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Transport in plants: Phloem; translocation - Life Processes, Science, Class 10 Video Lecture

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FAQs on Transport in plants: Phloem; translocation - Life Processes, Science, Class 10 Video Lecture

1. What is the function of phloem in plants?
Ans. Phloem is responsible for the transportation of organic materials, such as sugars and amino acids, from the leaves to other parts of the plant. It plays a crucial role in distributing nutrients and providing energy for growth and development.
2. How does translocation occur in plants?
Ans. Translocation is the process by which organic compounds are transported through the phloem. It occurs through a process called pressure flow mechanism. Sugars produced in the leaves are actively transported into the phloem, creating a high concentration of solutes. This causes water to move into the phloem from surrounding cells, creating pressure that pushes the solutes to other parts of the plant.
3. What are the factors that affect translocation in plants?
Ans. Several factors can affect translocation in plants. Temperature plays a significant role as it affects the rate of metabolic activities and the fluidity of the sap in the phloem. The availability of water and nutrients also influences translocation, as they are essential components of the sap. Hormones, such as auxins, can also regulate translocation by influencing the opening and closing of the sieve tubes in the phloem.
4. How do plants maintain the direction of translocation?
Ans. Plants maintain the direction of translocation through the selective loading and unloading of solutes in the phloem. The source, usually the leaves, actively loads sugars into the phloem. The sink, which can be any part of the plant where sugars are needed, actively unloads the sugars from the phloem. This creates a concentration gradient that ensures the movement of sugars in the desired direction.
5. What are the similarities and differences between xylem and phloem?
Ans. Both xylem and phloem are vascular tissues involved in the transport of substances in plants. However, they have some distinct differences. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while phloem transports organic compounds, such as sugars, throughout the plant. Xylem consists of dead cells, whereas phloem consists of living cells. Xylem operates through a passive process, while phloem utilizes active transport.
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