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Plant Kingdom PPT Biology Class 11

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BIOLOGY CLASS XI,CHAPTER-03
Page 2


BIOLOGY CLASS XI,CHAPTER-03
? 1.ARTIFICIAL SYSTEM
? 2.NATURAL SYSTEM
? 3.PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEM
? 4.PHENETIC SYSTEM
Page 3


BIOLOGY CLASS XI,CHAPTER-03
? 1.ARTIFICIAL SYSTEM
? 2.NATURAL SYSTEM
? 3.PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEM
? 4.PHENETIC SYSTEM
? The earliest systems of classification used only
gross superficial morphological characters such
as habit, colour, number and shape of leaves,
etc.
? They were based mainly on vegetative
characters or on the androecium structure
(system given by Linnaeus). Such systems were
artificial system of classification.
? They separated the closely related species since
they were based on a few characteristics.
? Also, the artificial systems gave equal weightage
to vegetative and sexual characteristics; this is
not acceptable since we know that often the
vegetative characters are more easily affected
byenvironment.
Page 4


BIOLOGY CLASS XI,CHAPTER-03
? 1.ARTIFICIAL SYSTEM
? 2.NATURAL SYSTEM
? 3.PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEM
? 4.PHENETIC SYSTEM
? The earliest systems of classification used only
gross superficial morphological characters such
as habit, colour, number and shape of leaves,
etc.
? They were based mainly on vegetative
characters or on the androecium structure
(system given by Linnaeus). Such systems were
artificial system of classification.
? They separated the closely related species since
they were based on a few characteristics.
? Also, the artificial systems gave equal weightage
to vegetative and sexual characteristics; this is
not acceptable since we know that often the
vegetative characters are more easily affected
byenvironment.
? Based on natural affinities among the
organisms and consider not only the external
features, but also internal features, like
ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology and
phytochemistry.
? Such a classification for flowering plants was
given by George Bentham and Joseph Dalton
Hooker.
Page 5


BIOLOGY CLASS XI,CHAPTER-03
? 1.ARTIFICIAL SYSTEM
? 2.NATURAL SYSTEM
? 3.PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEM
? 4.PHENETIC SYSTEM
? The earliest systems of classification used only
gross superficial morphological characters such
as habit, colour, number and shape of leaves,
etc.
? They were based mainly on vegetative
characters or on the androecium structure
(system given by Linnaeus). Such systems were
artificial system of classification.
? They separated the closely related species since
they were based on a few characteristics.
? Also, the artificial systems gave equal weightage
to vegetative and sexual characteristics; this is
not acceptable since we know that often the
vegetative characters are more easily affected
byenvironment.
? Based on natural affinities among the
organisms and consider not only the external
features, but also internal features, like
ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology and
phytochemistry.
? Such a classification for flowering plants was
given by George Bentham and Joseph Dalton
Hooker.
? At present phylogenetic classification
systems based on evolutionary relationships
between the various organisms are
acceptable.
? This assumes that organisms belonging to the
same taxa have a common ancestor.
? These become more important when there is
no supporting fossil evidence.
? This system are given by Engler, Hutchinson
and modern by Takhtajan and Cronquist.
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FAQs on Plant Kingdom PPT Biology Class 11

1. What are the different groups of plants in the plant kingdom?
Ans. The plant kingdom is classified into various groups based on different characteristics. These groups include algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Algae are primarily aquatic and photosynthetic organisms, while bryophytes are non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts. Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce through spores, and gymnosperms are plants that bear seeds in cones. Angiosperms, also known as flowering plants, are the largest group and reproduce through flowers and seeds enclosed in fruits.
2. How do plants obtain nutrients in the plant kingdom?
Ans. Plants obtain nutrients in the plant kingdom through their roots. The roots of plants absorb water and essential minerals from the soil. Water is necessary for the process of photosynthesis, where plants convert sunlight into energy. In addition to water and minerals, plants also require carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis. Through a process called transpiration, plants also absorb nutrients dissolved in water through their leaves.
3. What is the importance of the plant kingdom in our ecosystem?
Ans. The plant kingdom plays a vital role in our ecosystem. Plants are primary producers, meaning they are capable of converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. This energy is then transferred to other organisms through the food chain. Plants also release oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis, which is essential for the survival of animals and other organisms that require oxygen for respiration. Additionally, plants help in maintaining the balance of gases in the atmosphere and play a crucial role in the water cycle.
4. How do plants reproduce in the plant kingdom?
Ans. Plants in the plant kingdom reproduce through various methods. Bryophytes and pteridophytes reproduce through spores. These spores are released from the parent plant and can germinate into new individuals under favorable conditions. Gymnosperms and angiosperms reproduce through seeds. Gymnosperms have seeds that are not enclosed in fruits, while angiosperms have seeds enclosed in fruits. Angiosperms further reproduce through flowers, where pollination occurs, and fertilization leads to the formation of seeds.
5. What are some examples of plants in the plant kingdom?
Ans. The plant kingdom consists of a wide variety of plants. Some examples include algae like seaweed and kelp, bryophytes like mosses and liverworts, pteridophytes like ferns and horsetails, gymnosperms like pine trees and cycads, and angiosperms like roses, sunflowers, and oak trees. These examples represent the diverse range of plants found in the plant kingdom, each with its unique characteristics and adaptations.
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