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Theory of Demographic Transition Video Lecture | Sociology Class 12 - Humanities/Arts

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FAQs on Theory of Demographic Transition Video Lecture - Sociology Class 12 - Humanities/Arts

1. What is the theory of demographic transition?
Ans. The theory of demographic transition is a model that describes the population patterns of countries as they undergo economic development. It suggests that as a country moves from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system, its population experiences a transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
2. How many stages are there in the theory of demographic transition?
Ans. The theory of demographic transition proposes four stages. In the first stage, both birth and death rates are high, resulting in slow population growth. The second stage is characterized by declining death rates due to improvements in healthcare and sanitation, leading to rapid population growth. In the third stage, birth rates start to decline, resulting in a slower population growth rate. Finally, in the fourth stage, both birth and death rates are low, leading to a stable or declining population.
3. What factors contribute to the decline in birth rates during the demographic transition?
Ans. Several factors contribute to the decline in birth rates during the demographic transition. These include increased access to contraception and family planning services, improved education and empowerment of women, urbanization and industrialization, and changes in societal norms and values regarding family size.
4. How does the theory of demographic transition impact a country's population structure?
Ans. The theory of demographic transition has significant implications for a country's population structure. As birth rates decline and life expectancy increases, the proportion of elderly individuals in the population tends to rise. This leads to an aging population, which can have implications for healthcare, social security, and labor force dynamics.
5. Are there any criticisms or limitations of the theory of demographic transition?
Ans. Yes, there are criticisms and limitations of the theory of demographic transition. Some argue that the model oversimplifies the complex factors that influence population dynamics, such as cultural, political, and economic factors. Additionally, it has been criticized for not adequately addressing the impact of migration and the potential for countries to skip stages of the transition. Furthermore, the theory does not account for variations in population patterns among different countries and regions.
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