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Mindmap: Heredity | Science Class 10

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FAQs on Mindmap: Heredity - Science Class 10

1. What is heredity and how does it work?
Ans.Heredity is the biological process through which traits and characteristics are passed from parents to their offspring through genes. Genes, which are segments of DNA, carry the information that determines everything from physical appearance to susceptibility to certain diseases. During reproduction, offspring inherit a combination of genes from both parents, resulting in unique genetic traits.
2. What are dominant and recessive traits?
Ans.Dominant traits are those that are expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the gene is present (heterozygous condition), while recessive traits require two copies of the gene (homozygous condition) to be expressed. For example, if a child inherits a dominant allele for brown eyes from one parent and a recessive allele for blue eyes from the other, the child will have brown eyes.
3. How do environmental factors influence heredity?
Ans.Environmental factors can significantly influence the expression of genetic traits, a concept known as "phenotypic plasticity." Factors such as nutrition, temperature, and exposure to toxins can affect how genes are expressed, potentially altering physical traits or health outcomes. For instance, a person may have a genetic predisposition for a particular trait, but whether that trait manifests can depend on their environment.
4. What role does DNA play in heredity?
Ans.DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries genetic information essential for heredity. It is structured in a double helix, with sequences of nucleotides forming genes that dictate the development and functioning of living organisms. During reproduction, DNA is replicated and passed on to offspring, ensuring the continuity of genetic information across generations.
5. Can heredity affect the risk of developing certain diseases?
Ans.Yes, heredity plays a crucial role in determining an individual's risk of developing certain diseases. Genetic predispositions can increase susceptibility to conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and various cancers. While genetics is a major factor, environmental influences and lifestyle choices also contribute to the overall risk of disease development.
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