Class 7 Science Chapter 6 Question Answers - Respiration in Organisms

Short Types Questions

The primary function of the respiratory system in animals is to facilitate the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the body and the external environment.

Q.2. What is the main difference between the respiratory system in plants and animals?

The main difference between the respiratory system in plants and animals is that plants do not have specialized organs for gas exchange, while animals do. In plants, gas exchange occurs through small openings on the leaves called stomata.

Q.3. What is aerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that requires oxygen to break down glucose into energy (ATP). The end products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water.

Q.4. What is the function of alveoli in the human respiratory system?

The alveoli are small, balloon-like structures in the lungs that facilitate gas exchange between the air and blood. Oxygen from the air diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the air in the alveoli.

Q.5. What is anaerobic respiration?

Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen. It involves the breakdown of glucose into energy (ATP) without the use of oxygen, and the end products include lactic acid or ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Long Types Questions

The process of respiration in animals involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. The respiratory system in animals consists of lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm. The oxygen-rich air enters the lungs through the trachea and bronchi, where it diffuses into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed from the body. On the other hand, the respiratory system in plants is different, and it involves the exchange of gases through small pores called stomata in leaves. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and diffuses out through the stomata, while carbon dioxide is taken in from the air.

Q.2. What is the role of the respiratory system in humans? Explain the process of breathing.

The respiratory system in humans is responsible for the exchange of gases, i.e., oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. The process of breathing starts with the inhalation of air through the nose or mouth, which goes into the lungs. The lungs have tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of gases takes place. Oxygen from the air enters the bloodstream through these alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the bloodstream is released into the air sacs and expelled during exhalation.

Q.3. What is aerobic respiration? Explain the steps involved in it.

Aerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration that involves the use of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. It takes place in the mitochondria of the cell and has three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. In glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, which then enters the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is further broken down to produce carbon dioxide and ATP. Finally, in the electron transport chain, the energy produced is used to generate ATP.

Q.4. What is anaerobic respiration? How is it different from aerobic respiration?

Anaerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen. It is less efficient than aerobic respiration and produces less energy in the form of ATP. The process involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, which is then converted into either lactic acid or ethanol depending on the organism. Unlike aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, and it is less efficient in producing ATP.

Q.5. What is the importance of the respiratory system in plants? Explain the process of respiration in plants.

The respiratory system in plants is essential for their survival as it helps in the exchange of gases, i.e., oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the plant and the environment. The process of respiration in plants takes place through small pores called stomata in leaves. It involves the release of energy from glucose in the presence of oxygen. During respiration, oxygen is taken in through the stomata, and carbon dioxide is released. The energy produced is used for various metabolic activities in the plant. Oxygen is also essential for the process of photosynthesis, where it is used to produce glucose.