Development Class 10 Worksheet Economics Chapter 3

Objective Type Questions
Q1: Which of the following is not true about development?
a. Different people usually have the same goals.
b. Different people can have different goals.
c. Different people can have different as well as conflicting goals.
d. Different people can have different as well as conflicting goals regarding national development.
Ans: A

Q2: Which statement does not justify the need for provision of public facilities
a. Income itself indicate the ability to utilize goods and services
b. Public facilities are provided because people need them
c. Providing public facilities collectively reduces costs
d. Income itself cannot indicate the ability to utilize goods and services
Ans: A

Q3: Which one of the following is not a base for preparation of Human Development Index (HDI)
a. Literacy rate
b. Life expectancy
c. Industrialization
d. Per capita income
Ans: C

Q4: Which of the following is the most important component for comparing different countries
a. Resources
b. Youth in population
c. Per capita income
d. Life expectancy
Ans: C

Q5: Which criteria is used by World Bank for classifying countries?
a. Literacy Rate
b. Life Expectancy
c. Enrolment percentage
d. Per Capita income
Ans: D

Q6: Kerala has low infant mortality rate because it has
a. Low provision of basic health and educational facilities
b. Adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities
c. High mortality rate among elderly people
d. None of the above
Ans: B

Q7: Body mass index is used to calculate
a. Nourishment level
b. Body growth
c. Only a
d. Both a and b
Ans: D

Q8: Assume there are five families in a country. The average per capita income of these families is Rs 10000. If the income of three families is Rs 9500, Rs 10500, Rs 10200 and Rs 9800 respectively, what is the income of the fifth family?
a. Rs 10000
b. Rs 10500
c. Rs 20220
d. Rs 5800
Ans: A

Q9: Which of the following is not a reason for a person which will not prevent him from joining a job which pay high salary?
a. Job security
b. Work environment
c. Facilities for family
d. Power
Ans: D

Q10: Which of the following is true when industrialists want more dam to get more electricity but tribals oppose it?
a. Different persons can have different developmental goals
b. What may be development for one may not be development for the other.
c. For development, people look at a mix of goals.
d. Different persons could have different as well as conflicting notions of a country’s development.
Ans: B

Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q1: The total income of the country divided by its total population is Called
Ans: Per capital income

Q2: Which organization publishes the Human Development Report?
Ans: UNDP

Q3: Which state in has the highest literacy rate?
Ans: Kerala

Q4: As per Human Development Report 2006 which neighboring country has the highest income?
Ans: Sri Lanka

Q5: What is sustainable development?
Ans: Development that does not compromise the needs of the future generation.

Q6: Development of a country can generally be determined by ____________
Ans: Per capita income

Q7: Which of the state has low infant mortality rate?
Ans: Kerala

Q8: What is the full form of HDI?
Ans: Human Development Index

Q9: Which areas of the world has the largest crude oil reserves?
Ans: The Middle East.

Q10: Besides money what are the other developmental goals?
Ans: Respect, Security, Pollution Free environment, etc.

Short Answer Type Questions
Q1: What does development mean for a landless rural labourer?
Ans:  More days of work and better wages; local school is able to provide quality education for children; there is health facilities, and there is no social discrimination.

Q2: Do all people of a country have the same notion of development?
Ans:  No. Different persons can have different goals. What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other.

Q3: What are the development goals of people other than income?
Ans:  Besides seeking more income, people also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect for others.

Q4: Which is the most important criterion for comparing development of countries/states?
Ans: Income/ Per capita Income.

Q5: What is meant by total income of a country?
Ans: Total value of all goods and services produced within a country and the income coming from abroad in a given period of time.

Q6: What is ‘Average Income’ Or ‘Per capita Income’?
Ans: Percapita Income is obtained by dividing the national income by the population of the country.
PCI=TOTAL INCOME OF A COUNTRY
TOTAL POPULATION

Q7: What is the main criterion used by World Bank in classifying different countries?
Ans: The World Bank classifies countries in its World Development Reports based on per capita income:

1. High-Income Countries (Rich Countries):

   • Per capita income of US$ 49,300 or above (as of 2019).
   • Generally referred to as developed countries, excluding Middle Eastern and certain other small countries.

2. Low-Income Countries:

   • Per capita income of US$ 2,500 or less.

3. Low Middle-Income Countries:

   • Countries with per capita income between US$ 2,500 and US$ 49,300.
   • Example: India, with a per capita income of US$ 6,700 in 2019.

These classifications help in understanding the economic status and development levels of different countries.

Q8: Why children in many parts of India are not able to achieve Secondary education?
Ans:  Children are not able to achieve secondary education because; government/ society have not provided adequate facilities.

Q9: Why does Kerala have low infant mortality rate?
Ans:  Kerala has low infant mortality rate because it has adequate provision of basic health and education facilities.

Q10 : What are the criterions used by the Human Development Report published by UNDP to compare countries?
Ans: Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (2017 PPP $), Life Expectancy at birth, Literacy Rate for 15+ yrs population.

Long Answer Type Questions
Q1: How did World Bank classify countries? What criterion did they use? What are its limitations?
Ans:

Classification:

• High-Income Countries: Per capita income of US$ 49,300 or above (2019).
• Low-Income Countries: Per capita income of US$ 2,500 or less.
• Middle-Income Countries: Per capita income between US$ 2,500 and US$ 49,300 (e.g., India at US$ 6,700 in 2019).

Criterion:

• Per capita income is the primary criterion used by the World Bank.

Limitations:

• Income Distribution: Doesn't reflect inequality.
• Access to Services: Higher income doesn't guarantee healthcare, education, or a clean environment.
• Quality of Life: Ignores factors like life expectancy and literacy rate.
• Non-Monetary Aspects: Excludes political stability, security, and environmental sustainability.

Q2: Give three examples where an average income is used for comparing situations.
Or Why do we use average income? What are the limitations to their use?
Ans:

• The per capita income or the average income is used to compare economic development of countries.
• We use averages to identify and analyse performance level in different areas.
• It is used to compare different situations and to find out the strong and weak points.
• We use averages to make calculations easier and averages reveal general performance level.
• There are limitations to their use.
• Averages will not represent the actual performance.
• When we take the average of similar performance or similar amount, it is meaningful.
• However, when we calculate two extremes or a number of very low performances and a very high performance, the average will not tell the exact situation.
• Q3: Why do you think average income is an important criterion for development? Explain.
  Ans:
  Average income represents the total income of a country keeping in view of the total population.
• If the average income is adequate to meet the basic requirement and other facilities that country is considered developed.
• More income means more of all things that human beings need.
• Whatever people like and should have, they will be able to get with greater income.

Q4: Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well.
OR Prove by giving examples that income itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens were able to use.
Ans:

• The per capita income of Haryana and Kerala is Rs. 1,80,174 and Rs. 1,63,475 by the year 2018–19.
• Though the per capita income of Haryana was much higher than Kerala.
• But their infant mortality rate is 30 and it is higher than 10 in Kerala and literacy rate is 82 % in Haryana and 94 % in Kerala. Money cannot buy all the goods and services that we need to live well. It cannot buy a pollution free environment or ensure that we get unadulterated medicine.