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Why Did the Soviet Union Collapse? Video Lecture | Political Science Class 12 - Humanities/Arts
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| 1. Why did the Soviet Union collapse? |  |
Ans. The Soviet Union collapsed due to a combination of internal and external factors. Internally, economic stagnation, political corruption, and a lack of individual freedoms and democracy eroded the support and legitimacy of the Soviet regime. Externally, the arms race and military expenditures strained the Soviet economy, while the Soviet Union's satellite states in Eastern Europe sought independence, leading to a loss of control and influence.
| 2. How did economic stagnation contribute to the collapse of the Soviet Union? | |
Ans. Economic stagnation played a significant role in the collapse of the Soviet Union. The centrally planned economy failed to keep up with the technological advancements and productivity of Western economies. This resulted in shortages of consumer goods, declining living standards, and a lack of innovation. The inefficient allocation of resources, combined with a bloated bureaucracy and widespread corruption, led to economic decline and contributed to widespread disillusionment among the population.
| 3. What role did political corruption play in the collapse of the Soviet Union? | |
Ans. Political corruption was rampant within the Soviet Union and contributed to its collapse. The ruling elite, including party officials and government bureaucrats, often abused their positions for personal gain. This led to a lack of trust and credibility in the government, as well as a growing gap between the privileged few and the rest of the population. The perception of widespread corruption undermined the legitimacy of the Soviet regime and fueled public discontent.
| 4. How did the arms race and military expenditures impact the collapse of the Soviet Union? | |
Ans. The arms race and military expenditures had a significant impact on the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union invested heavily in its military, diverting resources from other sectors of the economy. This strained the Soviet economy, leading to a decline in living standards and a lack of investment in critical infrastructure and consumer goods. The arms race with the United States also contributed to a sense of ideological and economic competition, further exacerbating the economic and political challenges faced by the Soviet Union.
| 5. What role did the desire for independence among Eastern European countries play in the collapse of the Soviet Union? | |
Ans. The desire for independence among Eastern European countries played a crucial role in the collapse of the Soviet Union. As the Soviet Union exerted control over its satellite states in Eastern Europe, the people of these countries increasingly sought independence and democratic reforms. Movements such as Solidarity in Poland and the Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia challenged Soviet influence and paved the way for greater political freedom. The loss of control over these satellite states weakened the Soviet Union's grip on power and contributed to its ultimate collapse.
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