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Mindmap: Crops Production and Management | Science Class 8

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1. What are the main types of crops grown in agriculture?
Ans. The main types of crops grown in agriculture can be classified into two categories: food crops and cash crops. Food crops include cereals (like rice, wheat, and maize), pulses (such as beans and lentils), and vegetables. Cash crops, on the other hand, are grown for sale and include crops like cotton, tobacco, and coffee.
2. What factors affect crop production?
Ans. Several factors affect crop production, including climate (temperature and rainfall), soil type and fertility, availability of water, farming techniques, and pest management. Additionally, the choice of crop variety and the use of fertilizers and pesticides also play a significant role in determining crop yield.
3. How can pests and diseases be managed in crop production?
Ans. Pests and diseases in crop production can be managed through integrated pest management (IPM), which includes practices such as crop rotation, using resistant crop varieties, biological control methods, and chemical pesticides when necessary. Regular monitoring and prompt action are essential for effective management.
4. What is the importance of irrigation in crop production?
Ans. Irrigation is crucial in crop production as it provides the necessary water supply for crops, especially in regions with insufficient rainfall. It helps maintain soil moisture, supports plant growth, and can significantly increase crop yields, ensuring a stable food supply.
5. How does soil management contribute to successful crop production?
Ans. Soil management contributes to successful crop production by improving soil health and fertility. Practices such as crop rotation, cover cropping, and the use of organic matter (like compost) enhance soil structure, increase nutrient availability, and promote beneficial microorganisms, all of which lead to better crop yields.
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