Transportation Class 3 Notes SST

We all need to move from one place to another. Sometimes, our destination is very far away. We cannot always walk to such places. Therefore, we use some means of transport to reach our destination.
Transport plays a very important role in our life. We classify the means of transport into three groups—land transport, water transport and air transport.

Go Fact: Bicycle was invented by Kirkpatrick. Macmillan of Scotland in 1839.

LAND TRANSPORT

This mode of transport is divided into two types: road transport and railways. Trucks, buses, cars, taxi, bicycle, auto-rickshaw, motorcycles, tongas and bullock-carts are the means of road transport. In the villages, people still use a bullock-cart or a horse-cart as a means of land transport. People in towns and cities use faster means of transport. Trucks transports heavy and bulky goods from one place to another. There is a large network of roads in our country. These roads connect important cities and trading centres of different states with each other.

We have a good network of railways in our country. Passenger trains carry millions of passengers every day. India has various types of trains such as suburban trains, express trains, superfast trains, Rajdhani trains, Shatabdi trains, etc. Goods Trains transport things of daily use as well such as grains, milk, fruits, vegetables, etc. They also carry many other things like coal, minerals, medicines, petrol, diesel, etc., from one place to another.

In big cities like Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata, there are local trains, trams, metro and buses, which are managed by the government. These are referred to as public transport system.

GO FACT: Mumbai is one of the busiest seaports of the world.

WATER TRANSPORT

Vehicles which move on water bodies from one place to another are known as the means of water transport. Water transport is one of the oldest and cheapest means of transport. Water transport is slower than the land or air transport. Boats, steamers, ships, ferries, cruises and cargo ships are the major means of water transport.
Ships are large boats which sail in seas or oceans. Shipping plays an important role in India’s trade with other countries. There are twelve major seaports of India.

AIR TRANSPORT

Air transport is the fastest means of transport. Aeroplanes and helicopters fly in the air. Passenger aeroplanes can be big or small. They carry about 50 to 200 persons at a time. A helicopter is a small aircraft. It has a set of blades on its roof. It carries just 5–6 persons at a time.
Air transport is the means of transport through which the world has shrunk. Airways cover vast distances within a few hours. Helicopters are mainly used for rescue operations. It doesn’t need much space to take off or land as compared to an aeroplane. Helicopters need helipads to land and take off while an aeroplane needs an airport for the same purpose. There are many international airports such as the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi, the Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport in Kolkata, etc.
The world is connected through trade between nations. This has been developed due to advance transportation system.

GO FACT: Wright Brothers invented and flew Aeroplane in 1903 in USA.

KEYWORDS

• Destination: a place where one is going
• Rescue: to save from harm

SUMMARY

• A means of transport helps in moving people and goods from one place to another.
• Goods trains regularly carry things of daily use.
• Water transport is the oldest and cheapest means of transport.
• Airways cover vast distances within a few hours.