Selina Textbook Solutions: The Turkish Invaders | History Class 7 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


The Turkish Invaders 
Important Words 
? Ghazni and Ghor were the two important states established by the Turks. 
? Sultans were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled from Delhi, their capital 
city. 
? Shahnama was written by the Persian poet Firdausi. It is the biography of Sultan 
Mahmud of Ghazni. 
? Lakhbaksh means ‘giver of lakhs’. Qutbuddin Aibak was given this name because 
of his generosity. 
? Muezzin is a man who calls Muslims to prayer, usually from the tower of a 
mosque. 
? Iqtas were the provinces into which the empire was divided. Each was 
administered by an officer called the 
? Divine kingship means that the king is considered a representative of God on 
earth. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud Ghazni invaded India to 17 times its wealth. 
2. Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in the second battle of Tarain. 
3. Alberuni, spent 10 years in India and wrote a book Kitab- ul-Hind. 
4. Firdausi wrote a famous epic named Shahnama. 
5. Mahmud Ghazni plundered Somnath temple in 1025 AD 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
Page 2


The Turkish Invaders 
Important Words 
? Ghazni and Ghor were the two important states established by the Turks. 
? Sultans were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled from Delhi, their capital 
city. 
? Shahnama was written by the Persian poet Firdausi. It is the biography of Sultan 
Mahmud of Ghazni. 
? Lakhbaksh means ‘giver of lakhs’. Qutbuddin Aibak was given this name because 
of his generosity. 
? Muezzin is a man who calls Muslims to prayer, usually from the tower of a 
mosque. 
? Iqtas were the provinces into which the empire was divided. Each was 
administered by an officer called the 
? Divine kingship means that the king is considered a representative of God on 
earth. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud Ghazni invaded India to 17 times its wealth. 
2. Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in the second battle of Tarain. 
3. Alberuni, spent 10 years in India and wrote a book Kitab- ul-Hind. 
4. Firdausi wrote a famous epic named Shahnama. 
5. Mahmud Ghazni plundered Somnath temple in 1025 AD 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
Answer: 
      Column A                                                     Column B 
 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad Ghori established the Muslim rule in India. 
True 
2. Mahmud was interested in setting up an empire in India. 
False.                                                                               . 
Mahmud was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in India. 
3. The Rajputs united to face the Turks or Muslims but failed. 
False. 
4. Jaichand defeated Muhammad Ghori. 
False.Jaichand was defeated by Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Firdausi wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
False. Alberuni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Mention three most important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni. 
Answer: 
The important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni were: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni raided India for the first time in 1000 AD. After that, he is said 
to have conquered India 17 times, till his death. He was resisted by King Jaipal 
and then by his son Anandpal but both of them were defeated. 
Page 3


