Selina Textbook Solutions: Rise and Spread of Islam | History Class 7 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Rise and Spread of Islam 
Important Words 
? Mecca was the town in Arabia where Prophet Muhammad was bom. It is a holy 
place for Muslims. 
? Medina was the town to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers shifted in 
622 CE. 
? Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Median in 622 
CE. 
? Hijri is the Muslim calendar which begins from the year 622 CE. 
? Abu Bakr was the faithful friend and follower of Prophet Muhammad, who was 
selected as the Prophet’s successor after his death. 
? Khalifa or Caliph means successor of the Prophet. It was the title given to the 
head of the Muslim community in medieval times. 
? AI Beruni was a Muslim scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni. His 
book is a rich source of information about India culture, philosophy and scientific 
achievements of the period. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 
2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 
3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 
4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas. 
5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid. 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
 
 
Page 2


Rise and Spread of Islam 
Important Words 
? Mecca was the town in Arabia where Prophet Muhammad was bom. It is a holy 
place for Muslims. 
? Medina was the town to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers shifted in 
622 CE. 
? Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Median in 622 
CE. 
? Hijri is the Muslim calendar which begins from the year 622 CE. 
? Abu Bakr was the faithful friend and follower of Prophet Muhammad, who was 
selected as the Prophet’s successor after his death. 
? Khalifa or Caliph means successor of the Prophet. It was the title given to the 
head of the Muslim community in medieval times. 
? AI Beruni was a Muslim scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni. His 
book is a rich source of information about India culture, philosophy and scientific 
achievements of the period. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 
2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 
3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 
4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas. 
5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid. 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad was born at Medina. 
 False.Muhammad was bom at Mecca. 
2. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 615. 
False. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 622. 
3. A Muslim should not worship an idol. 
 True. 
4. Abu Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
False.Ali Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
5. The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1480. 
False.The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1453. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Discuss the early life of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader. In AD 610, 
Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. Fie called himself the 
messenger of the supreme being – Allah, whose message he had to spread. He 
preached against idol worship. Arabia at that time was ruled by a number of tribes, who 
worshiped many gods and performed many rites and sacrifices. They did not like 
Muhammad’s teachings. Muhammad was forced to leave Mecca and moved to Medina 
in AD 622 with his followers. This year of ‘Emigration’ is known as Hijrat. 
Question 2. 
Describe the teachings of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Some of the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are the following: 
1. God is one and he is all powerful, all wise and all merciful. 
Page 3


Rise and Spread of Islam 
Important Words 
? Mecca was the town in Arabia where Prophet Muhammad was bom. It is a holy 
place for Muslims. 
? Medina was the town to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers shifted in 
622 CE. 
? Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Median in 622 
CE. 
? Hijri is the Muslim calendar which begins from the year 622 CE. 
? Abu Bakr was the faithful friend and follower of Prophet Muhammad, who was 
selected as the Prophet’s successor after his death. 
? Khalifa or Caliph means successor of the Prophet. It was the title given to the 
head of the Muslim community in medieval times. 
? AI Beruni was a Muslim scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni. His 
book is a rich source of information about India culture, philosophy and scientific 
achievements of the period. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 
2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 
3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 
4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas. 
5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid. 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad was born at Medina. 
 False.Muhammad was bom at Mecca. 
2. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 615. 
False. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 622. 
3. A Muslim should not worship an idol. 
 True. 
4. Abu Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
False.Ali Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
5. The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1480. 
False.The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1453. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Discuss the early life of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader. In AD 610, 
Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. Fie called himself the 
messenger of the supreme being – Allah, whose message he had to spread. He 
preached against idol worship. Arabia at that time was ruled by a number of tribes, who 
worshiped many gods and performed many rites and sacrifices. They did not like 
Muhammad’s teachings. Muhammad was forced to leave Mecca and moved to Medina 
in AD 622 with his followers. This year of ‘Emigration’ is known as Hijrat. 
Question 2. 
Describe the teachings of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Some of the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are the following: 
1. God is one and he is all powerful, all wise and all merciful. 
2. Idol worship is a curse and everybody should shirk doing it. 
3. The Koran is a Divine book and its authority is unquestionable. 
4. Islam believes that sinners will go to hell and the good and faithful will go to 
heaven. 
5. All men are equal and there is no question of superiority of inferiority. 
6. The Prophet enjoined upon his followers to perform the five duties of ‘Raima’, 
‘Namaz’, ‘Zaqaat’, ‘Ramzan’ and ‘Haji’. 
7. One must treat the slaves kindly and leniently. 
8. The women should be given kind treatment but they must observe ‘purdah’. 
9. One must abstain from drinking, gambling etc. and practise justice and respect for 
elders. 
Question 3. 
What are the five main religious obligations of Islam. 
Answer: 
A Muslim has five religious obligation, called the five pillars.They are: 
1. Shahada (Confession of Faith): A Muslim’s most essential obligation is to repeat 
“There is no God but Allah’ Mohammad is His Prophet.” 
2. Salat (Prayer): He must offer prayers (namaaz) five times everyday and on Friday 
afternoons in a mosque. 
3. Zakaat (Alms Giving): He must give alms to the poor as an offering to Allah and 
a religious act. 
4. Sawm or Siyam (Fasting): Muslims must keep fast from dawn to dusk during 
Ramadan (Ramzan), the ninth month of their lunar year. 
5. Haj (Pilgrimage to Mecca): Once in his lifetime, every Muslim who is financially 
and physically able, must travel to Mecca. This pilgrimage is called 
Question 4. 
Discuss the spread of Islamic civilisation after the passing away of Prophet Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas and they were both 
religious and political leaders of Muslims. The caliphs who succeeded Muhammad were 
Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali. Within a short period of just one century, the Khalifas 
and their generals conquered Iran, Syria, Egypt, Central Asia, North Africa and Spain. 
Question 5. 
Describe the main contributions of the Umayyads and the Abbasids. 
Answer: 
The main contributions of the Umayyad Dynasty are: 
1. The capital of Islam was moved to Damascus, Syria 
2. Expansion of Islam touched the regions of India, China, North Africa, and Spain 
3. Arabic became the official language. 
4. Arabian currency was used in the Empire 
Page 4


