] ewfrZ laxejej dh FkhA Vksih dh uksd ls dksV osQ nwljs cVu
rd dksbZ nks iqQV m¡QphA ftls dgrs gSa cLVA vkSj lqanj FkhA usrkth laqnj yx jgs FksA
oqQN&oqQN eklwe vkSj defluA I
+
kQkSth onhZ esaA ewfrZ dks ns[krs gh ^fnYyh pyks* vkSj ^rqe
eq>s [kwu nks---* oxSjg ;kn vkus yxrs FksA bl n`f"V ls ;g lIkQy vkSj ljkguh; iz;kl
FkkA osQoy ,d ph”k dh dlj Fkh tks ns[krs gh [kVdrh FkhA usrkth dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek
ugha FkkA ;kuh p'ek rks Fkk] ysfdu laxejej dk ugha FkkA ,d lkekU; vkSj lpeqp osQ
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Lo;a izdk'k
45
p'es dk pkSM+k dkyk iszQe ewfrZ dks iguk fn;k x;k FkkA gkynkj lkgc tc igyh ckj bl
dLcs ls xq”kjs vkSj pkSjkgs ij iku [kkus #osQ rHkh mUgksaus bls yf{kr fd;k vkSj muosQ psgjs
ij ,d dkSrqdHkjh eqLkdku iSQy xbZA okg HkbZ! ;g vkbfM;k Hkh Bhd gSA ewfrZ iRFkj dh]
ysfdu p'ek fj;y!
thi dLck NksM+dj vkxs c<+ xbZ rc Hkh gkynkj lkgc bl ewfrZ osQ ckjs esa gh lksprs
jgs] vkSj var esa bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡ps fd oqQy feykdj dLcs osQ ukxfjdksa dk ;g iz;kl
ljkguh; gh dgk tkuk pkfg,A egÙo ewfrZ osQ jax&:i ;k dn dk ugha] ml Hkkouk dk
gS ojuk rks ns'k&HkfDr Hkh vktdy e”kkd dh ph”k gksrh tk jgh gSA
nwljh ckj tc gkynkj lkgc mèkj ls xq”kjs rks mUgsa ewfrZ esa oqQN varj fn[kkbZ fn;kA
è;ku ls ns[kk rks ik;k fd p'ek nwljk gSA igys eksVs izsQeokyk pkSdksj p'ek Fkk] vc rkj
osQ izsQeokyk xksy p'ek gSA gkynkj lkgc dk dkSrqd vkSj c<+kA okg HkbZ! D;k vkbfM;k
gSA ewfrZ diM+s ugha cny ldrh ysfdu p'ek rks cny gh ldrh gSA
rhljh ckj fiQj u;k p'ek FkkA
gkynkj lkgc dh vknr iM+ xbZ] gj ckj dLcs ls xq”kjrs le; pkSjkgs ij #duk] iku
[kkuk vkSj ewfrZ dks è;ku ls ns[kukA ,d ckj tc dkSrwgy nqnZeuh; gks mBk rks ikuokys ls
gh iwN fy;k] D;ksa HkbZ! D;k ckr gS\ ;g rqEgkjs usrkth dk p'ek gj ckj cny oSQls
tkrk gS\
ikuokys osQ [kqn osQ eq¡g esa iku Bq¡lk gqvk FkkA og ,d dkyk eksVk vkSj [kq'kfe”kk”k
vkneh FkkA gkynkj lkgc dk iz'u lqudj og vk¡[kksa&gh&vk¡[kksa esa g¡lkA mldh rksan
fFkjdhA ihNs ?kwedj mlus nqdku osQ uhps iku Fkwdk vkSj viuh yky&dkyh cÙkhlh
fn[kkdj cksyk] oSQIVu p'esokyk djrk gSA
D;k djrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc oqQN le> ugha ik,A
p'ek psat dj nsrk gSA ikuokys us le>k;kA
D;k eryc\ D;ksa psat dj nsrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc vc Hkh ugha le> ik,A
dksbZ fxjkd vk x;k le>ksA mldks pkSMs+ pkS[kV pkfg,A rks oSQIVu fdnj ls yk,xk\
rks mldks ewfrZokyk ns fn;kA mnj nwljk fcBk fn;kA
vc gkynkj lkgc dks ckr oqQN&oqQN le> esa vkbZA ,d p'esokyk gS ftldk uke
oSQIVu gSA mls usrkth dh cxSj p'esokyh ewfrZ cqjh yxrh gSA cfYd vkgr djrh gS] ekuks
p'es osQ cxSj usrkth dks vlqfoèkk gks jgh gksA blfy, og viuh NksVh&lh nqdku esa