The Turkish Invaders 
Important Words 
? Ghazni and Ghor were the two important states established by the Turks. 
? Sultans were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled from Delhi, their capital 
city. 
? Shahnama was written by the Persian poet Firdausi. It is the biography of Sultan 
Mahmud of Ghazni. 
? Lakhbaksh means ‘giver of lakhs’. Qutbuddin Aibak was given this name because 
of his generosity. 
? Muezzin is a man who calls Muslims to prayer, usually from the tower of a 
mosque. 
? Iqtas were the provinces into which the empire was divided. Each was 
administered by an officer called the 
? Divine kingship means that the king is considered a representative of God on 
earth. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud Ghazni invaded India to 17 times its wealth. 
2. Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in the second battle of Tarain. 
3. Alberuni, spent 10 years in India and wrote a book Kitab- ul-Hind. 
4. Firdausi wrote a famous epic named Shahnama. 
5. Mahmud Ghazni plundered Somnath temple in 1025 AD 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
Answer: 
      Column A                                                     Column B 
 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad Ghori established the Muslim rule in India. 
True 
2. Mahmud was interested in setting up an empire in India. 
False.                                                                               . 
Mahmud was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in India. 
3. The Rajputs united to face the Turks or Muslims but failed. 
False. 
4. Jaichand defeated Muhammad Ghori. 
False.Jaichand was defeated by Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Firdausi wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
False. Alberuni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Mention three most important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni. 
Answer: 
The important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni were: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni raided India for the first time in 1000 AD. After that, he is said 
to have conquered India 17 times, till his death. He was resisted by King Jaipal 
and then by his son Anandpal but both of them were defeated. 
2. Between 1009 AD and 1026 AD, the places that Mahmud of Ghazni invaded were 
Kabul, Delhi, Kanauj, Mathura, Kangra, Thaneshwar, Kashmir, Gwalior, Malwa, 
Bundelkhand, Tripuri, Bengal and Punjab. 
3. In 1027 AD, he invaded the Somnath temple in Gujarat, on the coast of 
Saurashtra or Kathiwar. This was supposed to be his biggest invasion as he had 
looted all treasures and precious items of the fortified temple. 
Question 2. 
When and between whom were the Battles of Tarain fought? 
Answer: 
The battles of Tarain were fought between Ghori and Prithviraj in the year 1191 i.e. The 
First Battle of Tarain in which Ghori was defeated by Prithviraj, and second in the year 
1192 i.e. The Second Battle of Tarain in which Ghori won the battle. 
Question 3. 
How were the raids of Mahmud Ghazni different from the raids of Muhammad Ghori? 
Answer: 
During the thirty-three years of his reign, Mahmud Ghazni carried out seventeen raids 
on India. He was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in the Indian 
subcontinent. 
After 150 years of Mahmud’s invasions Muhammad of Ghor (hence called Ghori) 
attacked India. This laid the foundation of Turko-Afghan rule in India. At the time of his 
invasion five Rajput kingdoms were in power. They were the Rathors of Kanauj, 
Solankis of Gujarat, Chandelas of Bundelkhand, Parmars of Malwa and Chauhans of 
Delhi and Ajmer. Muhammad first captured Multan in AD 1175 and then moved on to 
Gujarat. He defeated the Solankis there. He also captured Punjab, Peshawar and 
Sialkot.Hence, Muhammad of Ghori was interested in setting up an empire in the Indian 
Subcontinent. 
V. Give Reason why: 
Question 1. 
Mahmud of Ghazni attacked India 
Answer: 
Mahmud of Ghazni attached India as he was in wealth rather than setting up an empire 
in the Indian subcontinent. 
Question 2. 
Turks succeeded against Rajputs 
Answer: 
1. The Rajputs were brave soldiers and skilled swordsmen. But they suffered defeat 
after defeat. The reasons for their defeat or, in other words, causes for Muslim 
success were the following: 
Page 4


