Selina Textbook Solutions: Scale and Distance | Geography Class 7 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Scale and Distance 
THINK AND ANSWER 
Question  
Why do you think that the knowledge of scale is important for reading a map ? 
Answer: 
The two cities in the space of an inch will be found on a map where the scale is used. 
e.g. 1 cm on map =100 km on ground. Scales are important as without scales distance 
between places can’t be judged. 
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS 
Question  
Your friend has invited you to his house. He has drawn a rough sketch on a paper 
showing the direction to his house for you. 
How does the sketch help you ? What quality of your friend is shown through in this 
gesture ? 
Answer: 
Sketch will help to reach friend’s house easily and early. 
A friend is showing a genuine interest and is real. He actually wants a friend to visit his 
house. 
EXERCISES 
A. Fill in the blanks. one has been done for u 
 
 
 
Page 2


Scale and Distance 
THINK AND ANSWER 
Question  
Why do you think that the knowledge of scale is important for reading a map ? 
Answer: 
The two cities in the space of an inch will be found on a map where the scale is used. 
e.g. 1 cm on map =100 km on ground. Scales are important as without scales distance 
between places can’t be judged. 
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS 
Question  
Your friend has invited you to his house. He has drawn a rough sketch on a paper 
showing the direction to his house for you. 
How does the sketch help you ? What quality of your friend is shown through in this 
gesture ? 
Answer: 
Sketch will help to reach friend’s house easily and early. 
A friend is showing a genuine interest and is real. He actually wants a friend to visit his 
house. 
EXERCISES 
A. Fill in the blanks. one has been done for u 
 
 
 
B. Match the following 
 
Answer: 
 
  
C. Choose the correct answer. 
1. This is the ratio of distance between two places on a map to the actual distance 
between the same two places on the ground. 
1. scale 
2. map 
3. globe 
4. atlas 
2. This scale is stated in words: 
1. Verbal 
Page 3


Scale and Distance 
THINK AND ANSWER 
Question  
Why do you think that the knowledge of scale is important for reading a map ? 
Answer: 
The two cities in the space of an inch will be found on a map where the scale is used. 
e.g. 1 cm on map =100 km on ground. Scales are important as without scales distance 
between places can’t be judged. 
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS 
Question  
Your friend has invited you to his house. He has drawn a rough sketch on a paper 
showing the direction to his house for you. 
How does the sketch help you ? What quality of your friend is shown through in this 
gesture ? 
Answer: 
Sketch will help to reach friend’s house easily and early. 
A friend is showing a genuine interest and is real. He actually wants a friend to visit his 
house. 
EXERCISES 
A. Fill in the blanks. one has been done for u 
 
 
 
B. Match the following 
 
Answer: 
 
  
C. Choose the correct answer. 
1. This is the ratio of distance between two places on a map to the actual distance 
between the same two places on the ground. 
1. scale 
2. map 
3. globe 
4. atlas 
2. This scale is stated in words: 
1. Verbal 
2. Statement 
3. Both of these 
4. None of these 
3. The distance between two points along a straight line can be measured by this 
method 
1. Twine 
2. Ruler 
3. Compass 
4. Stick 
4. In this fraction, the numerator is always 1. 
1. Representative Fraction 
2. Refractive Fraction 
3. Reduction Fraction 
4. Reorganization Fraction 
D. State whether the following are true or false. 
1. Verbal scale is stated in words. 
Answer. True. 
2. A statement scale consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : A linear consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
3. The numerator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance between 
two places on the ground. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The denominator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance 
between two places on the ground. 
4. The distance along a curved line is measured by a ruler. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The Distance along a curved line is measured by a divider. 
 
 
 
Page 4


Scale and Distance 
THINK AND ANSWER 
Question  
Why do you think that the knowledge of scale is important for reading a map ? 
Answer: 
The two cities in the space of an inch will be found on a map where the scale is used. 
e.g. 1 cm on map =100 km on ground. Scales are important as without scales distance 
between places can’t be judged. 
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS 
Question  
Your friend has invited you to his house. He has drawn a rough sketch on a paper 
showing the direction to his house for you. 
How does the sketch help you ? What quality of your friend is shown through in this 
gesture ? 
Answer: 
Sketch will help to reach friend’s house easily and early. 
A friend is showing a genuine interest and is real. He actually wants a friend to visit his 
house. 
EXERCISES 
A. Fill in the blanks. one has been done for u 
 
 
 
B. Match the following 
 
Answer: 
 
  
C. Choose the correct answer. 
1. This is the ratio of distance between two places on a map to the actual distance 
between the same two places on the ground. 
1. scale 
2. map 
3. globe 
4. atlas 
2. This scale is stated in words: 
1. Verbal 
2. Statement 
3. Both of these 
4. None of these 
3. The distance between two points along a straight line can be measured by this 
method 
1. Twine 
2. Ruler 
3. Compass 
4. Stick 
4. In this fraction, the numerator is always 1. 
1. Representative Fraction 
2. Refractive Fraction 
3. Reduction Fraction 
4. Reorganization Fraction 
D. State whether the following are true or false. 
1. Verbal scale is stated in words. 
Answer. True. 
2. A statement scale consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : A linear consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
3. The numerator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance between 
two places on the ground. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The denominator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance 
between two places on the ground. 
4. The distance along a curved line is measured by a ruler. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The Distance along a curved line is measured by a divider. 
 
