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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science - Freedom

Q1: What is meant by freedom? Is there a relationship between freedom for the individual and freedom for the nation?
Ans:
Freedom refers to do all those things which do not harm to others and, are essential for a person’s own development. There is a close relationship between the freedom for individual and for the nation because:

  • If a nation is free, every individual of it, will be free to enhance their creativities and capabilities.
  • Development of a nation depends on cooperation, creativity and capabilities of individuals, which can be exercised in the absence of external constraints.
  • A free society enables all its members to develop their potentials with the minimum of social constraints
  • Though, no society can be imagined without the absence of constraints but it is necessary to determine whether it is acceptable or justified.
  • Social constraints are necessary to be examined through debates, discussions between individual and the society.

Q2: What is the difference between the negative and positive conception of liberty?
Ans:

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science - Freedom

Q3: What is meant by social constraints? Are constraints of any kind necessary for enjoying freedom?
Ans:
Social constraints refer to the restrictions imposed by the society whosoever is unauthorized for the same.
Necessity of constraints:

  • There are various sections who demand a ban on films, books, articles, journals, etc.
  • Though banning is an easy solution for the short term to meet the demand immediately, but it is very harmful for long term prospects due to development of this habit only.
  • If we willingly accept restrictions to pursue our goals or ambitions our freedom is not limited. In any case if we are not coerced into accepting the conditions we cannot claim to be curtailed freedom.

Q4: What is the role of the state in upholding freedom of its citizens?
Ans:

  • The state upholds the freedom of its citizens by providing certain rights to them.
  • The state maintains 'justifiable constraints' or reasonable restrictions on people so that they cannot harm others and their freedom.
  • It provides positive liberty to its citizens to enable them to expand their ability and talent.
  • It defines and checks 'other regarding' actions of its people in order to maintain social stability.

Q5: What is meant by freedom of expression? What in your view would be a reasonable restriction on this freedom? Give examples.
Ans:

  • Freedom of expression means the freedom to express one's views through speech, writing etc.
  • It is considered to belong to the minimum area of 'non-interference', that is, negative liberty.
  • According to the provisions of the Indian Constitution, this is a fundamental right.
  • Society bears some inconvenience caused by freedom of speech to protect it from people who want to restrict it.
  • Society cannot restrict people from expressing themselves freely whether it agrees with their views or not.
  • A reasonable restriction of freedom of expression is one that allows society to function smoothly and curbs interference in privacy.
  • These restrictions are reasonable as they are necessary to run the society smoothly.

Following are some reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech.

  • Freedom of speech cannot interfere in someone's privacy. Employees of Royal household of England are constrained by contract from disclosing any inner affairs of the royal household.
  • Another example of putting restriction on freedom of speech is of film censor board. Censor board of films ban some portion of film to prevent adverse effect on society or disturbance of peace
The document NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science - Freedom is a part of the UPSC Course Indian Polity for UPSC CSE.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science - Freedom

1. What is freedom and why is it important?
Ans. Freedom is the power or right to act, speak or think without any external constraint. It is important because it allows individuals to express themselves, make choices, and pursue their goals without any interference. Freedom also promotes creativity, innovation, and progress, and helps to protect individual rights and autonomy.
2. What are the different types of freedom?
Ans. There are different types of freedom such as political freedom, economic freedom, social freedom, and personal freedom. Political freedom refers to the right to participate in political processes and express one's opinions without fear of persecution. Economic freedom refers to the ability to make economic choices without interference from the government or other external forces. Social freedom refers to the ability to associate with others and engage in cultural activities. Personal freedom refers to the right to make choices about one's own life and pursue one's own goals.
3. How has the concept of freedom evolved over time?
Ans. The concept of freedom has evolved over time, reflecting changes in society and culture. In the past, freedom was often seen as the absence of external constraints, such as slavery or feudalism. In the modern era, freedom has come to encompass a wider range of individual rights, including freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom from discrimination. The concept of freedom has also become more complex, with debates over the limits of freedom and the responsibilities that come with it.
4. What are some challenges to freedom in today's world?
Ans. Some challenges to freedom in today's world include authoritarianism, censorship, and surveillance. Many governments around the world are restricting freedom of expression and assembly, and cracking down on dissent. The rise of social media has also led to debates over the limits of free speech and the impact of online harassment. Additionally, the growth of surveillance technologies has raised concerns about privacy and civil liberties.
5. How can individuals promote and protect freedom?
Ans. Individuals can promote and protect freedom by speaking out against injustice and advocating for their rights. This can include participating in protests, signing petitions, and contacting elected officials. Individuals can also support organizations that promote freedom and civil liberties, such as human rights groups and advocacy organizations. Additionally, individuals can promote freedom by being informed about their rights and responsibilities, and by engaging in dialogue with others to promote understanding and tolerance.
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