Civil Engineering (CE) Exam > Civil Engineering (CE) Notes > Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering > Past Year Questions: Hydrostatic Forces
Past Year Questions: Hydrostatic Forces | Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download
Q1: A 5 m × 5 m closed tank of 10 m height contains water and oil, is connected to an overhead water reservoir as shown in the figure. Use = 10kN/m3 and specific gravity of oil = 0.8. [2024, Set-I]
The total force (in kN) due to pressure on the side PQR of the tank is ______ (rounded off to the nearest integer).
Ans: 5575 to 5585
PP + (800)(10)(4) = (103)(10)(10), where Pp is pressure at P
PP + (32 × 103 = 100 × 103
PP = 68 × 103 Pa
PP = 68kPa
Now, force on PQR, F =
Q2: A sector gate is provided on a spillway as shown in the figure. Assuming g = 10 m/s2, the resultant force per meter length (expressed in kN/m) on the gate will be_______. [2016 : 2 Marks, Set-I]
Ans:
Q3: A triangular gate with a base width of 2 m and a height of 1.5 m lies in a vertical plane. The top vertex of the gate is 1.5 m below the surface of a tank which contains oil of specific gravity 0.8. Considering the density of water and acceleration due to gravity to be 1000 kg/m3 and 9.81 m/s2, respectively, the hydrostatic force (in kN) exerted by the oil on the gate is _________. [2015 : 2 Marks, Set-II]
Ans:
Q4: Three rigid buckets, shown as in the figures (1), (2) and (3), are of identical heights and base areas. Further, assume that each of these buckets have negligible mass and are full of water. The weight of water in these buckets are denoted as W1, W2, and W3 respectively. Also, let the force of water on the base of the bucket be denoted as F1, F2, and F3 respectively. The option giving an accurate description of the system physics is [2014 : 2 Marks, Set-I]
(a) W2 = W1 = W3 and F2 > F1 > F3
(b) W2 > W1 > W3 and F2 > F1 > F3
(c) W2 = W1 = W3 and F1 = F2 = F3
(d) W2 > W1 > W3 and F1 = F2 = F3
Ans: (d)
Bucket → identical height → identical base area
⇒ w2> w1> w3
Force on the base in each case will be equal to = 
Hence, F1 = P2 = F3
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FAQs on Past Year Questions: Hydrostatic Forces - Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE)
| 1. What is hydrostatic force? |  |
Ans. Hydrostatic force is the force exerted by a fluid at rest on a submerged or partially submerged object. It is perpendicular to the surface of the object and is caused by the pressure difference between the top and bottom surfaces.
| 2. How is hydrostatic force calculated? | |
Ans. Hydrostatic force can be calculated using the formula F = ρghA, where F is the hydrostatic force, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the depth of the fluid, and A is the area of the surface on which the force is acting.
| 3. What is the principle of buoyancy? | |
Ans. The principle of buoyancy states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. This force, known as the buoyant force, opposes the force of gravity acting on the object.
| 4. How does the shape of an object affect hydrostatic force? | |
Ans. The shape of an object affects hydrostatic force by changing the distribution of pressure on its surface. Objects with larger surface areas will experience greater hydrostatic forces due to the increased pressure difference. Additionally, the shape can also affect the direction of the force.
| 5. What are some real-life applications of hydrostatic forces? | |
Ans. Hydrostatic forces have several real-life applications. Some examples include determining the stability of ships and submarines, calculating the forces acting on dams and retaining walls, designing swimming pools and water tanks, and understanding the behavior of fluids in hydraulic systems.
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