Rise and Spread of Islam 
Important Words 
? Mecca was the town in Arabia where Prophet Muhammad was bom. It is a holy 
place for Muslims. 
? Medina was the town to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers shifted in 
622 CE. 
? Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Median in 622 
CE. 
? Hijri is the Muslim calendar which begins from the year 622 CE. 
? Abu Bakr was the faithful friend and follower of Prophet Muhammad, who was 
selected as the Prophet’s successor after his death. 
? Khalifa or Caliph means successor of the Prophet. It was the title given to the 
head of the Muslim community in medieval times. 
? AI Beruni was a Muslim scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni. His 
book is a rich source of information about India culture, philosophy and scientific 
achievements of the period. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 
2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 
3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 
4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas. 
5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid. 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad was born at Medina. 
 False.Muhammad was bom at Mecca. 
2. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 615. 
False. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 622. 
3. A Muslim should not worship an idol. 
 True. 
4. Abu Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
False.Ali Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
5. The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1480. 
False.The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1453. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Discuss the early life of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader. In AD 610, 
Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. Fie called himself the 
messenger of the supreme being – Allah, whose message he had to spread. He 
preached against idol worship. Arabia at that time was ruled by a number of tribes, who 
worshiped many gods and performed many rites and sacrifices. They did not like 
Muhammad’s teachings. Muhammad was forced to leave Mecca and moved to Medina 
in AD 622 with his followers. This year of ‘Emigration’ is known as Hijrat. 
Question 2. 
Describe the teachings of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Some of the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are the following: 
1. God is one and he is all powerful, all wise and all merciful. 
2. Idol worship is a curse and everybody should shirk doing it. 
3. The Koran is a Divine book and its authority is unquestionable. 
4. Islam believes that sinners will go to hell and the good and faithful will go to 
heaven. 
5. All men are equal and there is no question of superiority of inferiority. 
6. The Prophet enjoined upon his followers to perform the five duties of ‘Raima’, 
‘Namaz’, ‘Zaqaat’, ‘Ramzan’ and ‘Haji’. 
7. One must treat the slaves kindly and leniently. 
8. The women should be given kind treatment but they must observe ‘purdah’. 
9. One must abstain from drinking, gambling etc. and practise justice and respect for 
elders. 
Question 3. 
What are the five main religious obligations of Islam. 
Answer: 
A Muslim has five religious obligation, called the five pillars.They are: 
1. Shahada (Confession of Faith): A Muslim’s most essential obligation is to repeat 
“There is no God but Allah’ Mohammad is His Prophet.” 
2. Salat (Prayer): He must offer prayers (namaaz) five times everyday and on Friday 
afternoons in a mosque. 
3. Zakaat (Alms Giving): He must give alms to the poor as an offering to Allah and 
a religious act. 
4. Sawm or Siyam (Fasting): Muslims must keep fast from dawn to dusk during 
Ramadan (Ramzan), the ninth month of their lunar year. 
5. Haj (Pilgrimage to Mecca): Once in his lifetime, every Muslim who is financially 
and physically able, must travel to Mecca. This pilgrimage is called 
Question 4. 
Discuss the spread of Islamic civilisation after the passing away of Prophet Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas and they were both 
religious and political leaders of Muslims. The caliphs who succeeded Muhammad were 
Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali. Within a short period of just one century, the Khalifas 
and their generals conquered Iran, Syria, Egypt, Central Asia, North Africa and Spain. 
Question 5. 
Describe the main contributions of the Umayyads and the Abbasids. 
Answer: 
The main contributions of the Umayyad Dynasty are: 
1. The capital of Islam was moved to Damascus, Syria 
2. Expansion of Islam touched the regions of India, China, North Africa, and Spain 
3. Arabic became the official language. 
4. Arabian currency was used in the Empire 
5. Roads were built 
6. Postal routes were created. 
The main contributions of the Abbasids Dynasty are: 
1. The Abbasids established their capital at Baghdad, near the ruins of the ancient 
Iranian metropolis, Ctesiphon. 
2. The army and bureaucracy were reorganised on a non- tribal basis to ensure 
greater participation by Iraq and Khurasan. 
3. The Abbasid rulers strengthened the religious status and functions of the caliphate 
and patronised Islamic institutions and scholars. 
4. They maintained the magnificent imperial architecture and elaborate court 
ceremonials of the Umayyads. 
Additional Questions 
(Rise and Spread of Islam) 
A. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was bom in Mecca in the year 570 ce. 
2. Muhammad forbade idol worship and stressed the importance 
of God and kind behaviour. 
3. The two holy places of the Muslims are Mecca and Medina. 
4. Ans. Muhammad was succeeded by Abu Bakr, who was known as Caliph. He 
transformed the Arabs into an excellent fighting force and inspired them to carry 
the word of Allah throughout the world. 
5. The first Arab expedition to India took place in 712 ce under the leadership 
of Muhammad bin Qasim. 
B. Match the following: 
 
