Worksheet Solutions: Mechanical Projects - 1 | DIY Science Fun: Cool School Projects - Class 6 PDF Download

Fill in the Blanks

Q1: A hydraulic crane is a machine designed for lifting and loading _________ loads.
Ans: heavy
Hydraulic cranes are designed to lift and load heavy objects, not lightweight ones. They are used in industries where heavy lifting is required.

Q2: Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted to the liquid and the container's _________.
Ans: walls
Pascal's law describes how pressure is transmitted in a fluid. When pressure is applied to the fluid inside a closed container, it exerts force not only on the liquid but also on the walls of the container.

Q3: Pressure is defined as the force applied perpendicularly to a unit area, and it can be calculated using the formula P = _________.
Ans: P = F/A
Pressure (P) is defined as the force (F) applied perpendicularly to a unit area (A). The formula P = F/A represents this relationship, where pressure is the result of force distributed over a specific area.

Q4: Hydraulic systems find numerous applications in various industries, such as hydraulic lifts, hydraulic doors, hydraulic brakes, and hydraulic _________.
Ans: jacks
Hydraulic systems are used in various applications, including hydraulic lifts for elevating vehicles, hydraulic doors for controlled opening and closing, hydraulic brakes in vehicles, and hydraulic jacks for lifting heavy loads.

Q5: In the hydraulic crane project, water under pressure flows into another syringe, causing it to move and _________ the loa(d)
Ans: lift
In the hydraulic crane project, as water under pressure flows into another syringe, it exerts force on that syringe, causing it to move and consequently lifting the load attached to the crane.

Q6: The advantages of hydraulic cranes include increased work speed, reduced effort, decreased workforce, and cost _________.
Ans: efficiency
Hydraulic cranes offer advantages such as faster work completion, less physical effort required from operators, reduced workforce requirements, and improved cost efficiency in various applications.

Q7: To ensure safety during the hydraulic crane science project, always wear _________ throughout the project.
Ans: safety glasses
Safety glasses should be worn during the hydraulic crane project to protect the eyes from potential hazards like splashes or debris when working with materials and tools.

Q8: When using sharp tools, exercise caution to avoid _________.
Ans: injuries
It's important to handle sharp tools with caution to prevent injuries. Proper handling and cutting techniques should be followed to minimize the risk of accidents.

Q9: It is important to carry out the science project under _________ supervision.
Ans: adult
Adult supervision is recommended during the hydraulic crane science project to ensure the safety and guidance of students, especially when handling tools and materials.

Q10: The hydraulic crane project not only enhances scientific knowledge but also promotes _________ and problem-solving skills.
Ans: creativity
Building and experimenting with the hydraulic crane model encourage creativity and problem-solving skills among students, as they learn and apply scientific principles to construct a working model.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Q1: What is the main component needed for constructing the hydraulic system in the crane project?
(a) Wooden blocks
(b) Cardboard
(c) Syringe
(d) Bamboo sticks
Ans: (c) Syringe
The main component needed for constructing the hydraulic system in the crane project is a syringe.

Q2: Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted to the _________.
(a) Solid objects
(b) Liquid and the container's walls
(c) Air surrounding the container
(d) Operator of the machine
Ans: (b) Liquid and the container's walls
Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted to the liquid and the container's walls.

Q3: Pressure is defined as the force applied perpendicularly to a unit are(a) What is the unit of pressure?
(a) Newton
(b) Pascal
(c) Joule
(d) Kilogram
Ans: (b) Pascal
The unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), which is equal to one newton per square meter (N/m²).

Q4: What is the purpose of a rubber connector in the hydraulic crane project?
(a) To connect the crane to a power source
(b) To attach the load box to the crane
(c) To connect the medical pipe to the syringe
(d) To secure the crane to the base
Ans: (c) To connect the medical pipe to the syringe
The rubber connector in the hydraulic crane project is used to connect the medical pipe to the syringe, allowing the flow of pressurized fluid.

Q5: What concept does the hydraulic crane project help students understand?
(a) Newton's laws of motion
(b) Pascal's law
(c) Ohm's law
(d) Archimedes' principle
Ans: (b) Pascal's law
The hydraulic crane project helps students understand Pascal's law, which relates to the transmission of pressure in a closed fluid system.

True and False

Q1: True or False: A hydraulic crane is designed for lifting and loading lightweight objects
Ans: False
A hydraulic crane is designed for lifting and loading heavy objects, not lightweight ones.

Q2: True or False: Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted only to the liquid.
Ans: True
Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted to the liquid and the container's walls.

Q3: True or False: Pressure is defined as the force applied perpendicularly to a unit area, and it is measured in volts.
Ans: False
Pressure is measured in pascals (Pa), not volts.

Q4: True or False: Hydraulic systems have no practical applications in industries other than construction.
Ans: False
Hydraulic systems have various practical applications in industries, including construction, automotive, and manufacturing.

Q5 True or False: Safety glasses should be worn during the hydraulic crane project to protect the eyes.
Ans: True
Safety glasses should be worn during the hydraulic crane project to protect the eyes from potential hazards.

Short Answer Questions

Q1: Explain Pascal's law and how it relates to hydraulic systems.
Ans: Pascal's law states that when pressure is applied to a fluid within a closed container, the force is transmitted equally in all directions. In hydraulic systems, this means that when pressure is applied to one part of the system, it is transmitted to other parts, allowing for controlled movement and force amplification.

Q2: Describe the main components of the hydraulic crane model.
Ans: The main components of the hydraulic crane model include syringes, wooden blocks, a long wooden stick, a nut and bolt for the fulcrum, a plywood base (or cardboard), a connecting pipe, markers, a cutting mat, hot melting glue, cutters, bamboo sticks, and scissors.

Q3: What is the unit of pressure, and how is it calculated?
Ans: The unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), and it is calculated using the formula P = F/A, where P is pressure, F is force, and A is the area over which the force is applied.

Q4: Provide two examples of applications of hydraulic systems in everyday life.
Ans: Examples of applications of hydraulic systems in everyday life include hydraulic lifts in car repair shops and elevators in buildings.

Q5: Why is it important to wear safety glasses during the hydraulic crane project?
Ans: Safety glasses should be worn during the hydraulic crane project to protect the eyes from potential splashes or debris when working with materials and tools.

Q6: What are the advantages of using hydraulic cranes in industrial applications?
Ans: The advantages of using hydraulic cranes in industrial applications include increased work speed, reduced physical effort for operators, decreased workforce requirements, and cost efficiency.

Q7: How does the hydraulic crane project promote scientific understanding and problem-solving skills among students?
Ans: The hydraulic crane project promotes scientific understanding by teaching concepts such as Pascal's law and the application of hydraulic systems. It also encourages problem-solving skills as students build and experiment with the crane model.

Q8: What safety measures should be followed when handling sharp tools during the project?
Ans: When handling sharp tools during the project, students should exercise caution to avoid injuries. Always cut away from the body, keep fingers away from sharp edges, and follow proper tool usage guidelines.

Q9: Why is adult supervision recommended when conducting the hydraulic crane science project?
Ans: Adult supervision is recommended during the hydraulic crane science project to ensure the safety and guidance of students, especially when handling tools and materials.

Q10: In the hydraulic crane model, how does the movement of water under pressure lift the load? Explain the scientific principle behind it.
Ans: In the hydraulic crane model, when pressure is applied to one syringe, water is pushed through the connecting pipe into the other syringe. This causes the second syringe to move, which in turn lifts the load. The movement is based on Pascal's law, which states that pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted uniformly throughout the fluid.