PPT: Water | EVS & Pedagogy Paper 1 for CTET & TET Exams - CTET & State TET PDF Download

 Page 1


W a t e r
Page 2


W a t e r
Water
Renewable resource essential for 
sustenance of life.
Covers 3/4th of the Earth's 
surface. Only 3% fresh water. 
72.2% in glaciers, 22.4% ground 
water.
Fresh Water Resources
Consists of glaciers, rain water, 
ponds, lakes, large rivers. 
Essential for life. Can be recycled.
Salt Water Resources
Consists of oceans, seas etc. Not 
usable for drinking.
Page 3


W a t e r
Water
Renewable resource essential for 
sustenance of life.
Covers 3/4th of the Earth's 
surface. Only 3% fresh water. 
72.2% in glaciers, 22.4% ground 
water.
Fresh Water Resources
Consists of glaciers, rain water, 
ponds, lakes, large rivers. 
Essential for life. Can be recycled.
Salt Water Resources
Consists of oceans, seas etc. Not 
usable for drinking.
Properties of Water
Physical Properties
Water is a compound made up 
of hydrogen and oxygen and it 
is found in all three states i.e. 
solid, liquid and gas.
Density of water is maximum 
at 4°C.
Pure water is transparent, 
colorless, odourless and 
tasteless.
Water has no definite shape as 
mostly it is present in liquid 
form.
Evaporation
By heat water evaporates and it 
is converted into gaseous form 
from liquid form. Cloud 
formation usually takes place 
by the process of evaporation. 
In summer season, wet clothes 
dries easily as water is easily 
lost from the clothes because 
of process of evaporation. 
Evaporation takes at all 
temperature.
Freezing & 
Condensation
On cooling water below O° C 
freezing starts to take place. 
When due to decrease in 
temperature gaseous and vapor 
form of water converts into 
liquid. The process is called 
condensation.
Page 4


W a t e r
Water
Renewable resource essential for 
sustenance of life.
Covers 3/4th of the Earth's 
surface. Only 3% fresh water. 
72.2% in glaciers, 22.4% ground 
water.
Fresh Water Resources
Consists of glaciers, rain water, 
ponds, lakes, large rivers. 
Essential for life. Can be recycled.
Salt Water Resources
Consists of oceans, seas etc. Not 
usable for drinking.
Properties of Water
Physical Properties
Water is a compound made up 
of hydrogen and oxygen and it 
is found in all three states i.e. 
solid, liquid and gas.
Density of water is maximum 
at 4°C.
Pure water is transparent, 
colorless, odourless and 
tasteless.
Water has no definite shape as 
mostly it is present in liquid 
form.
Evaporation
By heat water evaporates and it 
is converted into gaseous form 
from liquid form. Cloud 
formation usually takes place 
by the process of evaporation. 
In summer season, wet clothes 
dries easily as water is easily 
lost from the clothes because 
of process of evaporation. 
Evaporation takes at all 
temperature.
Freezing & 
Condensation
On cooling water below O° C 
freezing starts to take place. 
When due to decrease in 
temperature gaseous and vapor 
form of water converts into 
liquid. The process is called 
condensation.
More Properties of Water
Universal Solvent
Water is a universal solvent. It has 
capacity to dissolve variety of different 
substances of all the known liquid water 
is the best solvent.
Density & Floating
Things that have density more than water 
will sink in water and things that have 
lesser density than water will float on the 
water. e.g. wooden boat, iron ship, empty 
plastic bottle, empty bowl, ice and soap 
with soap case will float in water, 
Whereas bowl filled with pebbles, iron, 
nail, needle, spoon, bottle full of water, 
soap cake etc. will sink in a water.
Lemon and egg when placed in pure 
water will sink in water, but when same 
lemon and egg are placed in water in 
which good amount of salt is present will 
float in water. This phenomenon can be 
explained by density.
Boiling vs Evaporation
Water is also converted into gaseous 
form by process of boiling. Boiling takes 
place at very specific temperature. It 
occurs in the whole water mass while 
evaporation took on the exposed water 
surface.
For boiling external energy source i.e. 
extra heat is required while evaporation 
does not need any external source of 
energy, atmospheric heat is sufficient for 
evaporation.
Page 5


W a t e r
Water
Renewable resource essential for 
sustenance of life.
Covers 3/4th of the Earth's 
surface. Only 3% fresh water. 
72.2% in glaciers, 22.4% ground 
water.
Fresh Water Resources
Consists of glaciers, rain water, 
ponds, lakes, large rivers. 
Essential for life. Can be recycled.
Salt Water Resources
Consists of oceans, seas etc. Not 
usable for drinking.
Properties of Water
Physical Properties
Water is a compound made up 
of hydrogen and oxygen and it 
is found in all three states i.e. 
solid, liquid and gas.
Density of water is maximum 
at 4°C.
Pure water is transparent, 
colorless, odourless and 
tasteless.
Water has no definite shape as 
mostly it is present in liquid 
form.
Evaporation
By heat water evaporates and it 
is converted into gaseous form 
from liquid form. Cloud 
formation usually takes place 
by the process of evaporation. 
In summer season, wet clothes 
dries easily as water is easily 
lost from the clothes because 
of process of evaporation. 
Evaporation takes at all 
temperature.
Freezing & 
Condensation
On cooling water below O° C 
freezing starts to take place. 
When due to decrease in 
temperature gaseous and vapor 
form of water converts into 
liquid. The process is called 
condensation.
More Properties of Water
Universal Solvent
Water is a universal solvent. It has 
capacity to dissolve variety of different 
substances of all the known liquid water 
is the best solvent.
Density & Floating
Things that have density more than water 
will sink in water and things that have 
lesser density than water will float on the 
water. e.g. wooden boat, iron ship, empty 
plastic bottle, empty bowl, ice and soap 
with soap case will float in water, 
Whereas bowl filled with pebbles, iron, 
nail, needle, spoon, bottle full of water, 
soap cake etc. will sink in a water.
Lemon and egg when placed in pure 
water will sink in water, but when same 
lemon and egg are placed in water in 
which good amount of salt is present will 
float in water. This phenomenon can be 
explained by density.
Boiling vs Evaporation
Water is also converted into gaseous 
form by process of boiling. Boiling takes 
place at very specific temperature. It 
occurs in the whole water mass while 
evaporation took on the exposed water 
surface.
For boiling external energy source i.e. 
extra heat is required while evaporation 
does not need any external source of 
energy, atmospheric heat is sufficient for 
evaporation.
Types of Water Based on Mineral Content
Hard Water
The water with naturally present minerals like 
magnesium and calcium with detectable amount is 
called hard water.
It is rich in minerals
No foam and lather from soaps.
Sometimes preferred drinking water
Hair and skin become dry
Example: Groundwater like deep wells.
Soft Water
It is treated water, salty in taste. It is left with only 
cations and that is sodium.
Contains very few elements
Soap is easily effective
Contains sodium ion
Sometimes not preferred drinking water
Hair and skin becomes soft
Example: Rainwater