 
 
Page 5


Rise and Spread of Islam 
Important Words 
? Mecca was the town in Arabia where Prophet Muhammad was bom. It is a holy 
place for Muslims. 
? Medina was the town to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers shifted in 
622 CE. 
? Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Median in 622 
CE. 
? Hijri is the Muslim calendar which begins from the year 622 CE. 
? Abu Bakr was the faithful friend and follower of Prophet Muhammad, who was 
selected as the Prophet’s successor after his death. 
? Khalifa or Caliph means successor of the Prophet. It was the title given to the 
head of the Muslim community in medieval times. 
? AI Beruni was a Muslim scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni. His 
book is a rich source of information about India culture, philosophy and scientific 
achievements of the period. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 
2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 
3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 
4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas. 
5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid. 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad was born at Medina. 
 False.Muhammad was bom at Mecca. 
2. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 615. 
False. He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 622. 
3. A Muslim should not worship an idol. 
 True. 
4. Abu Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
False.Ali Bakr was the last Khalifa. 
5. The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1480. 
False.The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1453. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Discuss the early life of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader. In AD 610, 
Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. Fie called himself the 
messenger of the supreme being – Allah, whose message he had to spread. He 
preached against idol worship. Arabia at that time was ruled by a number of tribes, who 
worshiped many gods and performed many rites and sacrifices. They did not like 
Muhammad’s teachings. Muhammad was forced to leave Mecca and moved to Medina 
in AD 622 with his followers. This year of ‘Emigration’ is known as Hijrat. 
Question 2. 
Describe the teachings of Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Some of the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are the following: 
1. God is one and he is all powerful, all wise and all merciful. 
2. Idol worship is a curse and everybody should shirk doing it. 
3. The Koran is a Divine book and its authority is unquestionable. 
4. Islam believes that sinners will go to hell and the good and faithful will go to 
heaven. 
5. All men are equal and there is no question of superiority of inferiority. 
6. The Prophet enjoined upon his followers to perform the five duties of ‘Raima’, 
‘Namaz’, ‘Zaqaat’, ‘Ramzan’ and ‘Haji’. 
7. One must treat the slaves kindly and leniently. 
8. The women should be given kind treatment but they must observe ‘purdah’. 
9. One must abstain from drinking, gambling etc. and practise justice and respect for 
elders. 
Question 3. 
What are the five main religious obligations of Islam. 
Answer: 
A Muslim has five religious obligation, called the five pillars.They are: 
1. Shahada (Confession of Faith): A Muslim’s most essential obligation is to repeat 
“There is no God but Allah’ Mohammad is His Prophet.” 
2. Salat (Prayer): He must offer prayers (namaaz) five times everyday and on Friday 
afternoons in a mosque. 
3. Zakaat (Alms Giving): He must give alms to the poor as an offering to Allah and 
a religious act. 
