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Shapes, Area and Volume | Year 7 Mathematics (Cambridge) PDF Download

Understanding Different Shapes

Shapes can be classified into two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D).

  • Two-Dimensional Shapes:
    • Examples include squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, and polygons.
    • Each shape has specific properties like sides, angles, and symmetry.
    • Understanding properties helps in calculating their area.
  • Three-Dimensional Shapes:
    • Examples include cubes, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, and spheres.
    • These shapes have volume, surface area, and various faces, edges, and vertices.
    • Volume and surface area calculations involve understanding dimensions and formulas.

Calculating Area

Area of Two-Dimensional Shapes:

  • Rectangle: Area = length × width
    • Example: A rectangle with length 5 cm and width 3 cm has an area of 15 square centimeters.
  • Triangle: Area = ½ × base × height
    • Example: A triangle with base 4 cm and height 6 cm has an area of 12 square centimeters.
  • Circle: Area = π × radius²
    • Example: A circle with radius 2 cm has an area of approximately 12.57 square centimeters (π ≈ 3.14).

Question for Shapes, Area and Volume
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What is the formula to calculate the area of a triangle?
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Calculating Volume

Volume of Three-Dimensional Shapes:

  • Cube: Volume = side length3
    • Example: A cube with side length 3 cm has a volume of 27 cubic centimeters.
  • Cylinder: Volume = π × radius2 × height
    • Example: A cylinder with radius 2 cm and height 5 cm has a volume of approximately 62.83 cubic centimeters (π ≈ 3.14).
  • Sphere: Volume = ⁴⁄₃ × π × radius3
    • Example: A sphere with radius 3 cm has a volume of approximately 113.1 cubic centimeters (π ≈ 3.14).

Examples and Applications

Real-Life Applications:

  • Calculating floor space using area measurements.
  • Determining container volumes for liquids or solids.
  • Understanding shape properties in architecture and design.

Summary

Understanding shapes, area, and volume involves recognizing their properties and applying specific formulas for calculations. These concepts are fundamental in various real-life scenarios, from construction to everyday measurements.

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