Air and Water Class 3 Notes Science

Introduction 

Have you ever felt the wind on your face while playing outside or seen steam rise from a cup of hot tea? Air and water are all around us, even if we cannot always see them. They are very important because they help us live, grow, and do many daily activities.

Let’s dive in and learn more about these amazing natural resources!

Air

Air is everywhere around us, but we cannot see it. However, we can feel it when it moves. Air is very important because it helps us breathe and keeps us alive!

Wind and Air Movement

• When air moves, we call it wind.
• If the wind blows gently, it is called a breeze.
• Sometimes, the wind blows very fast and strong. When it comes with rain and thunder, it causes storms.
• Storms can be dangerous. They can break trees and damage houses.

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What Does Air Contain?

• Air is made up of different gases. 
• In addition to these gases, air also contains water vapour and tiny dust particles. 
• Sometimes, air can also have smoke and germs mixed in it.

Gases

• Air is a mixture of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases. 
• Oxygen – All living things need oxygen to breathe.
• Carbon Dioxide – Plants use it to make food.
• Nitrogen – Helps plants grow.

Water Vapour

• The sun heats up water and turns it into water vapour, which mixes with air.
• This vapour gets mixed with the air around. 

Dust particles

• If you carefully observe a beam of light entering a dark room, you will see small particles floating in the light. 
• These are dust particles. Thus, air also contains dust particles.

Smoke and germs

• When we burn something, it gives out smoke. 
• Vehicles also produce smoke, which mixes with the air.
• When we sneeze or cough, tiny germs spread into the air.
• This makes the air impure and can cause health problems.
• That’s why keeping the air clean is important for a healthy life.

Uses of Air

• All living things need air to breathe.
• Plants use air to make food.
• Fire needs air to burn. Without air, things cannot burn.
• Air is used to fill tyres and balloons.
• Birds can fly because air lifts them.
• Kites fly in the sky with the help of air.
• Ships and boats move because the wind pushes them.
• Windmills use air to pump water and make electricity.

Air is very important for life.

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Water

Did you know that most of the Earth is covered with water? That’s why it looks blue from space! Water is essential for all living things.

 Around 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Due to the presence of water, the Earth looks blue from the space. It is due to this reason that the Earth is often referred to as the blue planet.

Sources Of Water

The main sources of water are:

• Rain is a major source of water.
• It helps fill oceans, seas, lakes, and ponds.
• Water in these places is called surface water.
• Ice from glaciers melts and adds water to rivers and seas.
• Water is also found deep under the ground.
• We can get underground water using wells and tube wells.
• Many foods contain water, like milk, watermelon, cucumber, tomatoes, and potatoes.
• Even our body has a large amount of water.

Sources of Water in Different States

Things around us can be found in three forms or states. They are solid, liquid, and gas. Water in a substance that can be found in all three states.

• Water in Liquid State: Oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams are sources of liquid water. The water we drink is also in liquid form. Liquids can flow.
• Water in Solid State: Glaciers in cold regions, like the Himalayas, contain solid water. Ice cubes in a refrigerator are also solid. We can hold solid water in our hands.
• Water in Gaseous State: Water vapour is present in the air. The steam from boiling water or cooking food is in a gaseous state. Gases spread in the air.

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Uses of water

• All living things need water to survive. We can live without food for a few days, but not without water.
• Plants need water to grow. Without water, they dry up and die.
• Water is home to many animals. Fish, whales, crabs, and other water animals live in water and breathe oxygen from it.
• We need water to stay clean. We use water for bathing and washing our hands.
• Water helps us clean things. We use it to wash clothes, cars, and houses.
• Farmers need water to grow crops. Without water, plants cannot grow.
• We need water for cooking. It is used to prepare food.
• Flowing water creates electricity. Dams and turbines use water to generate power.
• Factories use water to make many things. Water is important in making paper, clothes, and other products.

Saving Water

Clean water is limited, so we must use it wisely. Here’s how we can save water:

• Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth.
• Use a bucket instead of a shower for bathing.
• Fix leaking taps to stop wasting water.
• Collect rainwater to use for plants.

If we waste water today, we may not have enough in the future!

Conclusion

Air and water are the most important things for life on Earth. We cannot see air, but we feel it around us. It helps us breathe, fly kites, and even make electricity. Water is everywhere—rivers, lakes, and even in the air as vapor. We drink it, use it for farming, and need it for daily life. To keep our planet safe, we must keep the air clean and save water. Even small actions—like turning off taps and reducing pollution—can make a big difference. Let’s take care of air and water because they take care of us!