PPT: Globalisation | Political Science Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


G l o b a l i s a t i o n
Page 2


G l o b a l i s a t i o n
The Concept of Globalisation
Everyday 
Examples
From Janardhan 
working at a call center 
serving American 
clients, to Ramdhari 
buying a Chinese-
manufactured bicycle, 
to Sarika pursuing 
career opportunities 
previously unavailable 
to women in her family 
- globalisation touches 
everyday lives in 
countless ways.
Understanding 
Flows
Globalisation 
fundamentally deals 
with flows - ideas 
moving between 
regions, capital shifting 
across borders, 
commodities being 
traded worldwide, and 
people migrating for 
better opportunities. 
The crucial element is 
the "worldwide 
interconnectedness" 
created by these 
constant movements.
Multidimensional 
Nature
Globalisation isn't 
purely economic, 
political, or cultural - it's 
all of these 
simultaneously. Its 
impact varies 
dramatically across 
societies and within 
communities. Context 
matters tremendously 
when assessing 
globalisation's effects.
Page 3


G l o b a l i s a t i o n
The Concept of Globalisation
Everyday 
Examples
From Janardhan 
working at a call center 
serving American 
clients, to Ramdhari 
buying a Chinese-
manufactured bicycle, 
to Sarika pursuing 
career opportunities 
previously unavailable 
to women in her family 
- globalisation touches 
everyday lives in 
countless ways.
Understanding 
Flows
Globalisation 
fundamentally deals 
with flows - ideas 
moving between 
regions, capital shifting 
across borders, 
commodities being 
traded worldwide, and 
people migrating for 
better opportunities. 
The crucial element is 
the "worldwide 
interconnectedness" 
created by these 
constant movements.
Multidimensional 
Nature
Globalisation isn't 
purely economic, 
political, or cultural - it's 
all of these 
simultaneously. Its 
impact varies 
dramatically across 
societies and within 
communities. Context 
matters tremendously 
when assessing 
globalisation's effects.
Causes of Globalisation
1
Historical Precedents
Flows of ideas, capital, commodities, and people have occurred 
throughout human history. What distinguishes contemporary 
globalisation is the unprecedented scale and speed of these exchanges, 
creating new forms of interconnectedness.
2
Technological Revolution
From the telegraph to the telephone to the microchip, technological 
advances have revolutionized communication between different parts of 
the world. These technologies enable ideas, capital, commodities, and 
people to move more easily across borders.
3
Global Consciousness
Beyond technology, globalisation requires people to recognize their 
interconnections with the rest of the world. Events in one region now 
visibly impact others - diseases, natural disasters, and economic shifts 
transcend national boundaries.
Page 4


G l o b a l i s a t i o n
The Concept of Globalisation
Everyday 
Examples
From Janardhan 
working at a call center 
serving American 
clients, to Ramdhari 
buying a Chinese-
manufactured bicycle, 
to Sarika pursuing 
career opportunities 
previously unavailable 
to women in her family 
- globalisation touches 
everyday lives in 
countless ways.
Understanding 
Flows
Globalisation 
fundamentally deals 
with flows - ideas 
moving between 
regions, capital shifting 
across borders, 
commodities being 
traded worldwide, and 
people migrating for 
better opportunities. 
The crucial element is 
the "worldwide 
interconnectedness" 
created by these 
constant movements.
Multidimensional 
Nature
Globalisation isn't 
purely economic, 
political, or cultural - it's 
all of these 
simultaneously. Its 
impact varies 
dramatically across 
societies and within 
communities. Context 
matters tremendously 
when assessing 
globalisation's effects.
Causes of Globalisation
1
Historical Precedents
Flows of ideas, capital, commodities, and people have occurred 
throughout human history. What distinguishes contemporary 
globalisation is the unprecedented scale and speed of these exchanges, 
creating new forms of interconnectedness.
2
Technological Revolution
From the telegraph to the telephone to the microchip, technological 
advances have revolutionized communication between different parts of 
the world. These technologies enable ideas, capital, commodities, and 
people to move more easily across borders.
3
Global Consciousness
Beyond technology, globalisation requires people to recognize their 
interconnections with the rest of the world. Events in one region now 
visibly impact others - diseases, natural disasters, and economic shifts 
transcend national boundaries.
Political Consequences
1
Erosion of State Capacity
Globalisation can diminish government's ability to perform traditional 
functions. The welfare state increasingly gives way to a minimalist 
state focused on core functions like law and order while withdrawing 
from economic and social welfare activities.
2
Rise of Market Forces
As states withdraw, markets become prime determinants of 
economic and social priorities. Multinational companies gain 
influence, potentially reducing governments' decision-making 
autonomy.
3
Enhanced State Power
Paradoxically, globalisation can simultaneously strengthen state 
capacity. New technologies enable better information collection 
about citizens, enhancing governmental control. States remain the 
fundamental basis of political community despite global pressures.
Page 5