miyCèk fxus&pqus izsQeksa esa ls ,d usrkth dh ewfrZ ij fiQV dj nsrk gSA ysfdu tc dksbZ
xzkgd vkrk gS vkSj mls oSls gh izsQe dh njdkj gksrh gS tSlk ewfrZ ij yxk gS rks oSQIVu
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Page 4


Lo
;a izdk'k dk tUe lu~~ 1947 esa bankSj (eè;izns'k)
esa gqvkA eSosQfudy bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ djosQ ,d
vkS|ksfxd izfr"Bku esa ukSdjh djus okys Lo;a izdk'k dk
cpiu vkSj ukSdjh dk cM+k fgLLkk jktLFkku esa chrkA
;s olqèkk if=kdk osQ laiknu ls tqM+s jgsA
vkBosa n'kd esa mHkjs Lo;a izdk'k vkt ledkyhu
dgkuh osQ egÙoiw.kZ gLrk{kj gSaA muosQ rsjg dgkuh laxzg
izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa lwjt dc fudysxk] vk,¡xs
vPNs fnu Hkh] vkneh tkr dk vkneh vkSj laèkku
mYys[kuh; gSaA muosQ chp esa fou; vkSj b±èku miU;kl
pfpZr jgs gSaA mUgsa igy lEeku] cuekyh iqjLdkj] jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj vkfn iqjLdkjksa ls iqjLÑr fd;k
tk pqdk gSA budk fu/u 2019 esa gqvkA
Ekè;oxhZ; thou osQ oqQ'ky fprsjs Lo;a izdk'k dh
dgkfu;ksa esa oxZ&'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ psruk gS rks gekjs lkekftd
thou esa tkfr] laiznk; vkSj ¯yx osQ vkèkkj ij gks jgs
HksnHkko osQ f[kykI
+
kQ izfrdkj dk Loj Hkh gSA jkspd fdLlkxksbZ
'kSyh esa fy[kh xb± mudh dgkfu;k¡ ¯gnh dh okfpd ijaijk
dks le`¼ djrh gSaA
Lo;a izdk'k
7
pkjksa vksj lhekvksa ls f?kjs HkwHkkx dk uke gh ns'k ugha gksrkA ns'k curk gS mlesa jgus
okys lHkh ukxfjdksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa] isM+&ikSèkksa] ouLifr;ksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa ls vkSj bu
lcls izse djus rFkk budh le`f¼ osQ fy, iz;kl djus dk uke ns'kHkfDr gSA
usrkth oQk p'ek dgkuh oSQIVu p'es okys osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa
osQ ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tks bl ns'k osQ fuekZ.k esa vius&vius rjhosQ ls
lg;ksx djrs gSaA dgkuh ;g dgrh gS fd cM+s gh ugha cPps Hkh blesa 'kkfey gSaA
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
44
usrkth dk p'ek
gkynkj lkgc dks gj ianzgosa fnu oaQiuh osQ dke osQ flyflys esa ml dLcs ls xq”kjuk
iM+rk FkkA dLck cgqr cM+k ugha FkkA ftls iDdk edku dgk tk losQ oSls oqQN gh edku
vkSj ftls ck”kkj dgk tk losQ oSlk ,d gh ck”kkj FkkA dLcs esa ,d yM+dksa dk LowQy]
,d yM+fd;ksa dk LowQy] ,d lhesaV dk NksVk&lk dkj[kkuk] nks vksiu ,;j flusek?kj vkSj
,d Bks uxjikfydk Hkh FkhA uxjikfydk Fkh rks oqQN&u&oqQN djrh Hkh jgrh FkhA dHkh
dksbZ lM+d iDdh djok nh] dHkh oqQN is'kkc?kj cuok fn,] dHkh dcwrjksa dh Nrjh
cuok nh rks dHkh dfo lEesyu djok fn;kA blh uxjikfydk osQ fdlh mRlkgh cksMZ ;k
iz'kklfud vfèkdkjh us ,d ckj ^'kgj* osQ eq[; ck”kkj osQ eq[; pkSjkgs ij usrkth