4. Sawm or Siyam (Fasting): Muslims must keep fast from dawn to dusk during 
Ramadan (Ramzan), the ninth month of their lunar year. 
5. Haj (Pilgrimage to Mecca): Once in his lifetime, every Muslim who is financially 
and physically able, must travel to Mecca. This pilgrimage is called 
Question 4. 
Discuss the spread of Islamic civilisation after the passing away of Prophet Muhammad. 
Answer: 
Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas and they were both 
religious and political leaders of Muslims. The caliphs who succeeded Muhammad were 
Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali. Within a short period of just one century, the Khalifas 
and their generals conquered Iran, Syria, Egypt, Central Asia, North Africa and Spain. 
Question 5. 
Describe the main contributions of the Umayyads and the Abbasids. 
Answer: 
The main contributions of the Umayyad Dynasty are: 
1. The capital of Islam was moved to Damascus, Syria 
2. Expansion of Islam touched the regions of India, China, North Africa, and Spain 
3. Arabic became the official language. 
4. Arabian currency was used in the Empire 
5. Roads were built 
6. Postal routes were created. 
The main contributions of the Abbasids Dynasty are: 
1. The Abbasids established their capital at Baghdad, near the ruins of the ancient 
Iranian metropolis, Ctesiphon. 
2. The army and bureaucracy were reorganised on a non- tribal basis to ensure 
greater participation by Iraq and Khurasan. 
3. The Abbasid rulers strengthened the religious status and functions of the caliphate 
and patronised Islamic institutions and scholars. 
4. They maintained the magnificent imperial architecture and elaborate court 
ceremonials of the Umayyads. 
Additional Questions 
(Rise and Spread of Islam) 
A. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was bom in Mecca in the year 570 ce. 
2. Muhammad forbade idol worship and stressed the importance 
of God and kind behaviour. 
3. The two holy places of the Muslims are Mecca and Medina. 
4. Ans. Muhammad was succeeded by Abu Bakr, who was known as Caliph. He 
transformed the Arabs into an excellent fighting force and inspired them to carry 
the word of Allah throughout the world. 
5. The first Arab expedition to India took place in 712 ce under the leadership 
of Muhammad bin Qasim. 
B. Match the following: 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
C. Choose the correct answer: 
1. As a young man, Muhammad worked as a trader/farmer/ craftsman. 
Ans. As a young rhan, Muhammad worked as a trader. 
2. During Muhammad’s time, the Arabs were divided into a number of 
kingdoms/tribes/empires. 
Ans. During Muhammad’s time, the Arabs were divided into a number of tribes. 
3. Muslims must say their prayers four/five/six times a day. 
Ans. Muslims must say their prayers five times a day. 
4. The Abbasid Caliphs shifted the Caliphate from Damascus to 
Medina/Mecca/Baghdad. 
Ans. The Abbasid Caliphs shifted the Caliphate from Damascus to Baghdad. 
5. The Arab traders established trade settlements on the eastern/western/southern 
coast of India. 
Ans. The Arab traders established trade settlements on the western coast of 
India. 
D. State whether the following are true or false: 
1. The Medieval Period in India stretches from the 8th century CE to the 16th century 
False. 
Correct : The Medieval Period in India stretches from the 8th century CE to the 
18th century ce. 
2. Before the rise of Islam, the Arabs practised idol worship. 
True. 
3. The Arab empire under the Abbasid Caliphs was one of the most powerful and 
enlightened regions in the world. 
True. 
4. The occupation of Sind ended with the death of Muhammad bin Qasim. 
True.