 
 
E. Answer the following questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What is meant by the scale of a map ? 
Answer: 
A scale is the ratio of the distance between two places on the map to the actual 
distance between the same two places on the ground. 
Question 2. 
Which three ways are used to represent the scale of a map? 
Answer: 
The three ways used to represent the scale of a map are : 
(a) Verbal or statement scale — The scale is stated in words. The units are usually 
mentioned in this type of scale, for example, 1 cm = 10 km or 1 cm to 10 km. It means 
that 1 cm on the map is equal to 10 km on the ground. 
(b) Graphical or linear scale — This consists of a straight line which is divided into 
lengths that represent given distances on the earth’s surface. 
(c) Representative fraction (RF) — This is a fraction in which the numerator expresses 
the distance on the map and the denominator represents the actual distance on the 
ground. It must be noted that the numerator is always 1 and both the numerator and the 
denominator are expressed in the same unit. 
Question 3. 
Convert the statement scale 1 cm = loo km into R.F. scale. 
Answer: 
 
 
Question 4. 
What method would you use to measure the length of a river ? 
Answer: 
The rivers are curved. To measure length of rivers we use either the divider method or 
the twine methods. 
Page 5


Scale and Distance 
THINK AND ANSWER 
Question  
Why do you think that the knowledge of scale is important for reading a map ? 
Answer: 
The two cities in the space of an inch will be found on a map where the scale is used. 
e.g. 1 cm on map =100 km on ground. Scales are important as without scales distance 
between places can’t be judged. 
VALUES AND LIFE SKILLS 
Question  
Your friend has invited you to his house. He has drawn a rough sketch on a paper 
showing the direction to his house for you. 
How does the sketch help you ? What quality of your friend is shown through in this 
gesture ? 
Answer: 
Sketch will help to reach friend’s house easily and early. 
A friend is showing a genuine interest and is real. He actually wants a friend to visit his 
house. 
EXERCISES 
A. Fill in the blanks. one has been done for u 
 
 
 
B. Match the following 
 
Answer: 
 
  
C. Choose the correct answer. 
1. This is the ratio of distance between two places on a map to the actual distance 
between the same two places on the ground. 
1. scale 
2. map 
3. globe 
4. atlas 
2. This scale is stated in words: 
1. Verbal 
2. Statement 
3. Both of these 
4. None of these 
3. The distance between two points along a straight line can be measured by this 
method 
1. Twine 
2. Ruler 
3. Compass 
4. Stick 
4. In this fraction, the numerator is always 1. 
1. Representative Fraction 
2. Refractive Fraction 
3. Reduction Fraction 
4. Reorganization Fraction 
D. State whether the following are true or false. 
1. Verbal scale is stated in words. 
Answer. True. 
2. A statement scale consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : A linear consists of a straight line which is divided into lengths. 
3. The numerator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance between 
two places on the ground. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The denominator in a Representative Fraction expresses the actual distance 
between two places on the ground. 
4. The distance along a curved line is measured by a ruler. 
Answer. False. 
Correct : The Distance along a curved line is measured by a divider. 
 
 
 
E. Answer the following questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What is meant by the scale of a map ? 
Answer: 
A scale is the ratio of the distance between two places on the map to the actual 
distance between the same two places on the ground. 
Question 2. 
Which three ways are used to represent the scale of a map? 
Answer: 
The three ways used to represent the scale of a map are : 
(a) Verbal or statement scale — The scale is stated in words. The units are usually 
mentioned in this type of scale, for example, 1 cm = 10 km or 1 cm to 10 km. It means 
that 1 cm on the map is equal to 10 km on the ground. 
(b) Graphical or linear scale — This consists of a straight line which is divided into 
lengths that represent given distances on the earth’s surface. 
(c) Representative fraction (RF) — This is a fraction in which the numerator expresses 
the distance on the map and the denominator represents the actual distance on the 
ground. It must be noted that the numerator is always 1 and both the numerator and the 
denominator are expressed in the same unit. 
Question 3. 
Convert the statement scale 1 cm = loo km into R.F. scale. 
Answer: 
 
 
Question 4. 
What method would you use to measure the length of a river ? 
Answer: 
The rivers are curved. To measure length of rivers we use either the divider method or 
the twine methods. 
F. Answer the following questions in detail. 
Question 1. 
Describe any two ways of representing a map scale. 
Answer: 
The map scale can be represented as : 
(a) Verbal or statement scale — The scale is stated in words. The units are usually 
mentioned in this type of scale, for example, 1 cm= 10 km or 1 cm to 10 km. It means 
that 1 cm on the map is equal to 10 km on the ground. 
(b) Graphical or linear scale — This consists of a straight line which is divided into 
lengths that represent given distances on the earth’s surface. 
Question 2. 
Describe the method by which the distance on a curved line is measured. 
Answer: 
The distance on a curved line is measured using a piece of twine or a divider. 
In divider method, a divider whose pointed ends are 1 or 2 cm apart is used. Beginning 
at one end of the feature to be measured, the divider is turned continuously till the other 
end is reached. The number of turns are counted and then using the scale of the map, 
the actual distance on the ground calculated. 
In the twine method, a twine is placed along the feature to be measured from one end to 
other. The length of the twine is then measured in cm or inches using a ruler or linear 
scale and then converted into km or miles using the scale of the given map. 
Question 3. 
How is distance on a map measured by a piece of twine? 
Answer: 
Take the piece of the twine, make a knot at one end and place 
the knotted end on the starting point of the distance to .be measured. Now move the 
twine along the object to be measured by slowly placing the twine bit by bit along the 
route following each bend or curve as closely as possible. When you reach the end of 
the route you are measuring, mark that end with ink. Now place the twine on the scale 
with the knotted end at 0 and see how far the ink-marked end reaches on the scale. 
Measure the length and convert into kilometres. If the distance to be measured is longer 
than the printed scale on the map, place the twine on the ruler in the same way, 
calculate the number of centimetres it covers and convert that into kilometres. 
G Picture study 
Look at the picture and answer the questions