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Prime Time
Page 2


Prime Time
Introduction to Numbers
1
Prime Numbers
Numbers that can only be divided by 1 and 
themselves.
2
Composite Numbers
Numbers with more than two factors.
3
Common Multiples
Numbers that are multiples of two or more 
numbers. Example: 15, 30, 45 are common 
multiples of 3 and 5.
4
Common Factors
Numbers that divide two or more numbers 
exactly. Example: 1 and 2 are common factors of 
14 and 36.
Page 3


Prime Time
Introduction to Numbers
1
Prime Numbers
Numbers that can only be divided by 1 and 
themselves.
2
Composite Numbers
Numbers with more than two factors.
3
Common Multiples
Numbers that are multiples of two or more 
numbers. Example: 15, 30, 45 are common 
multiples of 3 and 5.
4
Common Factors
Numbers that divide two or more numbers 
exactly. Example: 1 and 2 are common factors of 
14 and 36.
The Idli-Vada Game
1
Basic Rules
Players count in sequence. When a multiple of 3 appears, say "idli." For multiples of 
5, say "vada."
2
Multiples of 3
Numbers like 3, 6, 9, 12... Players say "idli" instead of the number.
3
Multiples of 5
Numbers like 5, 10, 15, 20... Players say "vada" instead of the number.
4
Common Multiples
Numbers like 15, 30, 45... Players say "idli-vada" because these are multiples of 
both 3 and 5.
Page 4


Prime Time
Introduction to Numbers
1
Prime Numbers
Numbers that can only be divided by 1 and 
themselves.
2
Composite Numbers
Numbers with more than two factors.
3
Common Multiples
Numbers that are multiples of two or more 
numbers. Example: 15, 30, 45 are common 
multiples of 3 and 5.
4
Common Factors
Numbers that divide two or more numbers 
exactly. Example: 1 and 2 are common factors of 
14 and 36.
The Idli-Vada Game
1
Basic Rules
Players count in sequence. When a multiple of 3 appears, say "idli." For multiples of 
5, say "vada."
2
Multiples of 3
Numbers like 3, 6, 9, 12... Players say "idli" instead of the number.
3
Multiples of 5
Numbers like 5, 10, 15, 20... Players say "vada" instead of the number.
4
Common Multiples
Numbers like 15, 30, 45... Players say "idli-vada" because these are multiples of 
both 3 and 5.
Jump Jackpot Game
Game Setup
Grumpy hides treasure on a number (like 24). Jumpy can only land on multiples of his 
chosen number.
Winning Strategy
If Jumpy picks 4, he lands on 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24... and wins! Factors of 24 (like 6 or 12) 
also work.
Two Treasures Challenge
With treasures on 14 and 36, Jumpy needs a common factor. Number 2 works 
because it's a factor of both.
Understanding Common Factors
Common factors of 14 and 36 are numbers that divide both perfectly: 1 and 2.
Page 5


Prime Time
Introduction to Numbers
1
Prime Numbers
Numbers that can only be divided by 1 and 
themselves.
2
Composite Numbers
Numbers with more than two factors.
3
Common Multiples
Numbers that are multiples of two or more 
numbers. Example: 15, 30, 45 are common 
multiples of 3 and 5.
4
Common Factors
Numbers that divide two or more numbers 
exactly. Example: 1 and 2 are common factors of 
14 and 36.
The Idli-Vada Game
1
Basic Rules
Players count in sequence. When a multiple of 3 appears, say "idli." For multiples of 
5, say "vada."
2
Multiples of 3
Numbers like 3, 6, 9, 12... Players say "idli" instead of the number.
3
Multiples of 5
Numbers like 5, 10, 15, 20... Players say "vada" instead of the number.
4
Common Multiples
Numbers like 15, 30, 45... Players say "idli-vada" because these are multiples of 
both 3 and 5.
Jump Jackpot Game
Game Setup
Grumpy hides treasure on a number (like 24). Jumpy can only land on multiples of his 
chosen number.
Winning Strategy
If Jumpy picks 4, he lands on 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24... and wins! Factors of 24 (like 6 or 12) 
also work.
Two Treasures Challenge
With treasures on 14 and 36, Jumpy needs a common factor. Number 2 works 
because it's a factor of both.
Understanding Common Factors
Common factors of 14 and 36 are numbers that divide both perfectly: 1 and 2.
Prime vs. Composite Numbers
Prime Numbers
Numbers greater than 1 
that can only be divided 
evenly by 1 and 
themselves.
Example: 7 is prime 
because only 1 and 7 
divide it evenly.
Composite Numbers
Numbers with more than 
two factors.
Example: 12 is composite 
because it can be divided 
by 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
Special Case
The number 1 is neither 
prime nor composite.
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