lqHkk"kpanz cksl dh ,d laxejej dh izfrek yxok nhA ;g dgkuh mlh izfrek osQ ckjs
esa gS] cfYd mlosQ Hkh ,d NksVs&ls fgLls osQ ckjs esaA
iwjh ckr rks vc irk ugha] ysfdu yxrk gS fd ns'k osQ vPNs ewfrZdkjksa dh tkudkjh
ugha gksus vkSj vPNh ewfrZ dh ykxr vuqeku vkSj miyCèk ctV ls dgha cgqr ”;knk gksus
osQ dkj.k dkI
+
kQh le; mQgkiksg vkSj fp_h&i=kh esa cjckn gqvk gksxk vkSj cksMZ dh
'kklukofèk lekIr gksus dh ?kfM+;ksa esa fdlh LFkkuh; dykdkj dks gh volj nsus dk fu.kZ;
fd;k x;k gksxk] vkSj var esa dLcs osQ bdykSrs gkbZ LowQy osQ bdykSrs Mªkbax ekLVjµeku
yhft, eksrhyky thµdks gh ;g dke lkSai fn;k x;k gksxk] tks eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj
^iVd nsus* dk fo'okl fnyk jgs FksA
tSlk fd dgk tk pqdk gS] ewfrZ laxejej dh FkhA Vksih dh uksd ls dksV osQ nwljs cVu
rd dksbZ nks iqQV m¡QphA ftls dgrs gSa cLVA vkSj lqanj FkhA usrkth laqnj yx jgs FksA
oqQN&oqQN eklwe vkSj defluA I
+
kQkSth onhZ esaA ewfrZ dks ns[krs gh ^fnYyh pyks* vkSj ^rqe
eq>s [kwu nks---* oxSjg ;kn vkus yxrs FksA bl n`f"V ls ;g lIkQy vkSj ljkguh; iz;kl
FkkA osQoy ,d ph”k dh dlj Fkh tks ns[krs gh [kVdrh FkhA usrkth dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek
ugha FkkA ;kuh p'ek rks Fkk] ysfdu laxejej dk ugha FkkA ,d lkekU; vkSj lpeqp osQ
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Lo;a izdk'k
45
p'es dk pkSM+k dkyk iszQe ewfrZ dks iguk fn;k x;k FkkA gkynkj lkgc tc igyh ckj bl
dLcs ls xq”kjs vkSj pkSjkgs ij iku [kkus #osQ rHkh mUgksaus bls yf{kr fd;k vkSj muosQ psgjs
ij ,d dkSrqdHkjh eqLkdku iSQy xbZA okg HkbZ! ;g vkbfM;k Hkh Bhd gSA ewfrZ iRFkj dh]
ysfdu p'ek fj;y!
thi dLck NksM+dj vkxs c<+ xbZ rc Hkh gkynkj lkgc bl ewfrZ osQ ckjs esa gh lksprs
jgs] vkSj var esa bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡ps fd oqQy feykdj dLcs osQ ukxfjdksa dk ;g iz;kl
ljkguh; gh dgk tkuk pkfg,A egÙo ewfrZ osQ jax&:i ;k dn dk ugha] ml Hkkouk dk
gS ojuk rks ns'k&HkfDr Hkh vktdy e”kkd dh ph”k gksrh tk jgh gSA
nwljh ckj tc gkynkj lkgc mèkj ls xq”kjs rks mUgsa ewfrZ esa oqQN varj fn[kkbZ fn;kA
è;ku ls ns[kk rks ik;k fd p'ek nwljk gSA igys eksVs izsQeokyk pkSdksj p'ek Fkk] vc rkj
osQ izsQeokyk xksy p'ek gSA gkynkj lkgc dk dkSrqd vkSj c<+kA okg HkbZ! D;k vkbfM;k
gSA ewfrZ diM+s ugha cny ldrh ysfdu p'ek rks cny gh ldrh gSA
rhljh ckj fiQj u;k p'ek FkkA
gkynkj lkgc dh vknr iM+ xbZ] gj ckj dLcs ls xq”kjrs le; pkSjkgs ij #duk] iku
[kkuk vkSj ewfrZ dks è;ku ls ns[kukA ,d ckj tc dkSrwgy nqnZeuh; gks mBk rks ikuokys ls
gh iwN fy;k] D;ksa HkbZ! D;k ckr gS\ ;g rqEgkjs usrkth dk p'ek gj ckj cny oSQls
tkrk gS\
ikuokys osQ [kqn osQ eq¡g esa iku Bq¡lk gqvk FkkA og ,d dkyk eksVk vkSj [kq'kfe”kk”k
vkneh FkkA gkynkj lkgc dk iz'u lqudj og vk¡[kksa&gh&vk¡[kksa esa g¡lkA mldh rksan
