Thermal Power Plant Video Lecture - Class 10

hello friends this video on sources of
energy part 5 is brought to you by exam
dorm no move here from exam so now let's
look at the fourth type that is thermal
power plants so we have we are done with
the fossil fuels so we saw we have three
categories of fossil fuels that is coal
petroleum and natural gas or in all of
them the main constituent is carbon they
are all formed by the decomposition of
dead plants or animals right and they
are extremely good source of energy in
the sense that they produce a lot of
heat energy so only in that sense they
are a good source of energy now let us
look at another conventional source of
energy that is the thermal power plant
so what does a thermal power plant now
as the main means is thermal so thermal
means something related to heat so a
thermal power plant is is an arrangement
which converts heat energy into
electrical energy
so in this power plant we actually
generate electricity so how do we
generate electricity making use of heat
energy so from where do we get this heat
energy so we get this lead energy by
burning huge amount of fossil fuels so
just now we spoke about fossil fuels
like coal petroleum and natural gas so
in old days these coal petroleum and
natural gas were burnt to generate
energy now this heat this was generated
this heat energy was then converted into
electrical energy in thermal power
plants so that is how the fossil fuels
also help in generation of electricity
remaining thermal power plants and
located near coal fields or oil fields
that's because you mean a huge amount of
fossil fuels to generate the huge amount
of heat right so now if you allocate
your thermal power plant far away from
the coal fields then you will have to
take the hassle of transporting the coal
from the coal field to that thermal
power plant right so that will again
involve so much of time that will again
involve so much of cost right so it is
always better that thermal power plants
are funds constructed
year to all fields or oil fields so that
we can get the fossil fuels handy now
what exactly happens in case of a
terrible power plant now in a thermal
power plant you have your fossil fuels
which when burned a large amount of heat
energy is generated so what happens to
that heat energy now that heat energy is
used or that steam which is produced is
used to turn the turbine of an electric
generator I mean what which device
generates electrical energy or
electricity
it is electric generator now in every
electric generator you have a turbine
what does it sell by now so if you look
at the construction I mean you will
study about electric generator in your
higher classes in fact in fact you we
have studied about electric generator in
our in one of our previous lessons like
where we talked about electric motor
electric generator so what does electric
generator it is a device which produce
electricity so in the electric generator
you have a turbine it is a structure
like this which rotates so as it rotates
rotation means mechanical energy right
so as it rotates the mechanical energy
of the turbine gets converted into
electrical energy
now how this mechanical energy produces
electricity that is I have explained
when I discussed about the working of
the electric generator if you want to
have a quick review please refer to the
topic on electric generator on which we
discussed in lesson magnetic effects of
current right so that means if I want to
generate electricity my main aim is to
rotate the turbine now in order to
rotate the turbine I need some energy so
from there we'll get energy come in ease
of a thermal power plant that energy to
rotate the turbine comes from that heat
energy which is produced by burning
fossil fuels right so you've burn the
fossil fuels you get lot of heat energy
this heat energy is used to turn the
turbine as the turbine rotates the
electric generator generates electricity
correct okay so now let us look at the
disadvantages with
since that time we have been talking
about fossil fuels we have been telling
so much of energy is produced and how
they are formed and things like as an
honor to see what is the disadvantage is
avoid the first one air pollution so the
first and the major disadvantage with
fossil fuels meaning burn coal evading
burn
petroleum a large amount of smoke is
produced which pollutes the air and this
air pollution has become a mere a threat
to human life now I mean because of
pollution you get so many Swan Swan
diseases at the same time it becomes so
difficult for you to since to lead a
healthy life so it the first is that it
causes air pollution the second one is
acid rain what does acid rain now when
the fossil fuels are burned
now several products are formed now out
of that acidic oxides are also gone
acidic oxides like oxides of carbon
oxides of nitrogen oxides of sulfur and
produced when fossil fuels are burned
now these acidic oxides are extremely
harmful to help now these are these
acidic oxides are present in the
atmosphere and sometimes when it rains
the rain water gets mixed with these
acidic oxides and then we call that rain
as acid rain
so that acid rain has several harmful
effects not only on the health of the
the human life but also on many other
objects for example I will give an
example though one of the one of the
seven wonders of the wall that is a Taj
Mahal in India you would have seen that
when it was and long long back when it
was actually constructed it was so
bright and beautiful but now as with
passage of years the the white color of
the monument is actually turning
blackish and the reason behind that is
nothing but acid rain so because of this
acid rain these acidic oxides actually
turn things black they they it is
extremely harmful to health as well so
this is again another good one
disadvantage with for some trip the
third one is very
house effect what does greenhouse effect
we all know that okay let me quickly
discuss greenhouse effect so that will
become easier for you to understand so
when I say greenhouse effect it means
that we all know that we get a lot of
energy from the Sun so Sun sends its
sunlight to the surface of the earth
right now a part of the energy gets
absorbed by the atmosphere and a portion
of it reaches the surface of the earth
now there are certain gases which are
present in the earth atmosphere for
example carbon dioxide for example
meeting so these gases have a property
that they allow the radiation to reach
the surface of the earth but they don't
allow to go back that means these gases
actually trap some of the sunlight
within the surface of the earth so that
life can sustain on earth because in
order to like in order that life exists
or life sustains on earth the
temperature on the earth has to be
proper I mean the temperature should
neither be very low the temperature
should not be very high because at
extreme low and extreme high
temperatures life cannot exist right so
in order to maintain that optimum
temperature these gases that is carbon
dioxide and methane they have this
property that they allow the sunlight to
reach the surface of the earth but they
do not allowed to go out so that it's
the trap some of the heat energy and
thus maintains the temperature of the
earth but these days what is happening
is that by burning fossil fuels more and
more of such gases are being produced
now these gases that is carbon dioxide
or methane gas they are known as
greenhouse gases right now burning of
fossil fuels have increased the
production of greenhouse gases now as
more and more greenhouse gases are
produced what happens more and more
energy of the Sun is trapped that means
the temperature of the earth is
increasing and that is what is happening
for the past few years gradually that
overall temperature of the earth is
actually started increasing now if the
temperature keeps on increasing in this
way
a day will come where the temperature
will become so high that even on earth
life cannot exist right so that is why
people say that global warming has now
become a an international concern it has
become a concern for the existence of
life on Earth so that is why you hear so
many news on global warming what is
global warming that means warming which
is taking place of globally so the
temperature is increasing global and
this temperature is increasing because
of more greenhouse gases and the burning
of fossil fuels increases the amount of
greenhouse gases so it adds to this
global warming so the activist
advantages roughly includes air
pollution by producing so much of smoke
and dust by burning fossil fuels acid
rain by producing acidic oxides on
burning of fossil fuels and again the
increasing by increasing the production
of greenhouse gases it it adds on to the
phenomenon of global warming thank you
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