Class 5 EVS Question Answers - Fibre to Fabric

Short Types Questions

Wool is a natural fiber that is obtained from the fleece or hair of sheep, goat, and yak. It is obtained by shearing or cutting the hair from the animal's body.

Q.2. What are the health hazards in the wool industry?

Workers in the wool industry are exposed to various health hazards such as respiratory problems, skin infections, and allergies due to the constant inhalation of wool fibers and handling of animal waste.

Q.3. What is sericulture, and which insect is used for silk production?

Sericulture is the process of rearing silkworms for silk production. The larvae of the silk moth, Bombyx mori, is used for silk production.

Q.4. What is the process of silk production?

The process of silk production involves the rearing of silkworms, harvesting their cocoons, and extracting the silk fibers. The cocoons are boiled to kill the pupae inside, and the silk fibers are then unwound and spun into yarn.

Q.5. What are the health hazards in sericulture?

Workers involved in sericulture are exposed to health hazards such as respiratory problems, allergies, and skin infections due to exposure to silkworms, their droppings, and the chemicals used in the process of silk production.

Long Types Questions

Wool production is a complex process that involves several steps. Here are the five main steps involved in wool production:
(i) Shearing: The first step in wool production is the shearing of the wool from the sheep's body. The wool is cut off the sheep's body in large sections using clippers or shears.
(ii) Sorting: After shearing, the wool is sorted into different grades based on its quality. The wool is separated into grades based on its fiber diameter, length, and color.
(iii) Scouring: The wool is then washed to remove dirt, grease, and other impurities. This is called scouring, and it is done using hot water and detergent.
(iv) Carding: The next step is carding, which involves separating the wool fibers and aligning them in the same direction. This makes the fibers easier to spin.
(v) Spinning: Finally, the wool fibers are spun into yarn, which can then be used to make different products.

Q.2. Explain the health hazards associated with the wool industry.

The wool industry involves several health hazards, and workers in the industry are at risk of developing several diseases. Here are some of the health hazards associated with the wool industry:
(i) Respiratory problems: Workers in the wool industry are at risk of developing respiratory problems due to the inhalation of wool dust. The wool dust can irritate the lungs and cause breathing difficulties.
(ii) Skin irritation: The workers in the wool industry are also at risk of developing skin irritation due to exposure to the lanolin present in the wool. Lanolin is a natural oil found in wool, and it can cause skin irritation and dermatitis.
(iii) Musculoskeletal problems: The workers in the wool industry are at risk of developing musculoskeletal problems due to the repetitive strain on their muscles and joints from shearing and sorting the wool.

Q.3. What is sericulture? Explain the process of silk production in detail.

Sericulture is the process of rearing silkworms for the production of silk. Here are the steps involved in silk production:
(i) Egg production: The first step in silk production is the production of eggs by the adult silk moths. The silk moths lay eggs on special paper or cloth.
(ii) Rearing of silkworms: The eggs hatch into silkworms, which are then fed with mulberry leaves. The silkworms grow rapidly and molt four times before spinning a cocoon around themselves.
(iii) Harvesting the cocoons: After the silkworms have spun their cocoons, they are harvested and boiled in water to kill the pupae and loosen the silk fibers.
(iv) Reeling the silk: The silk fibers are then reeled from the cocoons and spun into silk thread.
(v) Weaving: The silk thread is then woven into different products like sarees, dresses, and scarves.

Q.4. Explain the health hazards associated with sericulture.

The process of sericulture also involves several health hazards. Here are some of the health hazards associated with sericulture:
(i) Respiratory problems: The workers in the sericulture industry are at risk of developing respiratory problems due to the inhalation of silk dust. Silk dust can cause breathing difficulties and irritate the lungs.
(ii) Skin irritation: The workers in the sericulture industry are also at risk of developing skin irritation and dermatitis due to exposure to the chemicals used in the silk production process.
(iii) Eye problems: The workers in the sericulture industry are at risk of developing eye problems due to exposure to bright light while inspecting the silk cocoons.

Q.5. Explain the process of wool production in 5 steps.

The process of wool production involves the following five steps:
(i) Shearing: The wool is obtained from the fleece of sheep by the process of shearing. The fleece is carefully removed from the sheep's body without causing any harm to the animal.
(ii) Sorting: After shearing, the wool is sorted according to its quality. The wool from different parts of the body is separated.
(iii) Cleaning: The wool is cleaned to remove dirt, dust, and other impurities. This process is called scouring.
(iv) Carding: The cleaned wool is then carded to remove any tangles and knots. This process also helps in aligning the fibres in a single direction.
(v) Spinning: The carded wool is spun into yarn, which can then be woven into fabric.