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Solid, Liquid and Gases Video Lecture | Science Olympiad Class 4

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FAQs on Solid, Liquid and Gases Video Lecture - Science Olympiad Class 4

1. What are the three states of matter?
Ans. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. In solids, particles are tightly packed together and have a fixed shape and volume. Liquids have particles that are close together but can move around, giving them a fixed volume but not a fixed shape. Gases have particles that are far apart and can move freely, allowing them to change both shape and volume.
2. What is the difference between a solid and a liquid?
Ans. The main difference between a solid and a liquid is in the arrangement and movement of their particles. In a solid, particles are tightly packed together and only vibrate in place. This gives solids a fixed shape and volume. In a liquid, particles are close together but able to move around. They have more freedom of movement compared to solids, resulting in a fixed volume but not a fixed shape.
3. How do substances change from one state to another?
Ans. Substances can change from one state to another through the processes of melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation. Melting occurs when a solid changes into a liquid, while freezing is the reverse process. Evaporation happens when a liquid changes into a gas, and condensation is the opposite process. Sublimation occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas without going through the liquid state.
4. What factors affect the state of matter?
Ans. The state of matter can be influenced by temperature and pressure. Generally, increasing the temperature of a substance causes it to change from a solid to a liquid and then to a gas. Decreasing the temperature leads to the reverse changes. Pressure also plays a role, especially in gases. Increasing pressure can cause a gas to become a liquid, while decreasing pressure can cause a liquid to become a gas.
5. Can matter exist in more than one state at the same time?
Ans. Yes, matter can exist in more than one state at the same time under certain conditions. This is known as a phase transition or a phase equilibrium. For example, at the freezing point of water, both solid ice and liquid water can coexist. Similarly, at the boiling point of water, both liquid water and water vapor (gas) can coexist. These phase transitions occur at specific temperatures and pressures where the two states are in equilibrium.
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