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* CHAPTER - 7 
CONTROL  AND  
COORDINATION 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
Page 2


* CHAPTER - 7 
CONTROL  AND  
COORDINATION 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
     The changes in the environment to which living 
organisms respond are called stimuli. 
  Eg :- heat, cold, sound, smell, taste, touch, pressure, 
gravity, water etc.  
   Living organisms respond to stimuli in the form of body 
movements.  
b) Coordination :- 
   For a proper response to a stimulus many organs in the 
body should work together. The working together of various 
organs in an organism to produce a proper response to a 
stimulus is called coordination. 
 i) In animals control and co ordination is done by the 
nervous system and endocrine system.  
ii) In plants control and co ordination is done by chemical 
substances called plant hormones or phytohormones.  
* 1a) Stimuli :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
Page 3


* CHAPTER - 7 
CONTROL  AND  
COORDINATION 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
     The changes in the environment to which living 
organisms respond are called stimuli. 
  Eg :- heat, cold, sound, smell, taste, touch, pressure, 
gravity, water etc.  
   Living organisms respond to stimuli in the form of body 
movements.  
b) Coordination :- 
   For a proper response to a stimulus many organs in the 
body should work together. The working together of various 
organs in an organism to produce a proper response to a 
stimulus is called coordination. 
 i) In animals control and co ordination is done by the 
nervous system and endocrine system.  
ii) In plants control and co ordination is done by chemical 
substances called plant hormones or phytohormones.  
* 1a) Stimuli :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
          In animals control and co ordination is done by the nervous system  
     and endocrine system.  
        The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. 
a) Receptors :- are the sense organs which receive the stimuli and  
     pass the message to the brain or spinal cord through the sensory  
     nerves. 
     Eg :- Photoreceptors in the eyes to detect light.  
              Phonoreceptors in the ears to detect sound. 
              Olfactory receptors in the nose to detect smell. 
              Gustatory receptors in the tongue to detect taste. 
              Tangoreceptors in the skin to detect touch.  
b) Effectors :- are the muscles and glands which respond to the  
     information from the brain and spinal cord through the motor nerves. 
c) Sensory nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the  
     receptors (sense organs) to the brain and spinal cord. 
d) Motor nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the brain  
     and spinal cord to the effectors (muscles and glands). 
 
* 2) Coordination in animals :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
Page 4


* CHAPTER - 7 
CONTROL  AND  
COORDINATION 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
     The changes in the environment to which living 
organisms respond are called stimuli. 
  Eg :- heat, cold, sound, smell, taste, touch, pressure, 
gravity, water etc.  
   Living organisms respond to stimuli in the form of body 
movements.  
b) Coordination :- 
   For a proper response to a stimulus many organs in the 
body should work together. The working together of various 
organs in an organism to produce a proper response to a 
stimulus is called coordination. 
 i) In animals control and co ordination is done by the 
nervous system and endocrine system.  
ii) In plants control and co ordination is done by chemical 
substances called plant hormones or phytohormones.  
* 1a) Stimuli :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
          In animals control and co ordination is done by the nervous system  
     and endocrine system.  
        The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. 
a) Receptors :- are the sense organs which receive the stimuli and  
     pass the message to the brain or spinal cord through the sensory  
     nerves. 
     Eg :- Photoreceptors in the eyes to detect light.  
              Phonoreceptors in the ears to detect sound. 
              Olfactory receptors in the nose to detect smell. 
              Gustatory receptors in the tongue to detect taste. 
              Tangoreceptors in the skin to detect touch.  
b) Effectors :- are the muscles and glands which respond to the  
     information from the brain and spinal cord through the motor nerves. 
c) Sensory nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the  
     receptors (sense organs) to the brain and spinal cord. 
d) Motor nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the brain  
     and spinal cord to the effectors (muscles and glands). 
 
* 2) Coordination in animals :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
* HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
Page 5


* CHAPTER - 7 
CONTROL  AND  
COORDINATION 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
     The changes in the environment to which living 
organisms respond are called stimuli. 
  Eg :- heat, cold, sound, smell, taste, touch, pressure, 
gravity, water etc.  
   Living organisms respond to stimuli in the form of body 
movements.  
b) Coordination :- 
   For a proper response to a stimulus many organs in the 
body should work together. The working together of various 
organs in an organism to produce a proper response to a 
stimulus is called coordination. 
 i) In animals control and co ordination is done by the 
nervous system and endocrine system.  
ii) In plants control and co ordination is done by chemical 
substances called plant hormones or phytohormones.  
* 1a) Stimuli :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
          In animals control and co ordination is done by the nervous system  
     and endocrine system.  
        The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. 
a) Receptors :- are the sense organs which receive the stimuli and  
     pass the message to the brain or spinal cord through the sensory  
     nerves. 
     Eg :- Photoreceptors in the eyes to detect light.  
              Phonoreceptors in the ears to detect sound. 
              Olfactory receptors in the nose to detect smell. 
              Gustatory receptors in the tongue to detect taste. 
              Tangoreceptors in the skin to detect touch.  
b) Effectors :- are the muscles and glands which respond to the  
     information from the brain and spinal cord through the motor nerves. 
c) Sensory nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the  
     receptors (sense organs) to the brain and spinal cord. 
d) Motor nerves :- are nerves which carry information from the brain  
     and spinal cord to the effectors (muscles and glands). 
 
* 2) Coordination in animals :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
* HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
 a) Parts of the nervous system :- 
      The human nervous system consists of the Central Nervous System  
      and Peripheral Nervous System. 
 i) The central nervous system :- consists of the brain, and spinal  
     cord. 
ii) The peripheral nervous system:- consists of cranial nerves  
     arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord.  
* 3) Human nervous system :- 
© Galaxysite.weebly.com - All Rights Reserved 
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FAQs on Control and Coordination (Chapter 7) - PPT, Class 10 Science

1. What is the main topic of Chapter 7 in Class 10 Science?
Ans. The main topic of Chapter 7 in Class 10 Science is Control and Coordination.
2. What is the difference between nervous and hormonal control?
Ans. Nervous control is fast, specific, and short-lived, whereas hormonal control is slow, widespread, and long-lasting.
3. What is a reflex action?
Ans. A reflex action is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus that does not require involvement of the brain, but is controlled by the spinal cord.
4. How does the human ear convert sound waves into nerve impulses?
Ans. The human ear converts sound waves into nerve impulses through a complex mechanism involving the eardrum, three small bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup), and the cochlea, which contains thousands of tiny hair cells that convert the vibrations into nerve impulses.
5. What are the different types of receptors in the human body?
Ans. The different types of receptors in the human body are photoreceptors (in the eyes), mechanoreceptors (in the skin and ears), chemoreceptors (in the nose and taste buds), and thermoreceptors (in the skin).
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