Worksheets With Solutions: Climate and Adaptation Class 7 Worksheet Science

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions

Correct Answer is Option (b)
Weather describes the current state of the atmosphere, including temperature, precipitation, wind, and other atmospheric conditions.

Q.2. What is a weather forecast?
(a) A prediction of the long-term average weather conditions in a region
(b) A prediction of the current state of the atmosphere in a region
(c) A prediction of the typical range of temperature in a region
(d) A prediction of the patterns of precipitation in a region

Correct Answer is Option (b)
A weather forecast is a prediction of what the weather will be like in the near future, usually for the next few days.

Q.3. Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects climate?
(a) Latitude
(b) Altitude
(c) Ocean currents
(d) Wind speed

Correct Answer is Option (d)
While wind speed can affect weather patterns, it is not considered a factor that affects climate in the same way that latitude, altitude, and ocean currents do.

Q.4. Which of the following describes adaptation to climate?
(a) The process by which humans change the climate to suit their needs
(b) The process by which animals change their behavior or physical features to survive in a particular climate
(c) The process by which plants change their growth patterns to adapt to changing climates
(d) The process by which the climate changes naturally over time

Correct Answer is Option (b)

Adaptation to climate refers to the way that animals change in order to survive in a particular climate, such as growing thicker fur in colder climates or migrating to warmer areas in the winter.

Q.5. Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the climate of the Earth?
(a) Solar radiation
(b) The tilt of the Earth's axis
(c) The rotation of the Earth
(d) The size of the Earth

Correct Answer is Option (d)

While the size of the Earth may affect the overall amount of solar radiation that reaches the planet, it is not considered a factor that affects the climate of the Earth in the same way that the tilt of the Earth's axis, solar radiation, and ocean currents do.

Section B: Short Questions

Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, rainfall, and other weather conditions in a particular area. Weather refers to the short-term conditions of the atmosphere, such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. For example, the climate of a desert is hot and dry, while the weather on a particular day in a desert may be sunny and windy.

Q.2. Name three factors that affect climate. Explain how each factor affects climate.

Three factors that affect climate are latitude, altitude, and distance from the ocean. Latitude affects climate because areas near the equator receive more solar radiation than areas near the poles. Altitude affects climate because as altitude increases, temperature decreases. Distance from the ocean affects climate because ocean currents can affect temperature and precipitation in coastal areas.

Q.3. What is adaptation to climate? Give an example of an animal that has adapted to live in a cold climate.

Adaptation to climate refers to the process by which animals or plants change their behavior or physical characteristics to survive in a particular climate. An example of an animal that has adapted to live in a cold climate is the Arctic fox, which has thick fur and a low surface area-to-volume ratio to help it retain heat.

Q.4. What are the factors that affect the climate of the Earth? Explain how each factor affects the climate.

The factors that affect the climate of the Earth are human activities, ocean currents, atmospheric pressure, solar radiation, and volcanic eruptions. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, can release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and contribute to climate change. Ocean currents can affect temperature and precipitation in coastal areas. Atmospheric pressure can affect wind patterns and precipitation. Solar radiation affects the amount of heat that reaches the Earth's surface. Volcanic eruptions can release particles into the atmosphere that reflect sunlight and cool the Earth's surface.

Q.5. What is an extremely cold climate? Name two adaptations that animals have made to survive in extremely cold climates.

An extremely cold climate is a climate in which the average temperature is below freezing for most of the year. Two adaptations that animals have made to survive in extremely cold climates are having thick fur or feathers to retain heat, and having a low surface area-to-volume ratio to reduce heat loss.

Section C: Fill in the Blanks 

Q.1. The study of the atmospheric conditions that are characteristic of a particular region is known as _________.

The study of the atmospheric conditions that are characteristic of a particular region is known as climate.

Q.2. The process of predicting the weather is called _________.

The process of predicting the weather is called weather forecast.

Q.3. The average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time is known as its _________.

The average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time is known as its climate.

Q.4. The amount of heat and light received by the earth is influenced by its _________.

The amount of heat and light received by the earth is influenced by its distance from the sun.

Q.5. The ___________ of a place determines the type of vegetation, animals, and human activities that can thrive in that region.

The climate of a place determines the type of vegetation, animals, and human activities that can thrive in that region.

Section D: Match the Column

Section E: True/False 

Q.1. Weather and climate are the same things.

False
Weather and climate are not the same things. Weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation, whereas climate refers to the long-term average of weather patterns over a period of time.

Q.2. The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that occurs on Earth.

True

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that occurs on Earth. It refers to the process by which certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, keeping the planet warm enough to support life. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be too cold for life to exist.

Q.3. The Earth's tilt does not affect the climate of a place.

False
The Earth's tilt does affect the climate of a place. The tilt of the Earth's axis causes seasonal changes in temperature and daylight hours, which in turn affect the climate of different regions. For example, the tilt causes the Northern Hemisphere to experience winter when it is tilted away from the sun and summer when it is tilted towards the sun.

Q.4. All animals adapt themselves to live in the same type of climate.

False

Not all animals adapt themselves to live in the same type of climate. Different species have different adaptations that allow them to survive in different types of environments. For example, camels are adapted to survive in hot and dry deserts, while polar bears are adapted to survive in cold and snowy environments.

Q.5. Polar bears are adapted to live in extremely hot climates.

False
Polar bears are adapted to live in extremely cold climates, not hot climates. They have thick fur, a layer of blubber for insulation, and large paws that help them walk on snow and ice. These adaptations allow them to survive in the harsh Arctic environment where they live.