Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download

Load Factor

  • The load factor (λ)
    λ = Collapse load / Service load = Pc / P

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Plastic Sections Modulus

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Plastic Section Modulus
    Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

Shape Factor (∝)
∝ = MP / My = ZP / Zy

Where Zy is the elastic section modulus
Load factors
(λ) = Pc / P

Load Factor = Factor of safety x Shape factor
λ = FS × α

Shape factors for different shapes

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

Reserve Strength (Ψ)

  • It is the ratio of the ultimate load Wu to the load at first yield Wy of the structure.
    ψ = Wu / Wy

Length of a Plastic hinge (Lp)

  • It is the length of the beam over which the moment is greater than the yield moment (My).
    (a) For simply supported beam carrying a concentrated load, length of plastic hinge is given by Lp = L/3 (for rectangular section)
    (b) For simply supported beam carrying UDL length of plastic hinge is given by Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)
    Where ∝ is the shape factor, and L is the total length of the beam.
  • The length of the plastic hinge depends on loading and geometry.
Collapse Load Formulae
  • Simply supported beam with the concentrated load at the center

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Simply supported beam with the uniformly distributed load

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Propped cantilever with a concentrated load at the center

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Propped cantilever with a uniformly distributed load

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Fixed beam with a concentrated load at the center

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Fixed beam with eccentric loading

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Fixed beam with the uniformly distributed load

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Fixed beam with hydrostatic loading

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

  • Continuous beam with a uniformly distributed load

Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

The positions of the plastic hinges are one at support B and one on each side of the central support at a distance of 0.414L from A & C.

The document Plastic Analysis | Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE) is a part of the Civil Engineering (CE) Course Design of Steel Structures.
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FAQs on Plastic Analysis - Design of Steel Structures - Civil Engineering (CE)

1. What is plastic analysis in civil engineering?
Ans. Plastic analysis is a method used in civil engineering to determine the strength and behavior of structures beyond their elastic limit. It considers the plastic deformation of materials and analyzes the structure's ability to redistribute stresses and achieve a stable collapse mechanism.
2. What are the advantages of plastic analysis in civil engineering?
Ans. Plastic analysis offers several advantages in civil engineering. It provides a more realistic assessment of a structure's strength and deformation capacity compared to traditional elastic analysis. It allows for the design of structures that can undergo large deformations without collapsing, leading to more efficient and economical designs.
3. How is plastic analysis different from elastic analysis in civil engineering?
Ans. Plastic analysis differs from elastic analysis in civil engineering as it considers the behavior of materials beyond their elastic limit. Elastic analysis assumes that materials will return to their original shape once the applied load is removed, whereas plastic analysis acknowledges that materials may undergo permanent deformation but can still support loads without failure.
4. What are the limitations of plastic analysis in civil engineering?
Ans. Plastic analysis has certain limitations in civil engineering. It is more complex and time-consuming compared to elastic analysis. It requires accurate material properties and assumptions about the structure's behavior, which may be challenging to obtain. Additionally, plastic analysis may not accurately predict the behavior of structures subjected to dynamic or seismic loads.
5. How is plastic analysis used in the design of structures?
Ans. Plastic analysis is used in the design of structures to ensure their strength and stability. It helps determine the critical load at which plastic deformation occurs and identifies the collapse mechanism. Engineers can then design structures to withstand these loads, allowing for the redistribution of stresses and preventing catastrophic failures.
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