fFkjdhA ihNs ?kwedj mlus nqdku osQ uhps iku Fkwdk vkSj viuh yky&dkyh cÙkhlh
fn[kkdj cksyk] oSQIVu p'esokyk djrk gSA
D;k djrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc oqQN le> ugha ik,A
p'ek psat dj nsrk gSA ikuokys us le>k;kA
D;k eryc\ D;ksa psat dj nsrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc vc Hkh ugha le> ik,A
dksbZ fxjkd vk x;k le>ksA mldks pkSMs+ pkS[kV pkfg,A rks oSQIVu fdnj ls yk,xk\
rks mldks ewfrZokyk ns fn;kA mnj nwljk fcBk fn;kA
vc gkynkj lkgc dks ckr oqQN&oqQN le> esa vkbZA ,d p'esokyk gS ftldk uke
oSQIVu gSA mls usrkth dh cxSj p'esokyh ewfrZ cqjh yxrh gSA cfYd vkgr djrh gS] ekuks
p'es osQ cxSj usrkth dks vlqfoèkk gks jgh gksA blfy, og viuh NksVh&lh nqdku esa
miyCèk fxus&pqus izsQeksa esa ls ,d usrkth dh ewfrZ ij fiQV dj nsrk gSA ysfdu tc dksbZ
xzkgd vkrk gS vkSj mls oSls gh izsQe dh njdkj gksrh gS tSlk ewfrZ ij yxk gS rks oSQIVu
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
46
p'esokyk ewfrZ ij yxk izsQeµlaHkor% usrkth ls {kek ek¡xrs gq,µykdj xzkgd dks ns nsrk
gS vkSj ckn esa usrkth dks nwljk izsQe ykSVk nsrk gSA okg! HkbZ [kwc! D;k vkbfM;k gSA
ysfdu HkkbZ! ,d ckr vHkh Hkh le> esa ugha vkbZA gkynkj lkgc us ikuokys ls fiQj
iwNk] usrkth dk vksfjftuy p'ek dgk¡ x;k\
ikuokyk nwljk iku eq¡g esa Bw¡l pqdk FkkA nksigj dk le; Fkk] ^nqdku* ij HkhM+&HkkM+
vfèkd ugha FkhA og fiQj vk¡[kksa&gh&vk¡[kksa esa g¡lkA mldh rksan fFkjdhA dRFks dh MaMh
isaQd] ihNs eqM+dj mlus uhps ihd Fkwdh vkSj eqloQjkrk gqvk cksyk] ekLVj cukuk Hkwy
x;kA
ikuokys osQ fy, ;g ,d e”ksnkj ckr Fkh ysfdu gkynkj lkgc osQ fy, pfdr vkSj
nzfor djus okyhA ;kuh og Bhd gh lksp jgs FksA ewfrZ osQ uhps fy[kk ^ewfrZdkj ekLVj
eksrhyky* okdbZ dLcs dk vè;kid FkkA cspkjs us eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj iVd nsus dk
oknk dj fn;k gksxkA cuk Hkh yh gksxh ysfdu iRFkj esa ikjn'khZ p'ek oSQls cuk;k
tk,µdk¡pokykµ;g r; ugha dj ik;k gksxkA ;k dksf'k'k dh gksxh vkSj vliQy jgk gksxkA
;k cukrs&cukrs ^oqQN vkSj ckjhdh* osQ pDdj esa p'ek VwV x;k gksxkA ;k iRFkj dk p'ek
vyx ls cukdj fiQV fd;k gksxk vkSj og fudy x;k gksxkA mI
+
kQ---!
gkynkj lkgc dks ;g lc oqQN cM+k fofp=k vkSj dkSrqdHkjk yx jgk FkkA bUgha [k;kyksa
esa [kks,&[kks, iku osQ iSls pqdkdj] p'esokys dh ns'k&HkfDr osQ le{k ureLrd gksrs gq,
og thi dh rjI
+
kQ pys] fiQj #osQ] ihNs eqMs+ vkSj ikuokys osQ ikl tkdj iwNk] D;k oSQIVu
p'esokyk usrkth dk lkFkh gS\ ;k vk”kkn ¯gn I
+
kQkSt dk HkwriwoZ flikgh\
ikuokyk u;k iku [kk jgk FkkA iku idM+s vius gkFk dks eq¡g ls Ms<+ bap nwj jksddj
mlus gkynkj lkgc dks è;ku ls ns[kk] fiQj viuh yky&dkyh cÙkhlh fn[kkbZ vkSj
eqloQjkdj cksyk&ugha lkc! oks y¡xM+k D;k tk,xk I
+
kQkSt esaA ikxy gS ikxy! oks ns[kks] oks