The Turkish Invaders 
Important Words 
? Ghazni and Ghor were the two important states established by the Turks. 
? Sultans were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled from Delhi, their capital 
city. 
? Shahnama was written by the Persian poet Firdausi. It is the biography of Sultan 
Mahmud of Ghazni. 
? Lakhbaksh means ‘giver of lakhs’. Qutbuddin Aibak was given this name because 
of his generosity. 
? Muezzin is a man who calls Muslims to prayer, usually from the tower of a 
mosque. 
? Iqtas were the provinces into which the empire was divided. Each was 
administered by an officer called the 
? Divine kingship means that the king is considered a representative of God on 
earth. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud Ghazni invaded India to 17 times its wealth. 
2. Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in the second battle of Tarain. 
3. Alberuni, spent 10 years in India and wrote a book Kitab- ul-Hind. 
4. Firdausi wrote a famous epic named Shahnama. 
5. Mahmud Ghazni plundered Somnath temple in 1025 AD 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
Answer: 
      Column A                                                     Column B 
 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad Ghori established the Muslim rule in India. 
True 
2. Mahmud was interested in setting up an empire in India. 
False.                                                                               . 
Mahmud was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in India. 
3. The Rajputs united to face the Turks or Muslims but failed. 
False. 
4. Jaichand defeated Muhammad Ghori. 
False.Jaichand was defeated by Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Firdausi wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
False. Alberuni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Mention three most important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni. 
Answer: 
The important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni were: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni raided India for the first time in 1000 AD. After that, he is said 
to have conquered India 17 times, till his death. He was resisted by King Jaipal 
and then by his son Anandpal but both of them were defeated. 
2. Between 1009 AD and 1026 AD, the places that Mahmud of Ghazni invaded were 
Kabul, Delhi, Kanauj, Mathura, Kangra, Thaneshwar, Kashmir, Gwalior, Malwa, 
Bundelkhand, Tripuri, Bengal and Punjab. 
3. In 1027 AD, he invaded the Somnath temple in Gujarat, on the coast of 
Saurashtra or Kathiwar. This was supposed to be his biggest invasion as he had 
looted all treasures and precious items of the fortified temple. 
Question 2. 
When and between whom were the Battles of Tarain fought? 
Answer: 
The battles of Tarain were fought between Ghori and Prithviraj in the year 1191 i.e. The 
First Battle of Tarain in which Ghori was defeated by Prithviraj, and second in the year 
1192 i.e. The Second Battle of Tarain in which Ghori won the battle. 
Question 3. 
How were the raids of Mahmud Ghazni different from the raids of Muhammad Ghori? 
Answer: 
During the thirty-three years of his reign, Mahmud Ghazni carried out seventeen raids 
on India. He was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in the Indian 
subcontinent. 
After 150 years of Mahmud’s invasions Muhammad of Ghor (hence called Ghori) 
attacked India. This laid the foundation of Turko-Afghan rule in India. At the time of his 
invasion five Rajput kingdoms were in power. They were the Rathors of Kanauj, 
Solankis of Gujarat, Chandelas of Bundelkhand, Parmars of Malwa and Chauhans of 
Delhi and Ajmer. Muhammad first captured Multan in AD 1175 and then moved on to 
Gujarat. He defeated the Solankis there. He also captured Punjab, Peshawar and 
Sialkot.Hence, Muhammad of Ghori was interested in setting up an empire in the Indian 
Subcontinent. 
V. Give Reason why: 
Question 1. 
Mahmud of Ghazni attacked India 
Answer: 
Mahmud of Ghazni attached India as he was in wealth rather than setting up an empire 
in the Indian subcontinent. 
Question 2. 
Turks succeeded against Rajputs 
Answer: 
1. The Rajputs were brave soldiers and skilled swordsmen. But they suffered defeat 
after defeat. The reasons for their defeat or, in other words, causes for Muslim 
success were the following: 
2. The Rajputs lacked unity. They were always fighting with each other. Prithviraj 
Chauhan and Jaichand could not unite against Muhammad Ghori. 
3. Rajput chiefs were jealous of each other. 
4. The Rajputs had no standing army of their own, and hence had to depend on the 
feudal lords for contingents. 
5. The Rajputs were no match for the quick and swift army and cavalry of the Central 
Asian warriors. 
VI. Guess who it is: 
1. wrote a book Kitab-ul-Hind. 
Ans. Alberuni. 
2. First Turkish invader to enter India north-west side. 
Ans. Mahumd of Ghazni. 
3. Beautified his city the most beautiful one, with the wealth gained in India. 
Ans. Mahmud of Ghazni. 
4. Laid the foundation of Turkish rule in India. 
Ans. Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Invaded India 17 times. 
Ans. Mahmud of Ghazni. 
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS 
(THE TURKISH INVADERS) 
A. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India seventeen times in the course of twenty 
five years 
2. Mahmud’s raids exposed the weakness of the northern states and paved the way 
for the conquest of India. 
3. Qutbuddin Aibak took control of Muhammad Ghori’s Indian possessions and laid 
the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate. 
4.  Iltutmish defeated the Rajput rulers of Ujjain, Ranthambore, 
Malwa, and Gwalior and brought the whole of North India upto the river Narmada 
under his control. 
5. The Caliph of Baghdad recognized Iltutmish as the sovereign of India. He was 
succeeded by his daughter Razia. 
 
 
 
Page 5


The Turkish Invaders 
Important Words 
? Ghazni and Ghor were the two important states established by the Turks. 
? Sultans were the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled from Delhi, their capital 
city. 
? Shahnama was written by the Persian poet Firdausi. It is the biography of Sultan 
Mahmud of Ghazni. 
? Lakhbaksh means ‘giver of lakhs’. Qutbuddin Aibak was given this name because 
of his generosity. 
? Muezzin is a man who calls Muslims to prayer, usually from the tower of a 
mosque. 
? Iqtas were the provinces into which the empire was divided. Each was 
administered by an officer called the 
? Divine kingship means that the king is considered a representative of God on 
earth. 
Time To Learn 
I. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud Ghazni invaded India to 17 times its wealth. 
2. Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in the second battle of Tarain. 
3. Alberuni, spent 10 years in India and wrote a book Kitab- ul-Hind. 
4. Firdausi wrote a famous epic named Shahnama. 
5. Mahmud Ghazni plundered Somnath temple in 1025 AD 
II. Match Column A with Column B: 
 
 
Answer: 
      Column A                                                     Column B 
 