G l o b a l i s a t i o n
The Concept of Globalisation
Everyday 
Examples
From Janardhan 
working at a call center 
serving American 
clients, to Ramdhari 
buying a Chinese-
manufactured bicycle, 
to Sarika pursuing 
career opportunities 
previously unavailable 
to women in her family 
- globalisation touches 
everyday lives in 
countless ways.
Understanding 
Flows
Globalisation 
fundamentally deals 
with flows - ideas 
moving between 
regions, capital shifting 
across borders, 
commodities being 
traded worldwide, and 
people migrating for 
better opportunities. 
The crucial element is 
the "worldwide 
interconnectedness" 
created by these 
constant movements.
Multidimensional 
Nature
Globalisation isn't 
purely economic, 
political, or cultural - it's 
all of these 
simultaneously. Its 
impact varies 
dramatically across 
societies and within 
communities. Context 
matters tremendously 
when assessing 
globalisation's effects.
Causes of Globalisation
1
Historical Precedents
Flows of ideas, capital, commodities, and people have occurred 
throughout human history. What distinguishes contemporary 
globalisation is the unprecedented scale and speed of these exchanges, 
creating new forms of interconnectedness.
2
Technological Revolution
From the telegraph to the telephone to the microchip, technological 
advances have revolutionized communication between different parts of 
the world. These technologies enable ideas, capital, commodities, and 
people to move more easily across borders.
3
Global Consciousness
Beyond technology, globalisation requires people to recognize their 
interconnections with the rest of the world. Events in one region now 
visibly impact others - diseases, natural disasters, and economic shifts 
transcend national boundaries.
Political Consequences
1
Erosion of State Capacity
Globalisation can diminish government's ability to perform traditional 
functions. The welfare state increasingly gives way to a minimalist 
state focused on core functions like law and order while withdrawing 
from economic and social welfare activities.
2
Rise of Market Forces
As states withdraw, markets become prime determinants of 
economic and social priorities. Multinational companies gain 
influence, potentially reducing governments' decision-making 
autonomy.
3
Enhanced State Power
Paradoxically, globalisation can simultaneously strengthen state 
capacity. New technologies enable better information collection 
about citizens, enhancing governmental control. States remain the 
fundamental basis of political community despite global pressures.
Economic Consequences
Trade
Liberalization
Capital Flow Technology
Transfer
Labor Migration
Economic
Inequality
Economic globalisation involves greater flows of commodities, capital, people, and ideas across borders. Trade restrictions have been reduced, allowing increased 
imports and exports. Capital now moves more freely between countries, enabling foreign investment. Ideas spread rapidly through technology like the internet.
However, people's movement remains restricted through visa policies that protect domestic labor markets. Critics describe economic globalisation as 
"recolonisation" that primarily benefits wealthy countries, while advocates argue it generates greater economic growth and well-being through specialization and 
trade.