vk jgk gSA vki mlh ls ckr dj yksA I
+
kQksVks&oksVks Niok nks mldk dghaA
gkynkj lkgc dks ikuokys }kjk ,d ns'kHkDr dk bl rjg e”kkd mM+k;k tkuk vPNk
ugha yxkA eqM+dj ns[kk rks voko~Q jg x,A ,d csgn cw<+k efj;y&lk y¡xM+k vkneh flj
ij xkaèkh Vksih vkSj vk¡[kksa ij dkyk p'ek yxk, ,d gkFk esa ,d NksVh&lh lanwdph vkSj
nwljs gkFk esa ,d ck¡l ij V¡xs cgqr&ls p'es fy, vHkh&vHkh ,d xyh ls fudyk Fkk
vkSj vc ,d can nqdku osQ lgkjs viuk ck¡l fVdk jgk FkkA rks bl cspkjs dh nqdku Hkh
ugha! isQjh yxkrk gS! gkynkj lkgc pDdj esa iM+ x,A iwNuk pkgrs Fks] bls oSQIVu D;ksa
dgrs gSa\ D;k ;gh bldk okLrfod uke gS\ ysfdu ikuokys us lkI
+
kQ crk fn;k Fkk fd
vc og bl ckjs esa vkSj ckr djus dks rS;kj ughaA Mªkboj Hkh cspSu gks jgk FkkA dke Hkh
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Page 5


Lo
;a izdk'k dk tUe lu~~ 1947 esa bankSj (eè;izns'k)
esa gqvkA eSosQfudy bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ djosQ ,d
vkS|ksfxd izfr"Bku esa ukSdjh djus okys Lo;a izdk'k dk
cpiu vkSj ukSdjh dk cM+k fgLLkk jktLFkku esa chrkA
;s olqèkk if=kdk osQ laiknu ls tqM+s jgsA
vkBosa n'kd esa mHkjs Lo;a izdk'k vkt ledkyhu
dgkuh osQ egÙoiw.kZ gLrk{kj gSaA muosQ rsjg dgkuh laxzg
izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSa ftuesa lwjt dc fudysxk] vk,¡xs
vPNs fnu Hkh] vkneh tkr dk vkneh vkSj laèkku
mYys[kuh; gSaA muosQ chp esa fou; vkSj b±èku miU;kl
pfpZr jgs gSaA mUgsa igy lEeku] cuekyh iqjLdkj] jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj vkfn iqjLdkjksa ls iqjLÑr fd;k
tk pqdk gSA budk fu/u 2019 esa gqvkA
Ekè;oxhZ; thou osQ oqQ'ky fprsjs Lo;a izdk'k dh
dgkfu;ksa esa oxZ&'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ psruk gS rks gekjs lkekftd
thou esa tkfr] laiznk; vkSj ¯yx osQ vkèkkj ij gks jgs
HksnHkko osQ f[kykI
+
kQ izfrdkj dk Loj Hkh gSA jkspd fdLlkxksbZ
'kSyh esa fy[kh xb± mudh dgkfu;k¡ ¯gnh dh okfpd ijaijk
dks le`¼ djrh gSaA
Lo;a izdk'k
7
pkjksa vksj lhekvksa ls f?kjs HkwHkkx dk uke gh ns'k ugha gksrkA ns'k curk gS mlesa jgus
okys lHkh ukxfjdksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa] isM+&ikSèkksa] ouLifr;ksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa ls vkSj bu
lcls izse djus rFkk budh le`f¼ osQ fy, iz;kl djus dk uke ns'kHkfDr gSA
usrkth oQk p'ek dgkuh oSQIVu p'es okys osQ ekè;e ls ns'k osQ djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa
osQ ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrh gS tks bl ns'k osQ fuekZ.k esa vius&vius rjhosQ ls
lg;ksx djrs gSaA dgkuh ;g dgrh gS fd cM+s gh ugha cPps Hkh blesa 'kkfey gSaA
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
44
usrkth dk p'ek
gkynkj lkgc dks gj ianzgosa fnu oaQiuh osQ dke osQ flyflys esa ml dLcs ls xq”kjuk