 
III. State whether the following statements are True or False: 
1. Muhammad Ghori established the Muslim rule in India. 
True 
2. Mahmud was interested in setting up an empire in India. 
False.                                                                               . 
Mahmud was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in India. 
3. The Rajputs united to face the Turks or Muslims but failed. 
False. 
4. Jaichand defeated Muhammad Ghori. 
False.Jaichand was defeated by Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Firdausi wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
False. Alberuni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind. 
IV. Answer the following questions briefly: 
Question 1. 
Mention three most important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni. 
Answer: 
The important invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni were: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni raided India for the first time in 1000 AD. After that, he is said 
to have conquered India 17 times, till his death. He was resisted by King Jaipal 
and then by his son Anandpal but both of them were defeated. 
2. Between 1009 AD and 1026 AD, the places that Mahmud of Ghazni invaded were 
Kabul, Delhi, Kanauj, Mathura, Kangra, Thaneshwar, Kashmir, Gwalior, Malwa, 
Bundelkhand, Tripuri, Bengal and Punjab. 
3. In 1027 AD, he invaded the Somnath temple in Gujarat, on the coast of 
Saurashtra or Kathiwar. This was supposed to be his biggest invasion as he had 
looted all treasures and precious items of the fortified temple. 
Question 2. 
When and between whom were the Battles of Tarain fought? 
Answer: 
The battles of Tarain were fought between Ghori and Prithviraj in the year 1191 i.e. The 
First Battle of Tarain in which Ghori was defeated by Prithviraj, and second in the year 
1192 i.e. The Second Battle of Tarain in which Ghori won the battle. 
Question 3. 
How were the raids of Mahmud Ghazni different from the raids of Muhammad Ghori? 
Answer: 
During the thirty-three years of his reign, Mahmud Ghazni carried out seventeen raids 
on India. He was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in the Indian 
subcontinent. 
After 150 years of Mahmud’s invasions Muhammad of Ghor (hence called Ghori) 
attacked India. This laid the foundation of Turko-Afghan rule in India. At the time of his 
invasion five Rajput kingdoms were in power. They were the Rathors of Kanauj, 
Solankis of Gujarat, Chandelas of Bundelkhand, Parmars of Malwa and Chauhans of 
Delhi and Ajmer. Muhammad first captured Multan in AD 1175 and then moved on to 
Gujarat. He defeated the Solankis there. He also captured Punjab, Peshawar and 
Sialkot.Hence, Muhammad of Ghori was interested in setting up an empire in the Indian 
Subcontinent. 
V. Give Reason why: 
Question 1. 
Mahmud of Ghazni attacked India 
Answer: 
Mahmud of Ghazni attached India as he was in wealth rather than setting up an empire 
in the Indian subcontinent. 
Question 2. 
Turks succeeded against Rajputs 
Answer: 
1. The Rajputs were brave soldiers and skilled swordsmen. But they suffered defeat 
after defeat. The reasons for their defeat or, in other words, causes for Muslim 
success were the following: 
2. The Rajputs lacked unity. They were always fighting with each other. Prithviraj 
Chauhan and Jaichand could not unite against Muhammad Ghori. 
3. Rajput chiefs were jealous of each other. 
4. The Rajputs had no standing army of their own, and hence had to depend on the 
feudal lords for contingents. 
5. The Rajputs were no match for the quick and swift army and cavalry of the Central 
Asian warriors. 
VI. Guess who it is: 
1. wrote a book Kitab-ul-Hind. 
Ans. Alberuni. 
2. First Turkish invader to enter India north-west side. 
Ans. Mahumd of Ghazni. 
3. Beautified his city the most beautiful one, with the wealth gained in India. 
Ans. Mahmud of Ghazni. 
4. Laid the foundation of Turkish rule in India. 
Ans. Muhammad Ghori. 
5. Invaded India 17 times. 
Ans. Mahmud of Ghazni. 
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS 
(THE TURKISH INVADERS) 
A. Fill in the blanks: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India seventeen times in the course of twenty 
five years 
2. Mahmud’s raids exposed the weakness of the northern states and paved the way 
for the conquest of India. 
3. Qutbuddin Aibak took control of Muhammad Ghori’s Indian possessions and laid 
the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate. 
4.  Iltutmish defeated the Rajput rulers of Ujjain, Ranthambore, 
Malwa, and Gwalior and brought the whole of North India upto the river Narmada 
under his control. 
5. The Caliph of Baghdad recognized Iltutmish as the sovereign of India. He was 
succeeded by his daughter Razia. 
 
 
 
B. Match the following: 
 
 
 
Answer: 
 
C. Choose the correct answer: 
1. Mahmud of Ghazni was a powerful/weak/inefficient 
Ans. Mahmud of Ghazni was a powerful ruler.