iM+rk FkkA dLck cgqr cM+k ugha FkkA ftls iDdk edku dgk tk losQ oSls oqQN gh edku
vkSj ftls ck”kkj dgk tk losQ oSlk ,d gh ck”kkj FkkA dLcs esa ,d yM+dksa dk LowQy]
,d yM+fd;ksa dk LowQy] ,d lhesaV dk NksVk&lk dkj[kkuk] nks vksiu ,;j flusek?kj vkSj
,d Bks uxjikfydk Hkh FkhA uxjikfydk Fkh rks oqQN&u&oqQN djrh Hkh jgrh FkhA dHkh
dksbZ lM+d iDdh djok nh] dHkh oqQN is'kkc?kj cuok fn,] dHkh dcwrjksa dh Nrjh
cuok nh rks dHkh dfo lEesyu djok fn;kA blh uxjikfydk osQ fdlh mRlkgh cksMZ ;k
iz'kklfud vfèkdkjh us ,d ckj ^'kgj* osQ eq[; ck”kkj osQ eq[; pkSjkgs ij usrkth
lqHkk"kpanz cksl dh ,d laxejej dh izfrek yxok nhA ;g dgkuh mlh izfrek osQ ckjs
esa gS] cfYd mlosQ Hkh ,d NksVs&ls fgLls osQ ckjs esaA
iwjh ckr rks vc irk ugha] ysfdu yxrk gS fd ns'k osQ vPNs ewfrZdkjksa dh tkudkjh
ugha gksus vkSj vPNh ewfrZ dh ykxr vuqeku vkSj miyCèk ctV ls dgha cgqr ”;knk gksus
osQ dkj.k dkI
+
kQh le; mQgkiksg vkSj fp_h&i=kh esa cjckn gqvk gksxk vkSj cksMZ dh
'kklukofèk lekIr gksus dh ?kfM+;ksa esa fdlh LFkkuh; dykdkj dks gh volj nsus dk fu.kZ;
fd;k x;k gksxk] vkSj var esa dLcs osQ bdykSrs gkbZ LowQy osQ bdykSrs Mªkbax ekLVjµeku
yhft, eksrhyky thµdks gh ;g dke lkSai fn;k x;k gksxk] tks eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj
^iVd nsus* dk fo'okl fnyk jgs FksA
tSlk fd dgk tk pqdk gS] ewfrZ laxejej dh FkhA Vksih dh uksd ls dksV osQ nwljs cVu
rd dksbZ nks iqQV m¡QphA ftls dgrs gSa cLVA vkSj lqanj FkhA usrkth laqnj yx jgs FksA
oqQN&oqQN eklwe vkSj defluA I
+
kQkSth onhZ esaA ewfrZ dks ns[krs gh ^fnYyh pyks* vkSj ^rqe
eq>s [kwu nks---* oxSjg ;kn vkus yxrs FksA bl n`f"V ls ;g lIkQy vkSj ljkguh; iz;kl
FkkA osQoy ,d ph”k dh dlj Fkh tks ns[krs gh [kVdrh FkhA usrkth dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek
ugha FkkA ;kuh p'ek rks Fkk] ysfdu laxejej dk ugha FkkA ,d lkekU; vkSj lpeqp osQ
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Lo;a izdk'k
45
p'es dk pkSM+k dkyk iszQe ewfrZ dks iguk fn;k x;k FkkA gkynkj lkgc tc igyh ckj bl
dLcs ls xq”kjs vkSj pkSjkgs ij iku [kkus #osQ rHkh mUgksaus bls yf{kr fd;k vkSj muosQ psgjs
ij ,d dkSrqdHkjh eqLkdku iSQy xbZA okg HkbZ! ;g vkbfM;k Hkh Bhd gSA ewfrZ iRFkj dh]
ysfdu p'ek fj;y!
thi dLck NksM+dj vkxs c<+ xbZ rc Hkh gkynkj lkgc bl ewfrZ osQ ckjs esa gh lksprs
jgs] vkSj var esa bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡ps fd oqQy feykdj dLcs osQ ukxfjdksa dk ;g iz;kl
ljkguh; gh dgk tkuk pkfg,A egÙo ewfrZ osQ jax&:i ;k dn dk ugha] ml Hkkouk dk
gS ojuk rks ns'k&HkfDr Hkh vktdy e”kkd dh ph”k gksrh tk jgh gSA
nwljh ckj tc gkynkj lkgc mèkj ls xq”kjs rks mUgsa ewfrZ esa oqQN varj fn[kkbZ fn;kA
è;ku ls ns[kk rks ik;k fd p'ek nwljk gSA igys eksVs izsQeokyk pkSdksj p'ek Fkk] vc rkj
osQ izsQeokyk xksy p'ek gSA gkynkj lkgc dk dkSrqd vkSj c<+kA okg HkbZ! D;k vkbfM;k
gSA ewfrZ diM+s ugha cny ldrh ysfdu p'ek rks cny gh ldrh gSA
rhljh ckj fiQj u;k p'ek FkkA
gkynkj lkgc dh vknr iM+ xbZ] gj ckj dLcs ls xq”kjrs le; pkSjkgs ij #duk] iku
[kkuk vkSj ewfrZ dks è;ku ls ns[kukA ,d ckj tc dkSrwgy nqnZeuh; gks mBk rks ikuokys ls
gh iwN fy;k] D;ksa HkbZ! D;k ckr gS\ ;g rqEgkjs usrkth dk p'ek gj ckj cny oSQls
tkrk gS\
ikuokys osQ [kqn osQ eq¡g esa iku Bq¡lk gqvk FkkA og ,d dkyk eksVk vkSj [kq'kfe”kk”k
vkneh FkkA gkynkj lkgc dk iz'u lqudj og vk¡[kksa&gh&vk¡[kksa esa g¡lkA mldh rksan
fFkjdhA ihNs ?kwedj mlus nqdku osQ uhps iku Fkwdk vkSj viuh yky&dkyh cÙkhlh
fn[kkdj cksyk] oSQIVu p'esokyk djrk gSA
D;k djrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc oqQN le> ugha ik,A
p'ek psat dj nsrk gSA ikuokys us le>k;kA
D;k eryc\ D;ksa psat dj nsrk gS\ gkynkj lkgc vc Hkh ugha le> ik,A
dksbZ fxjkd vk x;k le>ksA mldks pkSMs+ pkS[kV pkfg,A rks oSQIVu fdnj ls yk,xk\
rks mldks ewfrZokyk ns fn;kA mnj nwljk fcBk fn;kA
vc gkynkj lkgc dks ckr oqQN&oqQN le> esa vkbZA ,d p'esokyk gS ftldk uke
oSQIVu gSA mls usrkth dh cxSj p'esokyh ewfrZ cqjh yxrh gSA cfYd vkgr djrh gS] ekuks
p'es osQ cxSj usrkth dks vlqfoèkk gks jgh gksA blfy, og viuh NksVh&lh nqdku esa
miyCèk fxus&pqus izsQeksa esa ls ,d usrkth dh ewfrZ ij fiQV dj nsrk gSA ysfdu tc dksbZ
xzkgd vkrk gS vkSj mls oSls gh izsQe dh njdkj gksrh gS tSlk ewfrZ ij yxk gS rks oSQIVu
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
46
p'esokyk ewfrZ ij yxk izsQeµlaHkor% usrkth ls {kek ek¡xrs gq,µykdj xzkgd dks ns nsrk
gS vkSj ckn esa usrkth dks nwljk izsQe ykSVk nsrk gSA okg! HkbZ [kwc! D;k vkbfM;k gSA
ysfdu HkkbZ! ,d ckr vHkh Hkh le> esa ugha vkbZA gkynkj lkgc us ikuokys ls fiQj
iwNk] usrkth dk vksfjftuy p'ek dgk¡ x;k\
ikuokyk nwljk iku eq¡g esa Bw¡l pqdk FkkA nksigj dk le; Fkk] ^nqdku* ij HkhM+&HkkM+
vfèkd ugha FkhA og fiQj vk¡[kksa&gh&vk¡[kksa esa g¡lkA mldh rksan fFkjdhA dRFks dh MaMh
isaQd] ihNs eqM+dj mlus uhps ihd Fkwdh vkSj eqloQjkrk gqvk cksyk] ekLVj cukuk Hkwy
x;kA
ikuokys osQ fy, ;g ,d e”ksnkj ckr Fkh ysfdu gkynkj lkgc osQ fy, pfdr vkSj
nzfor djus okyhA ;kuh og Bhd gh lksp jgs FksA ewfrZ osQ uhps fy[kk ^ewfrZdkj ekLVj
eksrhyky* okdbZ dLcs dk vè;kid FkkA cspkjs us eghus&Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj iVd nsus dk
oknk dj fn;k gksxkA cuk Hkh yh gksxh ysfdu iRFkj esa ikjn'khZ p'ek oSQls cuk;k
tk,µdk¡pokykµ;g r; ugha dj ik;k gksxkA ;k dksf'k'k dh gksxh vkSj vliQy jgk gksxkA
;k cukrs&cukrs ^oqQN vkSj ckjhdh* osQ pDdj esa p'ek VwV x;k gksxkA ;k iRFkj dk p'ek
vyx ls cukdj fiQV fd;k gksxk vkSj og fudy x;k gksxkA mI
+
kQ---!
gkynkj lkgc dks ;g lc oqQN cM+k fofp=k vkSj dkSrqdHkjk yx jgk FkkA bUgha [k;kyksa
esa [kks,&[kks, iku osQ iSls pqdkdj] p'esokys dh ns'k&HkfDr osQ le{k ureLrd gksrs gq,
og thi dh rjI
+
kQ pys] fiQj #osQ] ihNs eqMs+ vkSj ikuokys osQ ikl tkdj iwNk] D;k oSQIVu
p'esokyk usrkth dk lkFkh gS\ ;k vk”kkn ¯gn I
+
kQkSt dk HkwriwoZ flikgh\
ikuokyk u;k iku [kk jgk FkkA iku idM+s vius gkFk dks eq¡g ls Ms<+ bap nwj jksddj
mlus gkynkj lkgc dks è;ku ls ns[kk] fiQj viuh yky&dkyh cÙkhlh fn[kkbZ vkSj
eqloQjkdj cksyk&ugha lkc! oks y¡xM+k D;k tk,xk I
+
kQkSt esaA ikxy gS ikxy! oks ns[kks] oks
vk jgk gSA vki mlh ls ckr dj yksA I
+
kQksVks&oksVks Niok nks mldk dghaA
gkynkj lkgc dks ikuokys }kjk ,d ns'kHkDr dk bl rjg e”kkd mM+k;k tkuk vPNk
ugha yxkA eqM+dj ns[kk rks voko~Q jg x,A ,d csgn cw<+k efj;y&lk y¡xM+k vkneh flj
ij xkaèkh Vksih vkSj vk¡[kksa ij dkyk p'ek yxk, ,d gkFk esa ,d NksVh&lh lanwdph vkSj
nwljs gkFk esa ,d ck¡l ij V¡xs cgqr&ls p'es fy, vHkh&vHkh ,d xyh ls fudyk Fkk
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Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Lo;a izdk'k
47
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esa cSBdj pys x,A
nks  lky  rd
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fnu iku dh nqdku Hkh can FkhA pkSjkgs dh vfèkdka'k nqdkusa can FkhaA
vxyh ckj Hkh ewfrZ dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek ugha FkkA gkynkj lkgc us iku [kk;k vkSj èkhjs
ls ikuokys ls iwNkµD;ksa HkbZ] D;k ckr gS\ vkt rqEgkjs usrkth dh vk¡[kksa ij p'ek ugha gS\
ikuokyk mnkl gks x;kA mlus ihNs eqM+dj eq¡g dk iku uhps Fkwdk vkSj flj >qdkdj
viuh èkksrh osQ fljs ls vk¡[ksa iksaNrk gqvk cksyk µ lkgc! oSQIVu ej x;kA
vkSj oqQN ugha iwN ik, gkynkj lkgcA oqQN iy pqipki [kM+s jgs] fiQj iku osQ iSls
pqdkdj thi esa vk cSBs vkSj jokuk gks x,A
ckj&ckj lksprs] D;k gksxk ml dkSe dk tks vius ns'k dh [kkfrj ?kj&x`gLFkh&tokuh&¯”knxh
lc oqQN gkse nsusokyksa ij Hkh g¡lrh gS vkSj vius fy, fcdus osQ ekSosQ <w¡<+rh gSA nq[kh gks
x,A ianzg fnu ckn fiQj mlh dLcs ls xq”kjsA dLcs esa ?kqlus ls igys gh [k;ky vk;k fd
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: पाठ 7 - नेताजी का चश्मा, क्षितिज II, हिंदी, कक्षा - 10 - NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 10

1. नेताजी का चश्मा किस विषय पर आधारित है ?
Ans. नेताजी का चश्मा पाठ नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस के जीवन और उनके दृष्टिकोण पर आधारित है। यह कहानी उनके चश्मे के माध्यम से उनके विचारों, संघर्षों और स्वतंत्रता संग्राम में उनके योगदान को दर्शाती है।
2. इस पाठ में नेताजी के चश्मे का महत्व क्या है ?
Ans. नेताजी के चश्मे का महत्व इस बात में है कि यह उनके दृष्टिकोण और उनकी सोच को प्रतीकात्मक रूप से दर्शाता है। चश्मा केवल दृष्टि सुधारने का उपकरण नहीं है, बल्कि यह नेताजी की दूरदर्शिता और स्वतंत्रता के प्रति उनके दृष्टिकोण का प्रतीक है।
3. पाठ में नेताजी की कौन सी विशेषताएँ उजागर की गई हैं ?
Ans. पाठ में नेताजी की विशेषताएँ जैसे कि उनकी दृढ़ता, साहस, और देशभक्ति को उजागर किया गया है। वे हमेशा अपने देश के लिए संघर्ष करते रहे और उनके विचारों में एक स्पष्टता और गहराई है, जो पाठ को प्रेरणादायक बनाती है।
4. नेताजी का चश्मा कहानी का मुख्य संदेश क्या है ?
Ans. नेताजी का चश्मा कहानी का मुख्य संदेश यह है कि हमें अपने विचारों और दृष्टिकोण को स्पष्ट रखना चाहिए। नेताजी की सोच हमें यह सिखाती है कि स्वतंत्रता और देशभक्ति के लिए हमेशा संघर्ष करना चाहिए, चाहे परिस्थितियाँ कितनी भी कठिन क्यों न हों।
5. पाठ में नेताजी के चश्मे के माध्यम से कौन सी सीख मिलती है ?
Ans. पाठ में नेताजी के चश्मे के माध्यम से यह सीख मिलती है कि हमें अपने लक्ष्यों को प्राप्त करने के लिए दृढ़ता और साहस के साथ आगे बढ़ना चाहिए। यह हमें यह भी सिखाता है कि हमें अपने विचारों और दृष्टिकोण को सकारात्मक रूप से विकसित करना चाहिए।
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